石化废水挥发性有机物排放特征分析
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摘要
采用吹扫捕集-气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)的方法,对某炼油企业污水处理厂废水中的挥发性有机物(VOCs)进行指纹图谱解析,共鉴别出VOCs 215种,主要包括烷烃、烯烃、芳香烃、醇、酮;浓度最高的VOCs为苯、甲苯,由于其具有致癌作用,应当作为重点管控和治理对象;甲硫醇、乙硫醇、二硫化碳含量虽然低,但由于其嗅域值较低且具有恶臭气味,是污水处理厂气味感官的主要来源。对整个污水处理流程中的VOCs组分种类和浓度进行分析可知,逸散量较大的为低分子量的烷烃、烯烃、醇类等组分;停留较为持久的是酮类、芳香烃类、含硫化合物类。为减少炼化企业VOCs排放,管控废水输送、处置过程中VOCs的无组织排放,应对隔油、气浮、生化环节加设密封罩,并对挥发性有机物成分进行收集及处理。
Fingerprint analysis of volatile organic compounds( VOCs) in a refinery sewage treatment plant was carried out by purge and trap-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS). Total 215 kinds of volatile organic compounds were identified,including alkanes,olefins,aromatic hydrocarbons,alcohols and ketones; the VOCs components with the highest concentration were benzene and toluene,and they should be used as key control and management objects since their carcinogenic effects. Although the contents of methanthiol,ethyl mercaptan and carbon disulfide were not high,they were the main source of odor sense in sewage treatment plants due to their low olfactory threshold and foul odor. The component types and concentration of VOCs in the whole wastewater treatment process were analyzed,and the results showed that the components such as alkanes,alkenes,alcohols,etc. with low molecular weight were very easy to escape,while ketones,aromatic hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds were more persistent. To reduce the VOCs emission of refinery enterprises. For controlling the wastewater conveying,control unorganized emission of VOCs during the disposal process it was quite necessary to set,seal cover on oil separation,air flotation and biochemical links,and collect and dispose of the VOCs.
Fingerprint analysis of volatile organic compounds( VOCs) in a refinery sewage treatment plant was carried out by purge and trap-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( GC-MS). Total 215 kinds of volatile organic compounds were identified,including alkanes,olefins,aromatic hydrocarbons,alcohols and ketones; the VOCs components with the highest concentration were benzene and toluene,and they should be used as key control and management objects since their carcinogenic effects. Although the contents of methanthiol,ethyl mercaptan and carbon disulfide were not high,they were the main source of odor sense in sewage treatment plants due to their low olfactory threshold and foul odor. The component types and concentration of VOCs in the whole wastewater treatment process were analyzed,and the results showed that the components such as alkanes,alkenes,alcohols,etc. with low molecular weight were very easy to escape,while ketones,aromatic hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds were more persistent. To reduce the VOCs emission of refinery enterprises. For controlling the wastewater conveying,control unorganized emission of VOCs during the disposal process it was quite necessary to set,seal cover on oil separation,air flotation and biochemical links,and collect and dispose of the VOCs.
引文
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[2]郑天泽.石化企业VOCs排放政策要求及控制策略[J].油气田环境保护,2016,26(5):48-50,62.
[3]李兴春.石油化工行业挥发性有机物控制进展研究[J].环境保护,2016,44(13):38-42.
[4]王鹏.石化企业挥发性有机物排放源及排放量估算探讨[J].石油化工安全环保技术,2013,29(1):59-62,1.
[5]李芳,伏晴艳,刘娟,等.石化企业废水挥发性有机物无组织排放定量方法[J].化工环保,2011,31(1):90-93.
[6]黄敏超,赵东风,韩丰磊,等.石化企业污水处理系统挥发性有机物检测研究[J].当代化工,2016,45(10):2387-2390.
[7]何少林,崔积山,王赫婧.石化废水挥发性有机物逸散管控分析[J].环境影响评价,2016,38(3):66-69.
[8]何少林,陈辉,于景琦,等.石化废水挥发性有机物逸散量的估算方法[J].化工环保,2015,35(6):620-624.
[9]刘颖荣,刘泽龙,田松柏,等.GC-MS法快速测定原油中沸点低于540℃馏分的详细烃组成[J].石油化工,2015,44(3):381-388.
[10]高翔,展先辉,张骥,等.石化企业挥发性有机物排放特征及污染潜势研究[J].现代化工,2016,36(3):6-10.
[11]孙晓犁.石化污水处理场挥发性有机物排放状况研究[J].环境科技,2010,23(增刊1):72-73,85.
[12]张晗,陈少华,张娴,等.石化污水处理场挥发性污染物分布特征研究[J].环境科学与技术,2013,36(7):23-28,80.