三江平原地区农业活动对相邻湿地的干扰范围
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摘要
农业活动作为三江平原湿地的主要干扰方式,通过施肥、排水等对相邻湿地生态系统结构和功能产生影响。以物种多样性指数为依据,分析农业活动对相邻湿地的干扰范围。研究结果表明,相邻湿地内物种多样性沿农田边缘至湿地中心方向呈先降低后增加的趋势,在40～44 m时,多样性指数趋于稳定。α多样性指数半方差值随间隔距离的变化符合球状理论模型变化趋势,农业活动对相邻湿地的干扰范围为21～33 m。
Agricultural activities,as the main disturbance mode of Sanjiang plain,affect the ecosystem structure and function of adjacent wetland through fertilization,and drainage. Based on the species diversity index analyzed the disturbance range of agricultural activities on the adjacent wetlands,the results show that the species diversity in adjacent wetlands decreased first and then increased along the direction from farmland edge to wetland center,and the diversity index showed a stable trend at 40 ～ 44 m. The variation of diversity index semi variance with the change of spacing distance conforms to the variation trend of spherical theoretical model,and the disturbance range of agricultural activities to adjacent wetlands is 21 ～ 33 m.
Agricultural activities,as the main disturbance mode of Sanjiang plain,affect the ecosystem structure and function of adjacent wetland through fertilization,and drainage. Based on the species diversity index analyzed the disturbance range of agricultural activities on the adjacent wetlands,the results show that the species diversity in adjacent wetlands decreased first and then increased along the direction from farmland edge to wetland center,and the diversity index showed a stable trend at 40 ～ 44 m. The variation of diversity index semi variance with the change of spacing distance conforms to the variation trend of spherical theoretical model,and the disturbance range of agricultural activities to adjacent wetlands is 21 ～ 33 m.
引文
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[2]刘吉平,梁晨,马长迪﹒孤立湿地功能研究进展[J].地理科学,2018,38(08):1357-1363.
[3] Patrick Comer and Kathy Goodin. Biodiversity at risk in isolated wetlands[J]. National Wetlands Newsletter,2006,28(02):6-8.
[4]孙忠林﹒三江平原沼泽湿地斑块群落植物多样性研究[D].长春:东北师范大学,2006.
[5] Raymond D.,Semlitsch,J. Russell Bodie. Are small,isolated wetlands expendable[J]. Conservation Biology,1998,12(05):1129-1133.
[6]韩大勇,杨永兴,杨杨,等﹒湿地退化研究进展[J].生态学报,2012,32(04):1293-1307.
[7]常守志,王宗明,宋开山,等﹒三江平原土地利用/覆被变化对区域植被碳储量的影响[J].生态科学,2010,29(03):207-214.
[8]韩明浩,刘赢男,周丹,等﹒农业活动对三江平原湿地主要植物种群生态位的影响[J].植物研究,2017,37(03):461-467.