辽宁锡伯族五项舌运动类型
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摘要
目的 :研究辽宁锡伯族人群卷舌、叠舌、翻舌、尖舌、三叶舌5项舌运动类型特点,探讨锡伯族人群与其他族群的亲缘关系,为研究锡伯族群体遗传学积累资料。方法 :对辽宁沈阳新城子区234例(男为120例,女为114例)锡伯族学生5项舌运动类型进行研究。采用类间平均连锁法,对14个族群进行聚类分析,探讨族群间亲缘关系。结果 :辽宁锡伯族卷舌、叠舌、翻舌、尖舌、三叶舌运动类型出现率分别为96.58%、32.05%、51.28%、73.08%、3.84%,5项舌运动类型出现率性别间无差异。卷舌分别与翻舌、叠舌和尖舌,翻舌分别与叠舌和三叶舌,叠舌分别与尖舌和三叶舌基因间存在基因相互的关系。舌运动类型与国内民族比较,卷舌、翻舌、叠舌、尖舌构成比处于较高水平,三叶舌构成比处于较低水平。聚类分析结果表明,辽宁锡伯族的舌运动类型出现率与锦州汉族最为接近。结论 :辽宁锡伯族5项舌运动类型与国内族群舌运动相比,卷舌、翻舌、叠舌运动、尖舌类型运动能力较强,三叶舌类型运动能力比较弱,辽宁锡伯族与锦州汉族亲缘关系最近。
Objective : To study the characteristics of five tongue moving types,including rolling tongue,folding tongue,twisting tongue,pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue in Xibo nationality of Liaoning,to discuss the close relationship between Xibo and other ethnic groups,and to accumulate the data for population genetics in Xibo nationality. Methods : Chi-square criteria were made on data of five tongue moving types of 234 Xibo students(male : 120,female :114) in Liaoning. By means of average interclass linkage method,cluster analysis was carried out on14 ethnic groups to explore their relationships. Results : The frequencies of rolling tongue,twisting tongue,folding tongue,pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue were 96.58%,32.05%,51.28%,73.08% and 3.84%,respectively.No gender difference was found in the frequencies of five tongue moving types. The gene of rolling and twisting tongue had interactive relations with the folding and pointed tongue. The gene of twisting and folding tongue had interactive relations with the clover-leaf tongue. The gene of folding and pointed tongue had interactive relations with the cloverleaf tongue. Compared with other ethnic groups,Xibo nationality had the higher constituent ratio of rolling tongue,folding tongue,twisting tongue and pointed tongue and lower constituent ratio of clover-leaf tongue. The results of cluster analysis showed that the tongue moving types of Xibo had the closest relationship with Han people in Jinzhou.Conclusion : Compared with other ethnic groups,rolling tongue,folding tongue,twisting tongue and pointed tongue have higher potentials of tongue movement. The clover-leaf tongue has lower potentials of tongue movement. The Xibo people in Liaoning province are most closely related to Han people in Jinzhou.
Objective : To study the characteristics of five tongue moving types,including rolling tongue,folding tongue,twisting tongue,pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue in Xibo nationality of Liaoning,to discuss the close relationship between Xibo and other ethnic groups,and to accumulate the data for population genetics in Xibo nationality. Methods : Chi-square criteria were made on data of five tongue moving types of 234 Xibo students(male : 120,female :114) in Liaoning. By means of average interclass linkage method,cluster analysis was carried out on14 ethnic groups to explore their relationships. Results : The frequencies of rolling tongue,twisting tongue,folding tongue,pointed tongue and clover-leaf tongue were 96.58%,32.05%,51.28%,73.08% and 3.84%,respectively.No gender difference was found in the frequencies of five tongue moving types. The gene of rolling and twisting tongue had interactive relations with the folding and pointed tongue. The gene of twisting and folding tongue had interactive relations with the clover-leaf tongue. The gene of folding and pointed tongue had interactive relations with the cloverleaf tongue. Compared with other ethnic groups,Xibo nationality had the higher constituent ratio of rolling tongue,folding tongue,twisting tongue and pointed tongue and lower constituent ratio of clover-leaf tongue. The results of cluster analysis showed that the tongue moving types of Xibo had the closest relationship with Han people in Jinzhou.Conclusion : Compared with other ethnic groups,rolling tongue,folding tongue,twisting tongue and pointed tongue have higher potentials of tongue movement. The clover-leaf tongue has lower potentials of tongue movement. The Xibo people in Liaoning province are most closely related to Han people in Jinzhou.
引文
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[6]张威,孙中芙,刘健,等.辽宁锡伯族和汉族两种舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].解剖科学进展,2005,11(2):120-121.
