火星探测器精密定轨软件研制及实测数据处理
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摘要
研发了一套具有自主知识产权的火星探测器精密定轨及动力学参数解算软件系统,介绍了软件的设计思路与基本结构。对2009年8月中国甚长基线干涉测量网跟踪的火星快车号三程多谱勒数据和相同弧段欧洲空间局的双程多谱勒数据进行了处理。结果表明,对于三程多谱勒数据,精密定轨后的残差处于0.079 mm/s的水平,轨道与比利时皇家天文台发布的火星快车精密轨道(精度20～25 m)最大差距小于100 m;对于欧洲空间局双程多谱勒数据,精密定轨后的残差处于0.067 mm/s的水平,轨道与精密轨道最大差距小于10 m。对火星快车跟踪数据的处理结果表明该软件可靠。
We develop a set of independent intellectual property rights software named MAGREAS(Mars gravity recovery and analysis software/system) to determine the Mars spacecraft orbit and solve Mars dynamic parameters. We introduce the design idea and basic structure of the software, and the three-way Doppler data of MEX(Mars express) from Chinese VLBI Network as well as the two-way Doppler data from ESA are analyzed. The results show that for the three-way Doppler tracking data, the post-fit RMS is 0.079 mm/s, and the maximum difference between post-fit orbit and precise orbit provided by Royal Observatory of Belgium is less than 100 m; for the two-way tracking data, the post-fit RMS is 0.067 mm/s and the maximum difference is less than 10 m. The results indicate MAGREAS is reliable and accurate. This software can provide reference for processing the orbital tracking data of Mars spacecraft of the upcoming Chinese Mars exploration mission.
We develop a set of independent intellectual property rights software named MAGREAS(Mars gravity recovery and analysis software/system) to determine the Mars spacecraft orbit and solve Mars dynamic parameters. We introduce the design idea and basic structure of the software, and the three-way Doppler data of MEX(Mars express) from Chinese VLBI Network as well as the two-way Doppler data from ESA are analyzed. The results show that for the three-way Doppler tracking data, the post-fit RMS is 0.079 mm/s, and the maximum difference between post-fit orbit and precise orbit provided by Royal Observatory of Belgium is less than 100 m; for the two-way tracking data, the post-fit RMS is 0.067 mm/s and the maximum difference is less than 10 m. The results indicate MAGREAS is reliable and accurate. This software can provide reference for processing the orbital tracking data of Mars spacecraft of the upcoming Chinese Mars exploration mission.
引文
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[2] Formisano V, Atreya S, Encrenaz T, et al. Detection of Methane in the Atmosphere of Mars[J]. Science, 2004, 306(5 702): 1 758-1 761
[3] P?tzold M, H?usler B, Tyler G L, et al. Mars Express 10 Years at Mars: Observations by the Mars Express Radio Science Experiment (MaRS)[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2016, 127(1): 44-90
[4] Rosenblatt P, Lainey V, Maistre S, et al. Accurate Mars Express Orbits to Improve the Determination of the Mass and Ephemeris of the Martian Moons[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2008, 56(7): 1 043-1 053
[5] Ye Mao. Development of Lunar Spacecraft Precision Orbit Determination Software System and Research on a Four-Way Relay Tracking Measurement Mode[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University, 2016(叶茂. 月球探测器精密定轨软件研制与四程中继跟踪测量模式研究[D].武汉:武汉大学, 2016)
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[8] Lemoine F G, Smith D E, Rowlands D D, et al. An Improved Solution of the Gravity Field of Mars (GMM-2 B) from Mars Global Surveyor[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001, 106(E10): 359-376
[9] Konopliv A S, Asmar S W, Folkner W M, et al. Mars High Resolution Gravity Fields from MRO, Mars Seasonal Gravity, and Other Dynamical Parameters[J]. Icarus, 2011, 211: 401-428
[10] Marty J C, Balmino G, Duron J, et al. Martian Gravity Field Model and Its Time Variations from MGS and Odyssey Data[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2009, 57(3): 350-363
[11] Huang Yong, Hu Xiaogong, Cao Jianfeng, et al. The Mars Satellite Orbit Determination Software at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory[J]. Journal of Spacecraft TT and C Technology, 2009, 28(6):83-89(黄勇,胡小工,曹建峰,等.上海天文台火星卫星定轨软件系统[J] .飞行器测控学报,2009, 28(6):83-89)
[12] Hu Songjie, Tang Geshi. BACC Orbit Determination and Analysis Software for Deep-Space Explo-rers[J]. Journal of Spacecraft TT and C Techno-logy,2010,29(5):69-74(胡松杰,唐歌实. 北京中心深空探测器精密定轨与分析软件[J].飞行器测控学报,2010,29(5):69-74)
[13] Li F, Ye M, Yan J, et al. A Simulation of the Four-Way Lunar Lander-Orbiter Tracking Mode for the Chang’E-5 Mission[J]. Advances in Space Research, 2016, 57(11): 2 376-2 384
[14] Yan Jianguo. Lunar Gravity Field Research and Lunar Satellite Precise Orbit Determination[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University, 2007(鄢建国. 月球重力场研究及绕月卫星精密定轨[D]. 武汉: 武汉大学, 2007)
[15] Ping Jinsong, Shang Kun, Jian Nianchuan, et al. Three-Way Doppler Observation of Mars Express[J]. Spacecraft Engineering, 2010(6): 21-25
