大采高采场周期来压顶板结构稳定性及动载效应分析
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摘要
为提高大采高采场围岩控制效果,采用相似模拟、理论分析及现场实测手段对顶板结构稳定性及动载冲击效应产生机理进行了研究。结果表明:大采高采场初次来压、周期来压期间基本顶形成类似的静定三铰拱结构,结构失稳后,对工作面支架产生影响的岩层范围增加,引发采场来压和顶板动载冲击现象;得到周期来压期间基本顶结构的极限承载能力、回转失稳极限位置、滑落失稳危险点及失稳发生条件;根据能量守恒和动量定理推导出基本顶结构不同失稳类型条件下冲击用时和冲击作用力的解析表达式,揭示了动载效应产生机理,并对8101工作面动载冲击现象进行了分析。
To improve the control effect of surrounding rocks in similar stopes, analog simulation, theoretical analysis and field measurements have been carried out to analyze roof structure stability and the mechanism of dynamic load impact generated. The results have shown that similar static three-hinged arches will form in main roof structures during first and periodic weightings; the instability of the structure will lead to the increase of roof scope which affects the support in the working face and causes weighting phenomenon or even dynamic load of the main roof. The ultimate bearing capacity of the structure, limit position of rotation instability, the risky point of sliding instability, and the conditions for structure instability have been obtained. According to energy conservation principle and momentum theorem, the analytical expression of impact time and impact force under different instability types has been deduced, explaining the mechanism of dynamic load. At last, dynamic load shock phenomenon in mining face 8101 has been analyzed.
To improve the control effect of surrounding rocks in similar stopes, analog simulation, theoretical analysis and field measurements have been carried out to analyze roof structure stability and the mechanism of dynamic load impact generated. The results have shown that similar static three-hinged arches will form in main roof structures during first and periodic weightings; the instability of the structure will lead to the increase of roof scope which affects the support in the working face and causes weighting phenomenon or even dynamic load of the main roof. The ultimate bearing capacity of the structure, limit position of rotation instability, the risky point of sliding instability, and the conditions for structure instability have been obtained. According to energy conservation principle and momentum theorem, the analytical expression of impact time and impact force under different instability types has been deduced, explaining the mechanism of dynamic load. At last, dynamic load shock phenomenon in mining face 8101 has been analyzed.
引文
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[15]王家臣,王兆会.高强度开采工作面顶板动载冲击效应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊2):3987-3997.WANG Jiachen,WANG Zhaohui.Impact effect of dynamic load induced by roof in high-intensity mining face[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Sup 2):3987-3997.
[16]王兆会,杨敬虎,孟浩.大采高工作面过断层构造煤壁片帮机理及控制[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(1):42-49.WANG Zhaohui,YANG Jinghu,MENG Hao.Mechanism and controlling technology of rib spalling in mining face with large cutting height passing through fault[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(1):42-49.
[17]杨胜利,孔德中.大采高煤壁片帮防治柔性加固机理与应用[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(6):1361-1367.YANG Shengli,KONG Dezhong.Flexible reinforcement mechanism and its application in the control of spalling at large mining height coal face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(6):1361-1367.
[2]钱鸣高,石平五,许家林.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2003:101-107.
[3]缪协兴,钱鸣高.采场围岩整体结构与砌体梁力学模型[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1995,12(4):3-12.MIAO Xiexing,QIAN Minggao.Surrounding rock structure and voussoir beam mechanical model[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,1995,12(4):3-12.
[4]谭云亮.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].北京:煤炭工业出版社,2007:56-64.
[5]文志杰,赵晓东,尹立明,等.大采高顶板控制模型及支架合理承载研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2010,27(2):255-258.WEN Zhijie,ZHAO Xiaodong,YIN Liming,et al.Study on mechanical model and reasonable working-condition parameters in mining stope with large mining height[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2010,27(2):255-258.
[6]贾喜荣,翟英达.采场薄板矿压理论与实践综述[J].矿山压力与顶板管理,1999,16(4):22-25.JIA Xirong,ZHAI Yingda.Review of the stope sheet mine pressure theory and practice[J].Ground Pressure and Strata Control,1999,16(4):22-25.
[7]王红卫,陈忠辉,杜泽超,等.弹性薄板理论在地下采场顶板变化规律研究中的应用[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(增刊2):3769-3774.WANG Hongwei,CHEN Zhonghui,DU Zechao,et al.Application of elastic thin plate theory to change rule of roof in underground stope[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2006,25(Sup 2):3769-3774.
[8]黄庆享,钱鸣高,石平五.浅埋煤层采场基本顶周期来压的结构分析[J].煤炭学报,1999,24(6):581-585.HUANG Qingxiang,QIAN Minggao,SHI Pingwu.Main roof structure analysis in shallow buried coal seam during periodical weighting[J].Journal of China Coal Society,1999,24(6):581-585.
[9]黄庆享,祈万涛,杨春林.采场基本顶初次破断机理与破断形态分析[J].西安矿业学院学报,1999,19(3):193-197.HUANG Qingxiang,QI Wantao,YANG Chunlin.Main roof structure analysis in shallow buried coal seam during first weighting[J].Journal of Xi’an Mining Institute,1999,19(3):193-197.
[10]弓培林,靳钟铭.大采高综采采场顶板控制力学模型研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(1):193-198.GONG Peilin,JIN Zhongming.Mechanical model study on roof control for fully-mechanized coal face with large mining height[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2008,27(1):193-198.
[11]弓培林,靳钟铭.大采高采场覆岩结构特征及运动规律研究[J].煤炭学报,2004,29(1):7-11.GONG Peilin,JIN Zhongming.Study on the structure characteristics and movement laws of overlying strata with large mining height[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2004,29(1):7-11.
[12]杨敬轩,刘长友,于斌.坚硬厚层顶板群结构破断的采场冲击效应[J].中国矿业大学学报,2014,43(1):8-15.YANG Jingxuan,LIU Changyou,YU Bin.Impact effect caused by the fracture of thick and hard roof structures in a long wall face[J].Journal of China University of Ming&Technology,2014,43(1):8-15.
[13]WANG Jiachen,YANG Shengli,LI Yang,et al.Adynamic method to determine the supports capacity in long wall coal mining[J].International Journal of Mining,Reclamation and Environment,2014,1(1):1-14.
[14]王家臣,王兆会.浅埋薄基岩高强度开采工作面初次来压基本顶结构稳定性研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(2):175-181.WANG Jiachen,WANG Zhaohui.Stability of main roof structure during the first weighting in shallow highintensity mining face with thin bedrock[J].Journal of Mining and Safety Engineering,2015,32(2):175-181.
[15]王家臣,王兆会.高强度开采工作面顶板动载冲击效应分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊2):3987-3997.WANG Jiachen,WANG Zhaohui.Impact effect of dynamic load induced by roof in high-intensity mining face[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(Sup 2):3987-3997.
[16]王兆会,杨敬虎,孟浩.大采高工作面过断层构造煤壁片帮机理及控制[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(1):42-49.WANG Zhaohui,YANG Jinghu,MENG Hao.Mechanism and controlling technology of rib spalling in mining face with large cutting height passing through fault[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(1):42-49.
[17]杨胜利,孔德中.大采高煤壁片帮防治柔性加固机理与应用[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(6):1361-1367.YANG Shengli,KONG Dezhong.Flexible reinforcement mechanism and its application in the control of spalling at large mining height coal face[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(6):1361-1367.