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[13]金丹,宇克莉,郑连斌,等.舌运动类型研究[J].南京师范大学学报,2017,40(2):103-106.
[14]包金萍,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.西双版纳傣族5项舌运动类型[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,36(1):62-66.
[15]齐晓琳,宇克莉,郑连斌,等.屯堡人5项舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].安徽师范大学学报:自然科学版,2013,36(4):361-366.
[16]董文静,宇克莉,郑连斌,等.白马人和羌族5项舌运动类型的研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,36(4):70-76.
[17]贾亚兰,张兴华,宇克莉,等.四川省尔苏人与木雅人5项舌运动类型的人类学分析[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,36(5):70-75.
[18]旺庆,李咏兰.云南呈贡地区汉族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].南京师大学学报:自然科学版,2016,39(2):84-89.
[19]贾亚兰,张兴华,宇克莉,等.空格人与八甲人5项舌运动类型的人类学分析[J].南京师大学报:自然科学版,2018,41(1):102-107.
[20]刘璐,李咏兰.鄂尔多斯蒙古族5项舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].江西师大学学报:自然科学版,2016,40(2):190-193.
[21]刘海萍,陆舜华,郑连斌,等.云南蒙古族舌运动类型的研究[J].内蒙古师范大学学报:自然科学版,2007,36(3):354-357.
[22]刘冀,刘伟,尹爱华,等.河北回族舌运动类型的研究[J].生物学通报,2011,46(4):13-14.
[23]范迎,徐国昌,席焕久,等.河南汉族5项舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].重庆医学,2013,42(7):788-792.
[2]丁博,郑连斌,陆舜华,等.仫佬族5项舌运动类型的研究[J].天津农学院学报,2008,15(2):20-23.
[3]刘冀,刘伟,尹爱华,等.河北回族舌运动类型的研究[J].生物学通报,2011,46(40):13-14.
[4]廖颖,黎霞,张技,等.四川凉山彝族舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].生物学通报,2011,46(5):3-6.
[5]皮建辉,雷鸣之,吴亿中,等.湖南2个民族舌运动类型的研究[J].生物学通报,2006,41(6):18-19.
[6]张威,孙中芙,刘健,等.辽宁锡伯族和汉族两种舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].解剖科学进展,2005,11(2):120-121.
[7]Urbanowski A,Wilson J.Tongue curling[J].J Hered,1947,38(12):356-366.
[8]HSU T C.Tongue upfolding[J].J Hered,1948,39(6):186-188.
[9]李玉玲,陆舜华,郑连斌,等.三种舌运动类型遗传方式的研究[J].遗传,2003,25(5):552-554.
[10]WHITNEY D D.Clover-leaf tongues[J].J Hered,1950,41(7):176.
[11]李文慧,席焕久,任甫,等.辽宁锦州汉族5项舌运动类型[J].解剖学杂志,2012,35(6):813-816.
[12]胡慧媛,李咏兰,郑连斌,等.摩梭人5项舌运动的类型[J].解剖学杂志,2015,38(4):473-476.
[13]金丹,宇克莉,郑连斌,等.舌运动类型研究[J].南京师范大学学报,2017,40(2):103-106.
[14]包金萍,郑连斌,宇克莉,等.西双版纳傣族5项舌运动类型[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,36(1):62-66.
[15]齐晓琳,宇克莉,郑连斌,等.屯堡人5项舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].安徽师范大学学报:自然科学版,2013,36(4):361-366.
[16]董文静,宇克莉,郑连斌,等.白马人和羌族5项舌运动类型的研究[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,36(4):70-76.
[17]贾亚兰,张兴华,宇克莉,等.四川省尔苏人与木雅人5项舌运动类型的人类学分析[J].天津师范大学学报:自然科学版,2016,36(5):70-75.
[18]旺庆,李咏兰.云南呈贡地区汉族舌运动类型的遗传学研究[J].南京师大学学报:自然科学版,2016,39(2):84-89.
[19]贾亚兰,张兴华,宇克莉,等.空格人与八甲人5项舌运动类型的人类学分析[J].南京师大学报:自然科学版,2018,41(1):102-107.
[20]刘璐,李咏兰.鄂尔多斯蒙古族5项舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].江西师大学学报:自然科学版,2016,40(2):190-193.
[21]刘海萍,陆舜华,郑连斌,等.云南蒙古族舌运动类型的研究[J].内蒙古师范大学学报:自然科学版,2007,36(3):354-357.
[22]刘冀,刘伟,尹爱华,等.河北回族舌运动类型的研究[J].生物学通报,2011,46(4):13-14.
[23]范迎,徐国昌,席焕久,等.河南汉族5项舌运动类型的人类学研究[J].重庆医学,2013,42(7):788-792.