基于超声波的淡水冰力学性能参数研究
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摘要
针对我国内陆北方水库湖泊的冬季冰对岸的侵蚀破坏现象,需对湖冰的冰力学性质进行深入研究。该研究采用非线性高能超声波测试系统对淡水冰样进行测量,分析淡水冰状态逐渐降温过程和淡水冰状态逐渐升温过程,超声横波波速,超声纵波波速,淡水冰力学性能参数在不同温度下变化规律。淡水冰样温度从0℃降为–30℃过程中,超声波横波波速,纵波波速和冰样力学性能参数,包括杨氏模量,剪切模量,体积模量,均随着温度的降低而增大。研究结果表明,淡水冰样温度从–30℃升为0℃过程的各参数变化规律,与冰样温度从0℃变化为–30℃过程一致,且同一温度下,两个过程数值接近。
In view of the erosion and destruction of ice to shore in northern China's lakes, the ice mechanics properties of lake ice must be further studied. In the study, a non-linear high-energy ultrasonic testing system was used to measure freshwater ice samples. The gradual cooling process of pure ice and the gradual heating of the freshwater ice were analyzed. The specific content includes the ultrasonic wave velocity, ultrasonic wave velocity, and how the freshwater ice mechanical properties changes with variations of temperature. When the freshwater ice sample temperature is reduced from 0 ℃ to –30 ℃, the ultrasonic wave velocity, longitudinal wave velocity, and mechanical properties of the ice sample, including Young's modulus, shear modulus, and bulk modulus are increased. The change of parameters of freshwater ice sample temperature from –30 ℃ to 0 ℃is consistent with the change of the ice sample temperature from 0 ℃ to –30 ℃. For the same temperature, the two process values are close.
In view of the erosion and destruction of ice to shore in northern China's lakes, the ice mechanics properties of lake ice must be further studied. In the study, a non-linear high-energy ultrasonic testing system was used to measure freshwater ice samples. The gradual cooling process of pure ice and the gradual heating of the freshwater ice were analyzed. The specific content includes the ultrasonic wave velocity, ultrasonic wave velocity, and how the freshwater ice mechanical properties changes with variations of temperature. When the freshwater ice sample temperature is reduced from 0 ℃ to –30 ℃, the ultrasonic wave velocity, longitudinal wave velocity, and mechanical properties of the ice sample, including Young's modulus, shear modulus, and bulk modulus are increased. The change of parameters of freshwater ice sample temperature from –30 ℃ to 0 ℃is consistent with the change of the ice sample temperature from 0 ℃ to –30 ℃. For the same temperature, the two process values are close.
引文
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[14]马浪,郭建中,刘波.软组织超声散射子频率特性的研究,2011,33(5):761-766.
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[17]华志恒,周晓军,李凌.碳纤维复合材料对超声衰减的频域分析[J].复合材料学报,2006,23(2):123-128.
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[19]王思敬,唐大荣,杨志法,等.声波技术在工程岩体测试中的初步应用[J].地质科学,1974(3):269-282.
[20]郭耀,李刚,贾成艳,等.冰力学参数的超声波测试研究[J].极地研究,2016,28(1):152-157.
[21]于天来,袁正国,黄美兰.河冰力学性能试验研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2009,28(6):937-940.
[22]郭颍奎,孟闻远.冰的力学性能试验研究[J].华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版),2015,36(3):40-43.
[23]王建康,曹晓卫,王庆凯,等.冰层弯曲强度和弹性模量与等效冰温的试验关系[J].南水北调与水利科技,2016,14(6):75-80.
[2]GOW A J,UEDA H T,RICARD J A.Flexural strength of ice on temperate lakes:comparative tests of large cantilever and simply supported beams[R].CRREL Report,1978.
[3]GOW A J,UEDA H T,RICARD J A.Structure and temperature dependence of the flexural properties of laboratory freshwater ice sheets[J].Gold Regions Science and Technology,1989,16(3):249-270.
[4]DALEY C,TUHKURI J,RISKA K.The role of discrete failures in local ice loads[J].Cold Regions Science and Technology,1998,27(3):197-211.
[5]李志军,DEVINDER S S,卢鹏.渤海海冰工程设计参数分布[J].工程力学,2006,23(6):167-172.
[6]李志军,吴紫汪,高树刚,等.渤海连续冰层关键力学参数预报模式[J].大连理工大学学报,2003,43(2):238-242.
[7]张明元,邵春财.海冰的物化性质[J].海洋科技资料,1981(5):38-45.
[8]张明元,杨国金.辽东湾北岸海冰物理力学性质[J].中国海上油气:工程,1999,11(4):13-20.
[9]王金峰,于天来,黄美兰.河冰单轴无侧限抗压强度的试验研究[J].低温建筑技术,2007(1):11-13.
[10]孙伟国.关于冰的抗压强度标准值的讨论[J].低温建筑技术,2009(5):19-20.
[11]于天来,张元,雷俊卿,等.春季流冰对桥墩产生动冰压力时冰抗压强度取值探讨[J].中外公路,2010,30(3):168-171.
[12]陆钦年,汤爱平,钟南萍.河冰对桥墩作用的冰荷载计算方法(Ⅰ)--河冰的力学性能试验[J].自然灾害学报,2002,11(2):75-79.
[13]王浩全,韩焱,曾光宇.非金属复合材料超声波衰减系数测定研究[J].测试技术学报,2002,16(4):249-251.
[14]马浪,郭建中,刘波.软组织超声散射子频率特性的研究,2011,33(5):761-766.
[15]李军文,桃野正,付莹.超声波功率对铸锭内的气孔及组织细化的影响[J].铸造,2007,56(2):152-157.
[16]张翔,陈军,林莉,等.复合材料孔隙形貌特征对超声波散射衰减影响的分析[J].中国机械工,2002,21(14):1735-1745.
[17]华志恒,周晓军,李凌.碳纤维复合材料对超声衰减的频域分析[J].复合材料学报,2006,23(2):123-128.
[18]李生杰.孔隙介质超声波衰减实验与分析[J].湖南理工学院学报,2011,24(3):70-74.
[19]王思敬,唐大荣,杨志法,等.声波技术在工程岩体测试中的初步应用[J].地质科学,1974(3):269-282.
[20]郭耀,李刚,贾成艳,等.冰力学参数的超声波测试研究[J].极地研究,2016,28(1):152-157.
[21]于天来,袁正国,黄美兰.河冰力学性能试验研究[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2009,28(6):937-940.
[22]郭颍奎,孟闻远.冰的力学性能试验研究[J].华北水利水电大学学报(自然科学版),2015,36(3):40-43.
[23]王建康,曹晓卫,王庆凯,等.冰层弯曲强度和弹性模量与等效冰温的试验关系[J].南水北调与水利科技,2016,14(6):75-80.