家族企业网络强度、国际市场知识与国际化绩效——基于“一带一路”沿线省份家族企业的实证分析
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摘要
文章研究了家族企业网络强度对国际化绩效的影响,探讨了国际市场知识在网络强度与国际化绩效之间的中介作用以及家族控制、东道国环境宽松性在网络强度与国际市场知识之间的调节作用。文章利用中国"一带一路"沿线8省市家族企业问卷调查数据实证检验发现:家族企业网络强度对国际化绩效有显著正向影响,国际市场知识在网络强度与国际化绩效之间起部分中介作用;家族控制负向调节网络强度与国际市场知识关系,即随着家族控制意愿的增强,网络强度对国际市场知识获取的影响减小;东道国环境宽松性正向调节网络强度与国际市场知识关系,即随着东道国环境宽松性的提高,网络强度对国际市场知识获取的影响增大。
This paper aims to explore the effect of network intensity on international performance in family firms,also to exam?ine the mediating role of international market knowledge in the relationship between network intensity and international perfor?mance,and the moderating roles of family control and host country environment munificence in the relationship between net?work intensity and international market knowledge. Based on the survey data of family firms in eight provincial-level adminis?trative areas along the"One Belt and One Road",the paper makes an empirical test and finds that: Network intensity has a sig?nificant positive effect on international performance,and international market knowledge partially mediates the relationship be?tween network intensity and international performance in family firms;The effect of network intensity on international market knowledge is negatively moderated by family control. That is,network intensity will have a less effect on international market knowledge as family control increases;The effect of network intensity on international market knowledge is positively moderat?ed by host country environment munificence. That is,network intensity will have a more intense effect on international market knowledge as host country environment munificence increases.
This paper aims to explore the effect of network intensity on international performance in family firms,also to exam?ine the mediating role of international market knowledge in the relationship between network intensity and international perfor?mance,and the moderating roles of family control and host country environment munificence in the relationship between net?work intensity and international market knowledge. Based on the survey data of family firms in eight provincial-level adminis?trative areas along the"One Belt and One Road",the paper makes an empirical test and finds that: Network intensity has a sig?nificant positive effect on international performance,and international market knowledge partially mediates the relationship be?tween network intensity and international performance in family firms;The effect of network intensity on international market knowledge is negatively moderated by family control. That is,network intensity will have a less effect on international market knowledge as family control increases;The effect of network intensity on international market knowledge is positively moderat?ed by host country environment munificence. That is,network intensity will have a more intense effect on international market knowledge as host country environment munificence increases.
引文
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[2]SENIK Z C,SCOTT-LADD B,ENTREKIN L,et al.Networking and Internationalization of SMEs in Emerging Economies[J].Journal of International entrepreneurship,2011,9(4):259-281.
[3]ZHOU L X,WU W P,LUO X M.Internationalization and the Performance of Born-Global SMEs:The Mediating Role of Social Networks[J].Journal of International Business Studies,2007,38(4):673-690.
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[6]GRAVES C,THOMAS J.Internationalization of Australian Family Businesses:A Managerial Capabilities Perspective[J].Family Business Review,2006,19(3):207-224.
[7]PUKALL T J,CALABRO A.The Internationalization of Family Firms:A Critical Review and Integrative Model[J].Family Business Review,2014,27(2):103-125.
[8]ACQUAAH M.Social Networking Relationships,Firm-Specific Managerial Experience and Firm Performance in a Transition Economy:A Comparative Analysis of Family Owned and Nonfamily Firms[J].Strategic Management Journal,2012,33(10):1215-1228.
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[12]KONTINEN T,OJALA A.Network Ties in the International Opportunity Recognition of Family SMEs[J].International Business Review,2011,20(4):440-453.
[13]BRYDON K,DANA L P.Globalisation and Firm Structure:Comparing a Family-Business and a Corporate Block Holder in the New Zealand Seafood Industry[J].International Journal of Globalisation and Small Business,2011,4(2):206-220.
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[15]CESINGER B,HUGHES M,MENSCHING H,et al.A Socioemotional Wealth Perspective on How Collaboration Intensity,Trust,and International Market Knowledge Affect Family Firms’Multinationality[J].Journal of World Business,2016,51(4):586-599.
[16]ARREGLE J L,NALDI L,NORDQVIST M,et al.Internationalization of Family-Controlled Firms:A Study of the Effects of External Involvement in Governance[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2012,36(6):1115-1143.
[17]CHIRICO F,SALVATO C.Knowledge Integration and Dynamic Organizational Adaptation in Family Firms[J].Family Business Review,2008,21(2):169-181.
[18]GOMEZ-MEJIA L R,MAKRI M,KINTANA M L.Diversification Decisions in Family-Controlled Firms[J].Journal of Management Studies,2010,47(2):223-252.
