基于联络线扩展区域分解协调的分布式并行状态估计
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摘要
为适应互联电网日益复杂的结构形式和分层分区管理模式,采用联络线分区解耦方式对互联系统进行分布式状态估计计算。考虑到估计计算精度与计算效率的均衡,提出了一种将联络线扩展区域状态估计和灵敏度矩阵协调算法结合的分布式状态估计算法。设计分布式状态估计整体思路,一方面,在实现联络线分区解耦的前提下,完成分区层各子区独立状态估计计算和灵敏度矩阵求解,利用子区计算时机动态构建协调层联络线估计区域并完成并行状态估计计算;另一方面,根据协调层下发的联络线估计值和灵敏度矩阵,分区层各子区并行实现边界估计值不匹配量的协调修正计算。最后,通过IEEE 118节点、IEEE 30节点和实际互联电网的模拟仿真,验证上述算法实现分布式状态估计计算的优越性。仿真结果表明,采用该算法进行分布式估计计算,既具有较高的估计精度、收敛速度和计算效率,又可实现并行独立计算,避免集中式状态估计计算规模大、无法解决局部不可观测或不收敛的瓶颈问题。
In order to adapt to the increasingly complex structure of interconnected power grid and the hierarchical and partitioned management modes,the distributed state estimation calculation for interconnected systems using partition and decoupling by tie-line are adopted.Considering the balance of estimation accuracy and efficiency,this paper proposes a distributed state estimation algorithm combining the state estimation of tie-line extended area and the sensitivity matrix coordination method.The whole idea of the distributed state estimation is designed in two parts.On one hand,the state estimation and the sensitivity matrix solution of each region in the partition layer is independently performed once the interconnected power grid is decoupled by regional tie-lines.Simultaneously,the tie-line estimation area in coordination layer is dynamically constructed and the parallel state estimation calculation is completed.On the other hand,the coordinated correction calculation for the mismatch of boundary estimation value in each sub-region is performed in parallel according to the tie-line estimated values and sensitivity matrixes distributed by the coordination layer.Finally,the calculation examples of the IEEE 118-bus,IEEE 30-bus and an actual interconnected power system show the superiority of the proposed algorithm,in terms of the estimation accuracy,the converging speed and the calculation efficiency.The proposed algorithm avoids the largescale integrated state estimation calculation and solves the bottleneck problems of state estimation of large-scale power system with local observability or convergence issues by performing independent parallel calculation.
In order to adapt to the increasingly complex structure of interconnected power grid and the hierarchical and partitioned management modes,the distributed state estimation calculation for interconnected systems using partition and decoupling by tie-line are adopted.Considering the balance of estimation accuracy and efficiency,this paper proposes a distributed state estimation algorithm combining the state estimation of tie-line extended area and the sensitivity matrix coordination method.The whole idea of the distributed state estimation is designed in two parts.On one hand,the state estimation and the sensitivity matrix solution of each region in the partition layer is independently performed once the interconnected power grid is decoupled by regional tie-lines.Simultaneously,the tie-line estimation area in coordination layer is dynamically constructed and the parallel state estimation calculation is completed.On the other hand,the coordinated correction calculation for the mismatch of boundary estimation value in each sub-region is performed in parallel according to the tie-line estimated values and sensitivity matrixes distributed by the coordination layer.Finally,the calculation examples of the IEEE 118-bus,IEEE 30-bus and an actual interconnected power system show the superiority of the proposed algorithm,in terms of the estimation accuracy,the converging speed and the calculation efficiency.The proposed algorithm avoids the largescale integrated state estimation calculation and solves the bottleneck problems of state estimation of large-scale power system with local observability or convergence issues by performing independent parallel calculation.
引文
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[13]马平川,沈沉,陈颖,等.基于伪量测型协调变量的分布式状态估计算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(19):3170-3177.MA Pingchuan,SHEN Chen,CHEN Ying,et al.Distributed state estimation based on the pseudo-measurement coordination variables[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(19):3170-3177.
[14]蔡永智,陈皓勇,万楚林.基于最小二乘估计融合的分布式电力系统动态状态估计[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(8):29-35.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150610003.CAI Yongzhi,CHEN Haoyong, WAN Chulin.Distributed dynamic state estimation for power systems based on least square estimation fusion[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2016, 40(8):29-35. DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150610003.
