全面二孩政策下广东省产科护士心理授权与职业疲溃感的相关性研究
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摘要
目的描述全面二孩政策下广东省产科护士心理授权与职业疲溃感的水平,并探讨两者的相关性,为缓解产科护士职业疲溃感提供依据。方法采用产科护士一般资料调查问卷、心理授权量表和职业疲溃感量表对广东省1 154名产科护士进行调查。结果产科护士心理授权总分(45. 23±6. 73)分;职业疲溃感中情感耗竭、去人格化、个人成就感得分分别为(28. 08±12. 42)分、(9. 25±7. 48)分和(34. 80±8. 13)分;产科护士心理授权与情感耗竭和去人格化呈负相关(r=-0. 357、-0. 304,均P <0. 01),与个人成就感呈正相关(r=0. 458,P <0. 01)。结论产科护士心理授权处于中等水平,职业疲溃感呈中高度水平;心理授权与职业疲溃感程度呈负相关,护理管理者可以通过提高产科护士心理授权水平降低护士职业疲溃感,以便更好地适应全面二孩政策下产科的高负荷工作量。
Objective To explore the level of psychological empowerment and professional burnout among obstetric nurses in Guangdong province under two-child policy,to probe into the relationship between the two variables,and to provide theoretical references to ease obstetric nurses' job burnout. Methods A general information questionnaire,the Psychological Empowerment Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were used to survey 1154 obstetric nurses in Guangdong province. Results Obstetric nurses scored (45. 23 ± 6. 73) points in psychological empowerment,which was at the medium level; they scored (28. 08 ± 12. 42) points in emotional exhaustion, (9. 24 ± 7.47) points in depersonalization,and (34. 78 ± 8. 13) points in personal accomplishment. Obstetric nurses' psychological empowerment was negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion (r =-0. 357,P < 0. 01) and deperso-nalization (r =-0. 304,P < 0. 01),while positively correlated with personal accomplishment (r = 0. 458,P < 0. 01). Conclusion Obstetric nurses' psychological empowerment was at medium level,and they experienced moderate to high level of job burnout. Psychological empowerment was negatively correlated with levels of job burnout. Nursing managers can reduce job burnout levels by improving psychological empowerment level of obstetric nurses,in an effort to suit the context of mounting obstetric workload under two-child policy.
Objective To explore the level of psychological empowerment and professional burnout among obstetric nurses in Guangdong province under two-child policy,to probe into the relationship between the two variables,and to provide theoretical references to ease obstetric nurses' job burnout. Methods A general information questionnaire,the Psychological Empowerment Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) were used to survey 1154 obstetric nurses in Guangdong province. Results Obstetric nurses scored (45. 23 ± 6. 73) points in psychological empowerment,which was at the medium level; they scored (28. 08 ± 12. 42) points in emotional exhaustion, (9. 24 ± 7.47) points in depersonalization,and (34. 78 ± 8. 13) points in personal accomplishment. Obstetric nurses' psychological empowerment was negatively correlated with emotional exhaustion (r =-0. 357,P < 0. 01) and deperso-nalization (r =-0. 304,P < 0. 01),while positively correlated with personal accomplishment (r = 0. 458,P < 0. 01). Conclusion Obstetric nurses' psychological empowerment was at medium level,and they experienced moderate to high level of job burnout. Psychological empowerment was negatively correlated with levels of job burnout. Nursing managers can reduce job burnout levels by improving psychological empowerment level of obstetric nurses,in an effort to suit the context of mounting obstetric workload under two-child policy.
引文
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[16]李雪静,路潜,王泠.三级医院手术室专科护士工作压力及其与职业倦怠和组织承诺的相关性[J].护理学杂志,2018,33(13):1-4.
[17]Meng L,Liu Y,Liu H,et al.Relationships among structural empowerment,psychological empowerment,intent to stay and burnout in nursing field in mainland China-based on a cross-sectional questionnaire research[J].Int J Nurs Pract,2015,21(3):303-312.