[19]JOHANSON J,VVHLNE J E.The Uppsala Internationalization Process Model Revisited:From Liability of Foreignness to Liability of Outsidership[J].Journal of International Business Studies,2009,40(9):1411-1431.
[20]WRIGHT M,FILATOTCHEV I,HOSKISSON R E,et al.Strategy Research in Emerging Economies:Challenging the Conventional Wisdom[J].Journal of Management Studies,2005,42(1):1-33.
[21]GOMEZ-MEJIA L R,HAYNES K T,NUNEZ-NICKEL M,et al.Socioemotional Wealth and Business Risks in Family-Controlled Firms:Evidence from Spanish Olive Oil Mills[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,2007,52(1):106-137.
[22]CLASSEN N,GILS A V,BAMMENS Y,et al.Accessing Resources from Innovation Partners:The Search Breadth of Family SMEs[J].Journal of Small Business Management,2012,50(2):191-215.
[23]GRANVETTER M.The Strength of Weak Ties[J].American Journal of Sociology,1973,78:1360-1380.
[24]GRANT R M.Toward a Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm[J].Strategic Management Journal,1996,17(S2):109-122.
[25]苏晓艳.社会资本、国际市场知识与新创企业国际化绩效[J].国际商务:对外经济贸易大学学报,2013(3):90-100.
[26]VEMEULEN F,BARKEMA H.Pace,Rhythm,and Scope:Process Dependence in Building a Profitable Multinational Corporation[J].Strategic Management Journal,2002,23(7):637-653.
[27]DESS G,BEARD D.Dimensions of Organizational Task Environments[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1984,29(1):52-78.
[28]LUMPKIN G T,DESS G G.Linking Two Dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation to Firm Performance:The Moderating Role of Environment and Industry Life Cycle[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2001,16(5):414-435.
[29]ZAHRA A S,GARVIS D.International Corporate Entrepreneurship and Firm Performance:The Moderating Effect of International Environmental Hostility[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2000,69(15):469-492.
[30]BERRONE P,CRUZ C,GOMEZ-MEJIA L R.Socioemotional Wealth in Family Firms:Theoretical Dimensions,Assessment Approaches and Agenda for Future Research[J].Family Business Review,2012,25(3):298-317.
[31]DEBICKI B J.Socioemotional Wealth and Family Firm Internationalization:The Moderating Effect of Environmental Munificence[D].Mississippi:Mississippi State University,2012.
[32]温忠麟,张雷,侯杰泰.有中介的调节变量和有调节的中介变量[J].心理学报,2006,38(3):448-452.
[33]BARON R M,KENNY D A.The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research:Conceptual,Strategic,and Statistical Considerations[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1986,21(2):1173-1182.
[34]潘镇,金中坤.双边政治关系、东道国制度风险与中国对外投资[J].财贸经济,2015(6):85-97.
[35]GONZALEZ-BENITO O,GONZALEZ-BENITO J,MU-NOZ-GALLEGO P A.On the Consequences of Market Orientation across Varied Environmental Dynamism and Competitive Intensity Levels[J].Journal of Small Business Management,2014,52(1):1-21.
[2]SENIK Z C,SCOTT-LADD B,ENTREKIN L,et al.Networking and Internationalization of SMEs in Emerging Economies[J].Journal of International entrepreneurship,2011,9(4):259-281.
[3]ZHOU L X,WU W P,LUO X M.Internationalization and the Performance of Born-Global SMEs:The Mediating Role of Social Networks[J].Journal of International Business Studies,2007,38(4):673-690.
[4]黄中伟,游锡火.社会网络、组织合法性与中国企业国际化绩效[J].经济管理,2010(8):38-48.
[5]FERNANDEZ Z,NIETO M J.Internationalization Strategy of Small and Medium-Sized Family Business:Some Influential Factors[J].Family Business Review,2005,18(1):77-89.
[6]GRAVES C,THOMAS J.Internationalization of Australian Family Businesses:A Managerial Capabilities Perspective[J].Family Business Review,2006,19(3):207-224.
[7]PUKALL T J,CALABRO A.The Internationalization of Family Firms:A Critical Review and Integrative Model[J].Family Business Review,2014,27(2):103-125.
[8]ACQUAAH M.Social Networking Relationships,Firm-Specific Managerial Experience and Firm Performance in a Transition Economy:A Comparative Analysis of Family Owned and Nonfamily Firms[J].Strategic Management Journal,2012,33(10):1215-1228.
[9]XIN R,PEARCE J L.Guanxi:Connection as Substitutes for Formal Institutional Support[J].Academy of Management Journal,1996,39(6):1641-1658.
[10]GOMEZ-MEJIA L R,CRUZ C,BERRONE P,et al.The Bind That Ties:Socioemotional Wealth Preservation in Family Firms[J].Academy of Management Annals,2011,5(1):653-707.