[15]GUO Ye,TONG Lang,WU Wenchuan,et al.Hierarchical multi-area state estimation via sensitivity function exchanges[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2017,32(1):442-453.
[16]CUTSEM T V,RIBBENS P M.Critical survey of hierarchical methods for state estimation of electric power system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1983,PAS-102(10):3415-3424.
[17]李阳林,卫志农,万军彪.一种新的分布式电力系统状态估计算法[J].继电器,2007,35(20):13-16.LI Yanglin,WEI Zhinong,WAN Junbiao.A new algorithm for the distributed state estimation of power systems[J].Relay,2007,35(20):13-16.
[18]倪小平,张步涵.一种带有等式约束的状态估计新算法[J].电力系统自动化,2001,10(21):42-44.NI Xiaoping,ZHANG Buhan.New state estimation algorithm with equality constraints[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2001,10(21):42-44.
[19]EBRAHIMIAN R,BALDICK R.State estimation distributed processing[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,2000,15(4):1240-1246.
[20]陈胜,卫志农,郭晓敏,等.基于交替方向乘子法的分布式双线性状态估计[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(20):84-90.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20140927004.CHEN Sheng, WEI Zhinong, GUO Xiaomin, et al.Distributed bilinear state estimation based on alternating direction method of multipliers[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 39(20):84-90. DOI:10.7500/AEPS20140927004.
[21]ZHENG Weiye,WU Wenchuan,GOMEZ-EXPOSITO A,et al.Distributed robust bilinear state estimation for power systems with nonlinear measurements[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2017,32(1):499-509.
[22]MINOT A,LU Y M,LI Na.A distributed Gauss-Newton method for power system state estimation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(5):3804-3815.
[23]罗玉春,王毅,戴则梅,等.基于多调度控制中心的分解协调状态估计[J].电网技术,2016,40(5):1516-1521.LUO Yuchun,WANG Yi,DAI Zemei,et al.Decomposition and coordination state estimation for multi dispatching and control centers[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(5):1516-1521.
[24]ALINJAK T.PAVIC I,STOJKOV M.Improvement of backward/forward sweep power flow method by using modified breadth-first search strategy[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2017,11(1):102-109.
[25]王永,郭志忠,彭茂君,等.基于灵敏度分区的多区域互联电力系统状态估计[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(19):27-31.WANG Yong,GUO Zhizhong,PENG Maojun,et al.State estimation of a multi-area interconnected power system based on sensitivity analysis[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(19):27-31.
[2]王淼,常乃超,刘金波,等.状态估计多指标综合评价方法[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(1):94-98.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141009019.WANG Miao,CHANG Naichao,LIU Jinbo,et al.A multiindex comprehensive evaluation method of state estimation[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(1):94-98.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20141009019.
[3]于尔铿.电力系统状态估计[M].北京:水利电力出版社,1985.YU Erkeng.Power system state estimation[M].Beijing:China Water Resources and Electric Power Press,1985.
[4]KEKATOS V,GIANNAKIS G B.Decentralized power system state estimation[C]//IEEE Global Communications Conference(GLOBECOM), December 3-7, 2012, Anaheim, USA:3141-3146.
[5]陈艳波,谢瀚阳,王金丽,等.基于不确定测度的电力系统抗差状态估计:(一)理论基础[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(1):8-15.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161213006.CHEN Yanbo,XIE Hanyang,WANG Jinli,et al.Uncertain measure based robust state estimation of power system:Part one theoretical principle[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(1):8-15. DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161213006.
[6]吴在军,徐俊俊,余星火,等.主动配电网状态估计技术评述[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(13):182-191.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161123001.WU Zaijun,XU Junjun,YU Xinghuo,et al.Review on state estimation technique of active distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41(13):182-191.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20161123001.
[7]徐弢,刘阳升,林济铿,等.规则法和混合法相结合的遥信错误辨识方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(3):129-134.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160306003.XU Tao,LIU Yangsheng,LIN Jikeng,et al.Identification method for remote signal error based on rule method and hybrid method[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(3):129-134.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20160306003.
[8]DASGUPTA K,SWAMP K S.Tie-line constrained distributed state estimation[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2011,33(3):569-576.
[9]张伯明,陈寿孙,严正.高等电力网络分析[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1996.ZHANG Boming,CHEN Shousun,YAN Zheng.Advanced power network analysis[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,1996.
