缩短教育学制,挖潜人口红利之构想
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摘要
随着老龄化的加重,我国人口红利日渐消退已成为不争的事实。缩短教育学制能够有效地挖潜中国的人口红利,本文在预估缩短教育学制可能带来的人口红利的基础上,分析了缩短教育学制的现实可行性,提出小学受教育年限缩短一年;硕士研究生受教育年限应与国际接轨两方面的新学制构想。文章对缩短学制政策实施的后续影响进行论证,首先提出学制改革构想,提出要对课程教材进行重新编制;其次应循序渐进的实行,采取分区域、分阶段推行的方式等政策实施方案。
With the aggravation of aging,the declining demographic dividend of China has become an indisputable fact. To shorten schooling Length can effectively tap the demographic dividend of China both in terms of population quantity and population quality. On the basis of predicting the possible demographic dividend of shorten educational-schooling duration,the thesis analyzes the practical feasibility to shorten schooling education and advocates to shorten primary school years of education by one year; years of schooling for postgraduate should be integrated with international education system. This paper demonstrates the subsequent impact of the implementation of the policy of shortening the length of schooling,and puts forward that the reform of schooling length should be prepared by recompiling the curriculum materials firstly. Secondly,it should be carried out step by step,adopting subregional and phased implementation methods to implement programs.
With the aggravation of aging,the declining demographic dividend of China has become an indisputable fact. To shorten schooling Length can effectively tap the demographic dividend of China both in terms of population quantity and population quality. On the basis of predicting the possible demographic dividend of shorten educational-schooling duration,the thesis analyzes the practical feasibility to shorten schooling education and advocates to shorten primary school years of education by one year; years of schooling for postgraduate should be integrated with international education system. This paper demonstrates the subsequent impact of the implementation of the policy of shortening the length of schooling,and puts forward that the reform of schooling length should be prepared by recompiling the curriculum materials firstly. Secondly,it should be carried out step by step,adopting subregional and phased implementation methods to implement programs.
引文
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[2]王德文,蔡昉,张学辉.人口转变的储蓄效应和增长效应——论中国增长可持续性的人口因素[J].人口研究,2004(9):2-11.
[3]蔡昉.刘易斯转折点:中国经济发展新阶段[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2008.
[4]Choudhry M. T.,Elhorst J. P.. Demographic Transition and Economic Growth in China,India and Pakistan[J]. Economic Systems,2010(3):218-236.
[5]中国老龄工作委员会.中国人口老龄化发展趋势预测研究报告[J].中国妇运,2007(2):15-18.
[6]田俊荣,蔡昉.人口红利拐点已现[N].人民日报,2013-01-28.
[7]张茉楠.中国数量型“人口红利”即将消失[N].中国经济时报,2011-02-16.
[8]王霞.全面二胎政策背景下女性的生育意愿研究——以郑州市为例[D].郑州大学公共管理学院,2016.
[9]杨小洋.“全面二胎”下我国在婚人口二胎生育意愿及其影响因素调查研究[J].佳木斯职业学院学报,2017(1):468.
[10]茅倬彦,罗昊.符合二胎政策妇女的生育意愿和生育行为差异——基于计划行为理论的实证研究[J].人口与社会,2013(1):84-92.
[11][17]张保健.九年义务教育全面实行五四制的可行性建议[J].人民教育,2017(2).
[12]徐青.农村幼儿园教育“小学化”倾向的成因及纠正和预防[J].林区教学,2010(1).
[13]黄昆梅.硕士研究生学制缩短后培养目标的定位和课程设置的改革[J].高等农业教育,2005(5):72-73.
[14]陈兰,胡弼成.硕士研究生学制改革的问题与出路[J].理工高教研究,2006(5):82-83.
[15]任兵.缩短硕士研究生学制的探索与思考[J].中国高教研究,2005(03):13-17.
[16]孙丹丹.我国中小学阶段“六三三”学制对当代社会适切性问题的研究[D].浙江师范大学,2014.
[18]王攀峰,孟繁华,张增田.学生发展:学制与义务教育年限调整的出发点[J].教育理论与实践,2016(20).
[19]姜洁.关于我国研究生学制若干问题的思考[D].厦门大学,2011.
[20]代蕊华.以开放心态看学制改革[N].中国教育报,2016-03-09.