[16] Cao Jianfeng, Huang Yong, Hu Xiaogong, et al. Mars Express Tracking and Orbit Determination Trials with Chinese VLBI Network[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2010, 55(32): 3 654-3 660(曹建峰, 黄勇, 胡小工, 等. 利用中国 VLBI 网实现对“火星快车”的测定轨[J]. 科学通报, 2010, 55(32): 3 654-3 660)
[17] Cao Jianfeng, Huang Yong, Hu Xiaogong, et al. Modeling and Application of Doppler Data in Deep Space Exploration[J]. Journal of Astronautics,2011, 32(7): 1 583-1 589(曹建峰, 黄勇, 胡小工, 等. 深空探测中多谱勒的建模与应用[J]. 宇航学报, 2011, 32(7): 1 583-1 589)
[18] Moyer T D. Formulation for Observed and Computed Values of Deep Space Network Data Types for Navigation[M]. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2005
[19] Stewart A I F. Time Dependent Model of the Mar-tian Atmosphere for Use in Orbit Lifetime and Sustenance Studies[R]. LASP-JPL International Report, JPL, Pasadena, CA, USA, 1987
[20] Konopliv A S, Park R S, Folkner W M. An Improved JPL Mars Gravity Field and Orientation from Mars Orbiter and Lander Tracking Data[J]. Icarus, 2016, 274: 253-260
[2] Formisano V, Atreya S, Encrenaz T, et al. Detection of Methane in the Atmosphere of Mars[J]. Science, 2004, 306(5 702): 1 758-1 761
[3] P?tzold M, H?usler B, Tyler G L, et al. Mars Express 10 Years at Mars: Observations by the Mars Express Radio Science Experiment (MaRS)[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2016, 127(1): 44-90
[4] Rosenblatt P, Lainey V, Maistre S, et al. Accurate Mars Express Orbits to Improve the Determination of the Mass and Ephemeris of the Martian Moons[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2008, 56(7): 1 043-1 053
[5] Ye Mao. Development of Lunar Spacecraft Precision Orbit Determination Software System and Research on a Four-Way Relay Tracking Measurement Mode[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University, 2016(叶茂. 月球探测器精密定轨软件研制与四程中继跟踪测量模式研究[D].武汉:武汉大学, 2016)
[6] Yan Jianguo, Ping Jinsong. A Gravity Field Model for Mars[J].Physics,2009, 38: 707-711(鄢建国, 平劲松. 火星重力场研究现状及发展趋势[J]. 物理, 2009, 38: 707-711)
[7] Vetter J R. Fifty Years of Orbit Determination [J]. Johns Hopkins APL Technical Digest, 2007, 27(3): 239-252
[8] Lemoine F G, Smith D E, Rowlands D D, et al. An Improved Solution of the Gravity Field of Mars (GMM-2 B) from Mars Global Surveyor[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research, 2001, 106(E10): 359-376
[9] Konopliv A S, Asmar S W, Folkner W M, et al. Mars High Resolution Gravity Fields from MRO, Mars Seasonal Gravity, and Other Dynamical Parameters[J]. Icarus, 2011, 211: 401-428
[10] Marty J C, Balmino G, Duron J, et al. Martian Gravity Field Model and Its Time Variations from MGS and Odyssey Data[J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2009, 57(3): 350-363
[11] Huang Yong, Hu Xiaogong, Cao Jianfeng, et al. The Mars Satellite Orbit Determination Software at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory[J]. Journal of Spacecraft TT and C Technology, 2009, 28(6):83-89(黄勇,胡小工,曹建峰,等.上海天文台火星卫星定轨软件系统[J] .飞行器测控学报,2009, 28(6):83-89)
[12] Hu Songjie, Tang Geshi. BACC Orbit Determination and Analysis Software for Deep-Space Explo-rers[J]. Journal of Spacecraft TT and C Techno-logy,2010,29(5):69-74(胡松杰,唐歌实. 北京中心深空探测器精密定轨与分析软件[J].飞行器测控学报,2010,29(5):69-74)
[13] Li F, Ye M, Yan J, et al. A Simulation of the Four-Way Lunar Lander-Orbiter Tracking Mode for the Chang’E-5 Mission[J]. Advances in Space Research, 2016, 57(11): 2 376-2 384
[14] Yan Jianguo. Lunar Gravity Field Research and Lunar Satellite Precise Orbit Determination[D]. Wuhan: Wuhan University, 2007(鄢建国. 月球重力场研究及绕月卫星精密定轨[D]. 武汉: 武汉大学, 2007)
[15] Ping Jinsong, Shang Kun, Jian Nianchuan, et al. Three-Way Doppler Observation of Mars Express[J]. Spacecraft Engineering, 2010(6): 21-25
[16] Cao Jianfeng, Huang Yong, Hu Xiaogong, et al. Mars Express Tracking and Orbit Determination Trials with Chinese VLBI Network[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2010, 55(32): 3 654-3 660(曹建峰, 黄勇, 胡小工, 等. 利用中国 VLBI 网实现对“火星快车”的测定轨[J]. 科学通报, 2010, 55(32): 3 654-3 660)
[17] Cao Jianfeng, Huang Yong, Hu Xiaogong, et al. Modeling and Application of Doppler Data in Deep Space Exploration[J]. Journal of Astronautics,2011, 32(7): 1 583-1 589(曹建峰, 黄勇, 胡小工, 等. 深空探测中多谱勒的建模与应用[J]. 宇航学报, 2011, 32(7): 1 583-1 589)
[18] Moyer T D. Formulation for Observed and Computed Values of Deep Space Network Data Types for Navigation[M]. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 2005
[19] Stewart A I F. Time Dependent Model of the Mar-tian Atmosphere for Use in Orbit Lifetime and Sustenance Studies[R]. LASP-JPL International Report, JPL, Pasadena, CA, USA, 1987
[20] Konopliv A S, Park R S, Folkner W M. An Improved JPL Mars Gravity Field and Orientation from Mars Orbiter and Lander Tracking Data[J]. Icarus, 2016, 274: 253-260