[11]ARREGLE J L,HITT M,SIRMON D,et al.The Development of Organizational Social Capital:Attributes of Family Firms[J].Journal of Management Studies,2007,44(1):73-95.
[12]KONTINEN T,OJALA A.Network Ties in the International Opportunity Recognition of Family SMEs[J].International Business Review,2011,20(4):440-453.
[13]BRYDON K,DANA L P.Globalisation and Firm Structure:Comparing a Family-Business and a Corporate Block Holder in the New Zealand Seafood Industry[J].International Journal of Globalisation and Small Business,2011,4(2):206-220.
[14]BASLY S.The Internationalization of Family SME:An Organizational Learning and Knowledge Development Perspective[J].Baltic Journal of Management,2007,2(2):154-180.
[15]CESINGER B,HUGHES M,MENSCHING H,et al.A Socioemotional Wealth Perspective on How Collaboration Intensity,Trust,and International Market Knowledge Affect Family Firms’Multinationality[J].Journal of World Business,2016,51(4):586-599.
[16]ARREGLE J L,NALDI L,NORDQVIST M,et al.Internationalization of Family-Controlled Firms:A Study of the Effects of External Involvement in Governance[J].Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,2012,36(6):1115-1143.
[17]CHIRICO F,SALVATO C.Knowledge Integration and Dynamic Organizational Adaptation in Family Firms[J].Family Business Review,2008,21(2):169-181.
[18]GOMEZ-MEJIA L R,MAKRI M,KINTANA M L.Diversification Decisions in Family-Controlled Firms[J].Journal of Management Studies,2010,47(2):223-252.
[19]JOHANSON J,VVHLNE J E.The Uppsala Internationalization Process Model Revisited:From Liability of Foreignness to Liability of Outsidership[J].Journal of International Business Studies,2009,40(9):1411-1431.
[20]WRIGHT M,FILATOTCHEV I,HOSKISSON R E,et al.Strategy Research in Emerging Economies:Challenging the Conventional Wisdom[J].Journal of Management Studies,2005,42(1):1-33.
[21]GOMEZ-MEJIA L R,HAYNES K T,NUNEZ-NICKEL M,et al.Socioemotional Wealth and Business Risks in Family-Controlled Firms:Evidence from Spanish Olive Oil Mills[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,2007,52(1):106-137.
[22]CLASSEN N,GILS A V,BAMMENS Y,et al.Accessing Resources from Innovation Partners:The Search Breadth of Family SMEs[J].Journal of Small Business Management,2012,50(2):191-215.
[23]GRANVETTER M.The Strength of Weak Ties[J].American Journal of Sociology,1973,78:1360-1380.
[24]GRANT R M.Toward a Knowledge-Based Theory of the Firm[J].Strategic Management Journal,1996,17(S2):109-122.
[25]苏晓艳.社会资本、国际市场知识与新创企业国际化绩效[J].国际商务:对外经济贸易大学学报,2013(3):90-100.
[26]VEMEULEN F,BARKEMA H.Pace,Rhythm,and Scope:Process Dependence in Building a Profitable Multinational Corporation[J].Strategic Management Journal,2002,23(7):637-653.
[27]DESS G,BEARD D.Dimensions of Organizational Task Environments[J].Administrative Science Quarterly,1984,29(1):52-78.
[28]LUMPKIN G T,DESS G G.Linking Two Dimensions of Entrepreneurial Orientation to Firm Performance:The Moderating Role of Environment and Industry Life Cycle[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2001,16(5):414-435.
[29]ZAHRA A S,GARVIS D.International Corporate Entrepreneurship and Firm Performance:The Moderating Effect of International Environmental Hostility[J].Journal of Business Venturing,2000,69(15):469-492.
[30]BERRONE P,CRUZ C,GOMEZ-MEJIA L R.Socioemotional Wealth in Family Firms:Theoretical Dimensions,Assessment Approaches and Agenda for Future Research[J].Family Business Review,2012,25(3):298-317.
[31]DEBICKI B J.Socioemotional Wealth and Family Firm Internationalization:The Moderating Effect of Environmental Munificence[D].Mississippi:Mississippi State University,2012.
[32]温忠麟,张雷,侯杰泰.有中介的调节变量和有调节的中介变量[J].心理学报,2006,38(3):448-452.
[33]BARON R M,KENNY D A.The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research:Conceptual,Strategic,and Statistical Considerations[J].Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1986,21(2):1173-1182.
[34]潘镇,金中坤.双边政治关系、东道国制度风险与中国对外投资[J].财贸经济,2015(6):85-97.
[35]GONZALEZ-BENITO O,GONZALEZ-BENITO J,MU-NOZ-GALLEGO P A.On the Consequences of Market Orientation across Varied Environmental Dynamism and Competitive Intensity Levels[J].Journal of Small Business Management,2014,52(1):1-21.