山西及邻区壳幔速度图像特征及其构造意义
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摘要
为了获取山西地区更为精细的壳幔速度结构,文中利用2014年山西断陷带及其邻区216个宽频带地震台站的垂直分量连续波形记录,通过波形互相关提取台站对间的经验格林函数,采用时频分析方法测量Rayleigh波的群速度和相速度频散曲线,反演得到研究区8～50s周期的Rayleigh波群速度和相速度分布图像。结果显示,研究区内成像水平分辨率在50km以内,部分周期可提高至40km。8～18s周期的相速度和10～22s周期的群速度分布与地表的地质构造特征较一致。18～30s周期的相速度、24～35s周期的群速度均明显反映了山西地区以38°N为界,分为南、北两区的现象,与山西南浅北深的莫霍面深部起伏特征及"南硬"、"北软"两大古老块体的缝合带在这一区域有关。30～50s周期的相速度分布存在NW向速度梯度带,其NE侧的低速异常可能与新生代火山活动有关。大同火山区18～45s周期的相速度和24～45s周期的群速度均呈现由浅及深的"喇叭口"状低速异常,反映了更精细的大同火山岩浆上涌通道。
In order to acquire a better velocity structure of the crustal and uppermost mantle beneath Shanxi area,we obtain the group and phase velocities of Rayleigh wave of the periods 8 s to 50 s in Shanxi and adjacent area using ambient seismic noise recorded at 216 broad-band stations. All available verticalcomponent time series for 2014 have been cross-correlated to yield estimates of empirical Rayleigh wave Green's function. Group and phase velocity dispersion curves for Rayleigh wave are measured for each interstation path by applying frequency-time analysis. It describes finer velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle in Shanxi,which reflects the geological structure characteristics at different depths. The resolution is within 50 km and the resolution of part periods can reach 40 km.The Rayleigh wave group and phase speed maps at short periods( 8 ～ 18 s and 10 ～ 22 s) show clear correlations with shallow geological structures. Mountain areas on both sides of Shanxi depression zone show apparent high-velocity anomaly,except for low-velocity anomaly in the Taiyuan Basin,Linfen-Yuncheng Basin and Weihe Basin. Especially,the areas of Youyu County-Pianguan County-Kelan County-Shuozhou City and Jingle County-Lishi District of Lüliang City in Lüliang Mountains,and Yu County-Fuping County-Yi County and Yangcheng County-Licheng County in Taihang Mountains,present higher velocity anomaly. In addition,the velocity is lowest in the Weihe Basin,and the amplitude of low velocity decreases gradually from the south to the north of the basins in Shanxi,which probably is related to the process of gradual stretching and development of the Shanxi rift zone from the southwest to the northeast. The obvious velocity difference across the latitude of 38°N exists at 18 ～ 30 s period of phase and 24 ～ 35 s period of group velocity maps,which is probably related to the deep and shallow Moho depth variation in the south and north of Shanxi and the suture zone of ancient blocks including"hard"southern block and"soft"northern block. At the same time,the research result of receiver function reveals that partial melting of the lower crust occurs in the northern Taihang Mountains,while the southern section remains stable( Poisson's ratio is above 0. 3 in the northern Taihang Mountains and 0. 25 ～ 0. 26 in the southern section). The phase velocity map at 30 ～ 50 s period clearly shows NW velocity gradient belt,and the low velocity anomaly in the northeast side may be related to Cenozoic volcanism. Meanwhile,the eastern border of Ordos block is the western faults of central basins in Shanxi depression zone. However,some research results indicate that the above border is Lishi Fault in the surface,inferring that the Ordos block shows a shape of wide in the upper and narrow in the lower part from the surface to deep. The Datong volcanic area at 18 ～ 45 s period of phase and 24 ～ 35 s period of group velocity maps shows low velocity of trumpet shape from shallow to deep,related to the upwelling of hot material from lower mantle in the Cenozoic causing a large area of intense magmatic activity. It indicates the more specific upwelling channel of Datong volcanoes simultaneously.
In order to acquire a better velocity structure of the crustal and uppermost mantle beneath Shanxi area,we obtain the group and phase velocities of Rayleigh wave of the periods 8 s to 50 s in Shanxi and adjacent area using ambient seismic noise recorded at 216 broad-band stations. All available verticalcomponent time series for 2014 have been cross-correlated to yield estimates of empirical Rayleigh wave Green's function. Group and phase velocity dispersion curves for Rayleigh wave are measured for each interstation path by applying frequency-time analysis. It describes finer velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle in Shanxi,which reflects the geological structure characteristics at different depths. The resolution is within 50 km and the resolution of part periods can reach 40 km.The Rayleigh wave group and phase speed maps at short periods( 8 ～ 18 s and 10 ～ 22 s) show clear correlations with shallow geological structures. Mountain areas on both sides of Shanxi depression zone show apparent high-velocity anomaly,except for low-velocity anomaly in the Taiyuan Basin,Linfen-Yuncheng Basin and Weihe Basin. Especially,the areas of Youyu County-Pianguan County-Kelan County-Shuozhou City and Jingle County-Lishi District of Lüliang City in Lüliang Mountains,and Yu County-Fuping County-Yi County and Yangcheng County-Licheng County in Taihang Mountains,present higher velocity anomaly. In addition,the velocity is lowest in the Weihe Basin,and the amplitude of low velocity decreases gradually from the south to the north of the basins in Shanxi,which probably is related to the process of gradual stretching and development of the Shanxi rift zone from the southwest to the northeast. The obvious velocity difference across the latitude of 38°N exists at 18 ～ 30 s period of phase and 24 ～ 35 s period of group velocity maps,which is probably related to the deep and shallow Moho depth variation in the south and north of Shanxi and the suture zone of ancient blocks including"hard"southern block and"soft"northern block. At the same time,the research result of receiver function reveals that partial melting of the lower crust occurs in the northern Taihang Mountains,while the southern section remains stable( Poisson's ratio is above 0. 3 in the northern Taihang Mountains and 0. 25 ～ 0. 26 in the southern section). The phase velocity map at 30 ～ 50 s period clearly shows NW velocity gradient belt,and the low velocity anomaly in the northeast side may be related to Cenozoic volcanism. Meanwhile,the eastern border of Ordos block is the western faults of central basins in Shanxi depression zone. However,some research results indicate that the above border is Lishi Fault in the surface,inferring that the Ordos block shows a shape of wide in the upper and narrow in the lower part from the surface to deep. The Datong volcanic area at 18 ～ 45 s period of phase and 24 ～ 35 s period of group velocity maps shows low velocity of trumpet shape from shallow to deep,related to the upwelling of hot material from lower mantle in the Cenozoic causing a large area of intense magmatic activity. It indicates the more specific upwelling channel of Datong volcanoes simultaneously.
引文
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