耕地经营规模对农户亲环境行为的影响
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摘要
本文根据农户亲环境行为实施的动态优化模型理论分析了耕地经营规模对农户亲环境行为实施的可能影响,并利用山东省549户农户1417块地块的样本数据,运用Oprobit模型和Probit模型,从家庭层面和地块层面分别实证检验了耕地经营总规模和地块经营规模对农户亲环境行为实施的影响及其差异,以期为制定治理农业面源污染、提升农业可持续发展能力等相关政策提供科学依据。研究结果表明:农户耕地经营总规模和地块经营规模与农户总体亲环境行为实施之间均存在稳健的倒"U"型关系;但上述关系因地块属性不同而呈现差异,自家地的地块经营规模与农户总体亲环境行为实施呈倒"U"型关系;而转入地的地块经营规模与农户总体亲环境行为实施呈"U"型关系。最后,提出政府应积极推进农地流转,促使农户耕地连片规模经营中应注意其适度性,以及加强规范农地流转程序和管理等建议。
The purpose of this study was to analyze the possible impact of farmland scale on farmers' pro-environmental behavior based on the dynamic optimization model, to empirically test the impact of total farmland scale and plot size on farmers' pro-environmental behavior using the data of 549 households and 1417 plots in Shandong Province, and to explore measures for the treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution and the improvement of agricultural sustainable development capacity. The Oprobit model and the Probit model were employed in this study. The results show that total farmland scale has a steady inverted"U"relationship with farmers' overall pro-environmental behavior. Plot size also has a steady inverted"U"relationship with farmers' overall pro-environmental behavior. For the contracted plots, the relationship between plot size and farmers' overall pro-environmental behavior is an inverted"U"type, but a"U"type is observed for the rented-in plots. In conclusion, we should pay close attention to the speed and scale of cultivated land consolidation, and standardize the procedures and management of farmland transfer.
The purpose of this study was to analyze the possible impact of farmland scale on farmers' pro-environmental behavior based on the dynamic optimization model, to empirically test the impact of total farmland scale and plot size on farmers' pro-environmental behavior using the data of 549 households and 1417 plots in Shandong Province, and to explore measures for the treatment of agricultural non-point source pollution and the improvement of agricultural sustainable development capacity. The Oprobit model and the Probit model were employed in this study. The results show that total farmland scale has a steady inverted"U"relationship with farmers' overall pro-environmental behavior. Plot size also has a steady inverted"U"relationship with farmers' overall pro-environmental behavior. For the contracted plots, the relationship between plot size and farmers' overall pro-environmental behavior is an inverted"U"type, but a"U"type is observed for the rented-in plots. In conclusion, we should pay close attention to the speed and scale of cultivated land consolidation, and standardize the procedures and management of farmland transfer.
引文
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1)数据来源:http://www.tuliu.com/data/nationalProgress.html
2)非农劳动力占比,参照钱忠好等的做法[43],通过家庭标准化非农就业人数[标准化非农就业人数=(一年内非农就业10个月以上人数)×1)+(一年内非农就业7~9个月以上人数)×0.75)+(一年内非农就业4~6个月以上人数)×0.5)+(一年内非农就业3个月以下人数)×0.25)]占家庭劳动力比重来表征。
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[8]占辉斌,胡庆龙.农地规模、市场激励与农户施肥行为[J].农业技术经济,2017,(11):72-79.[Zhan H B,Hu Q L.Agricultural land scale,market incentives and farmers’fertilization behavior[J].Journal of Agrotechnical Economics,2017,(11):72-79.]
[9]黄凌翔,郝建民,卢静.农村土地规模化经营的模式、困境与路径[J].地域研究与开发,2016,35(5):138-142.[Huang L X,Hao JM,Lu J.Model,dilemma and path of rural farmland formula management[J].Areal Research and Development,2016,35(5):138-142.]
[10]田云,张俊飚,何可,等.农户农业低碳生产行为及其影响因素分析:以化肥施用和农药使用为例[J].中国农村观察,2015,(4):61-70.[Tian Y,Zhang J B,He K,et al.Analysis on farmers’low carbon production behavior and its influence factors in agriculture:Taking chemical fertilizer application and pesticide use as examples[J].China Rural Survey,2015,(4):61-70.]
[11]马才学,金莹,柯新利,等.基于STIRPAT模型的农户农药化肥施用行为研究:以武汉市城乡结合部为例[J].资源开发与市场,2018,34(1):1-5.[Ma C X,Jin Y,Ke X L,et al.Pesticide and fertilizer application behavior of farmers based on STIRPAT model:A case study in Wuhan peri-urban area[J].Resource Development&Market,2018,34(1):1-5.]
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1)数据来源:http://www.tuliu.com/data/nationalProgress.html
2)非农劳动力占比,参照钱忠好等的做法[43],通过家庭标准化非农就业人数[标准化非农就业人数=(一年内非农就业10个月以上人数)×1)+(一年内非农就业7~9个月以上人数)×0.75)+(一年内非农就业4~6个月以上人数)×0.5)+(一年内非农就业3个月以下人数)×0.25)]占家庭劳动力比重来表征。