[18]周喻,郎玉玲,程海蓉,等.临床护士职业疲溃感和心理授权的相关性研究[J].牡丹江医学院学报,2017,38(2):153-155.
[19]林霞.浙江省温岭市某医院女性护士心理授权对其工作投入的影响因素分析[J].医学与社会,2014,27(1):88-90.
[20]王卫红.湖南省三级医院聘用护士职业发展现状与对策研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2006.
[21]李泽楷,陈燕雅,尤黎明,等.护士职业生涯成功的现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学杂志,2017,32(6):64-67.
[2]杨婷,王芳,宋莉,等.“全面二孩”政策下产科床位需求与缺口测算[J].中国卫生政策研究,2016,9(2):59-64.
[3]郭志东,李绮薇,成守珍.全面二孩政策下某三级甲等医院护士生育意愿现状及影响因素[J].护理实践与研究,2017,14(19):98-100.
[4]陈淑芳,张晨,陈焱,等.基于“二胎”再育趋势的产科安全影响因素分析及对策探讨[J].上海交通大学学报(医学版),2016,36(5):742-746.
[5]Meng L,Jin Y,Guo J.Mediating and/or moderating roles of psychological empowerment[J].Applied Nurs Res,2016,30:104-110.
[6]Spreitzer G M.Psychological empowerment in the workplace:dimensions,measurement,and validation[J].J Acad Manage.1995,38(5):1442-1465.
[7]李超平,李晓轩,时勘,等.授权的测量及其与员工工作态度的关系冰[J].心理学报,2006,38(1):99-106.
[8]Maslach C,Schaufeli W B,Leiter M P.Job burnout[J].Annu Rev Psychol,2001,52(6):397-422.
[9]叶志弘,骆宏,姜安丽.杭州地区护士群体职业倦怠常模与诊断标准的研究[J].中华护理杂志,2008,43(3):207-209.
[10]李永鑫.三种人群工作疲溃感的比较研究:基于整合的视角[D].上海:华东师范大学,2005.
[11]吴奇云,冯世萍,曹清,等.苏州市15所医院助产士结构授权和心理授权的调查研究[J].中华护理杂志,2018,53(1):83-87.
[12]王宁,王钢,陆虹,等.我国助产士规范化培训考核标准方案的建立与实施[J].护理学杂志,2018,33(8):56-57,63.
[13]林燕芬.助产士工作沉浸感与工作疲溃感的相关性研究[J].齐鲁护理杂志,2016,22(12):64-65.
[14]荣国艳.肿瘤医院护士心理授权和工作疲溃感的相关性研究[J].护理管理杂志,2016,16(7):460-462.
[15]王新,黄美凌,李桂友,等.广州市13家医院助产人力资源现状与需求分析[J].中国护理管理,2017,17(1):17-21.
[16]李雪静,路潜,王泠.三级医院手术室专科护士工作压力及其与职业倦怠和组织承诺的相关性[J].护理学杂志,2018,33(13):1-4.
[17]Meng L,Liu Y,Liu H,et al.Relationships among structural empowerment,psychological empowerment,intent to stay and burnout in nursing field in mainland China-based on a cross-sectional questionnaire research[J].Int J Nurs Pract,2015,21(3):303-312.
[18]周喻,郎玉玲,程海蓉,等.临床护士职业疲溃感和心理授权的相关性研究[J].牡丹江医学院学报,2017,38(2):153-155.
[19]林霞.浙江省温岭市某医院女性护士心理授权对其工作投入的影响因素分析[J].医学与社会,2014,27(1):88-90.
[20]王卫红.湖南省三级医院聘用护士职业发展现状与对策研究[D].长沙:中南大学,2006.
[21]李泽楷,陈燕雅,尤黎明,等.护士职业生涯成功的现状及影响因素分析[J].护理学杂志,2017,32(6):64-67.