[10]邓颖,兰华,郝红艳.计及PMU的搭接式分布状态估计[J].电力科学与工程,2010,26(1):19-22.DENG Ying,LAN Hua,HAO Hongyan.Distributed state estimation based on the PMU and overlapped[J].Electric Power Science and Engineering,2010,26(1):19-22.
[11]王永,郭志忠,彭茂君,等.基于分解协调算法的互联电力系统状态估计[J].电网技术,2008,32(10):79-83.WANG Yong,GUO Zhizhong,PENG Maojun,et al.A new decomposition and coordination algorithm for state estimation ininterconnectedpowersystem[J]. PowerSystem Technology,2008,32(10):79-83.
[12]王建,陈颖,黄少伟,等.基于KKT条件分解的互联电网分布式状态估计算法[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(19):31-36.WANG Jian,CHEN Ying, HUANG Shaowei,et al.A distributed state estimation method for interconnected power grid based on decomposition of KKT condition[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(19):31-36.
[13]马平川,沈沉,陈颖,等.基于伪量测型协调变量的分布式状态估计算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(19):3170-3177.MA Pingchuan,SHEN Chen,CHEN Ying,et al.Distributed state estimation based on the pseudo-measurement coordination variables[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(19):3170-3177.
[14]蔡永智,陈皓勇,万楚林.基于最小二乘估计融合的分布式电力系统动态状态估计[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(8):29-35.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150610003.CAI Yongzhi,CHEN Haoyong, WAN Chulin.Distributed dynamic state estimation for power systems based on least square estimation fusion[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2016, 40(8):29-35. DOI:10.7500/AEPS20150610003.
[15]GUO Ye,TONG Lang,WU Wenchuan,et al.Hierarchical multi-area state estimation via sensitivity function exchanges[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2017,32(1):442-453.
[16]CUTSEM T V,RIBBENS P M.Critical survey of hierarchical methods for state estimation of electric power system[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Apparatus and Systems,1983,PAS-102(10):3415-3424.
[17]李阳林,卫志农,万军彪.一种新的分布式电力系统状态估计算法[J].继电器,2007,35(20):13-16.LI Yanglin,WEI Zhinong,WAN Junbiao.A new algorithm for the distributed state estimation of power systems[J].Relay,2007,35(20):13-16.
[18]倪小平,张步涵.一种带有等式约束的状态估计新算法[J].电力系统自动化,2001,10(21):42-44.NI Xiaoping,ZHANG Buhan.New state estimation algorithm with equality constraints[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2001,10(21):42-44.
[19]EBRAHIMIAN R,BALDICK R.State estimation distributed processing[J].IEEE Transaction on Power Systems,2000,15(4):1240-1246.
[20]陈胜,卫志农,郭晓敏,等.基于交替方向乘子法的分布式双线性状态估计[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(20):84-90.DOI:10.7500/AEPS20140927004.CHEN Sheng, WEI Zhinong, GUO Xiaomin, et al.Distributed bilinear state estimation based on alternating direction method of multipliers[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2015, 39(20):84-90. DOI:10.7500/AEPS20140927004.
[21]ZHENG Weiye,WU Wenchuan,GOMEZ-EXPOSITO A,et al.Distributed robust bilinear state estimation for power systems with nonlinear measurements[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2017,32(1):499-509.
[22]MINOT A,LU Y M,LI Na.A distributed Gauss-Newton method for power system state estimation[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2016,31(5):3804-3815.
[23]罗玉春,王毅,戴则梅,等.基于多调度控制中心的分解协调状态估计[J].电网技术,2016,40(5):1516-1521.LUO Yuchun,WANG Yi,DAI Zemei,et al.Decomposition and coordination state estimation for multi dispatching and control centers[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(5):1516-1521.
[24]ALINJAK T.PAVIC I,STOJKOV M.Improvement of backward/forward sweep power flow method by using modified breadth-first search strategy[J].IET Generation Transmission&Distribution,2017,11(1):102-109.
[25]王永,郭志忠,彭茂君,等.基于灵敏度分区的多区域互联电力系统状态估计[J].电力系统自动化,2007,31(19):27-31.WANG Yong,GUO Zhizhong,PENG Maojun,et al.State estimation of a multi-area interconnected power system based on sensitivity analysis[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2007,31(19):27-31.