实现优质优价的国际经验及启示
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摘要
优质优价是发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用、实现高质量发展的根本路径。国际经验表明,优质优价机制的有效运行离不开良好的市场环境,特别是完备的质量分级、认证和标志制度,完善的市场营销渠道,以及通过行业协会来保障质量和减少恶性价格竞争。离不开正确的政策设计,包括重视质量、合理控制价格的招标方法和完善的配套措施。离不开完善的监管体系,包括因地制宜的组织模式,科学合理的监管方法,发挥第三方机构力量,信息公开和公众参与。借鉴国际经验,建议我国完善保障优质优价的政策设计,健全保障优质优价的市场机制,加强质量监管体系建设。
Good price for higher quality is a fundamental way of playing the decisive role of market for the allocation of resources and realizing high-quality development. International experience shows that the effective operation of good price for higher quality cannot be achieved without a good market environment, especially a proper quality classification, certification and labeling system, a sound marketing channel, and the guarantee of quality and the reduction of vicious price competition through trade association. Good price for higher quality cannot be achieved without correct policy design, including bidding method which emphasizes the quality and at the same time controls the price reasonably, as well as a set of sup-porting measures. Good price for higher quality cannot be achieved without a sound regulation system, including organization mode based on local conditions, scientific regulation methods, the participation of third-party institutions and the public, and the information disclosure. Drawing on in-ternational experience, it is suggested that, to realize good price for higher quality, China should improve the policy design and the market mecha-nism and strengthen quality regulation system.
Good price for higher quality is a fundamental way of playing the decisive role of market for the allocation of resources and realizing high-quality development. International experience shows that the effective operation of good price for higher quality cannot be achieved without a good market environment, especially a proper quality classification, certification and labeling system, a sound marketing channel, and the guarantee of quality and the reduction of vicious price competition through trade association. Good price for higher quality cannot be achieved without correct policy design, including bidding method which emphasizes the quality and at the same time controls the price reasonably, as well as a set of sup-porting measures. Good price for higher quality cannot be achieved without a sound regulation system, including organization mode based on local conditions, scientific regulation methods, the participation of third-party institutions and the public, and the information disclosure. Drawing on in-ternational experience, it is suggested that, to realize good price for higher quality, China should improve the policy design and the market mecha-nism and strengthen quality regulation system.
引文
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[2]王恕立,陈勇,屠文聪.关于招标投标在工程质量管理中的作用的思考———美国的经验与我国的实践[J].工业工程与管理,2002(6):56-58.
[3]张伟.欧洲承包商与政府部门之间的合作关系[J].辽宁交通科技,1995(3):44-49.
[4]王学军,丁树银.招投标中最低价中标法分析[J].中国港湾建设,2005(5).
[5]银红娟.我国有机食品产业竞争力影响因素研究[D].无锡:江南大学,2008.
[6] JEFFREY J. REIMER,LOWELL D. HILL. Designing U.S. corn grades to reflect end use value[J]. Journal of agricultural and applied economics, 2003.
[7]李翠霞,袁慎祥,王炜.国外有机食品企业开拓国际市场的经验与做法[J].北方经贸,2006(10):43-45.
[8]周适.成熟市场经济国家监管机构设置及启示[J].中国物价,2015(6):40-43.
[9]孙效敏.农产品质量安全监管问题研究[J].政府法制研究,2014(6).
[10]周适.“基于规则的管制”与“基于合同的管制”[J].中国物价,2014(11):33-36.