基于随动边界的火炮身管热力联合效应数值分析
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摘要
为探索高温高压火药燃气瞬态冲击效应对身管刚度和强度响应的影响,采用有限元方法建立了某大口径火炮身管三维数值模型,并定义了热力载荷边界随弹丸运动而变化的动态过程。通过数值计算得到了首发弹射击条件下身管温度分布演变过程,进一步分析了热冲击载荷、压力载荷以及热力联合效应对身管动态应力响应的影响。计算结果表明:轴向不同位置热冲击载荷的差异性引起轴向非均匀温度分布,使得出现较大的轴向温度梯度,带来显著的轴向温差应力;在温度响应剧烈区域,周向表现为压应力的温差应力与周向表现为拉应力的载荷应力相互叠加,使得内壁质点周向应力分量表现为拉应力与压应力的交替作用,与压力激励作用结果相比,内壁高应力区应力幅值得到一定减弱并随温度响应呈现先下降、后上升的趋势。
In order to explore the transient impact effect of high-temperature and high-pressure propellant gas on the response to barrel strength,the finite element method is utilized to establish a three-dimensional numerical model for a large-caliber gun barrel. The variation of loading boundary of propellant gas with the projectile motion is defined. The evolution process of non-uniform distribution of temperature field in barrel at different moments under the first firing condition was obtained through numeric computation. The influences of thermal load,pressure and the heat-pressure joint effect on the dynamic stress response of barrel are further investigated,respectively. The calculated results show that the difference of thermal shock loads at different axial positions leads to an axial non-uniform temperature distribution,which makes the axial temperature gradient large and causes a significant axial thermal stress. In the area with intense temperature response,the compressive stress induced by thermal load and the tensile stress induced by pressure incircumferential direction make the stress component act as the interaction between the tensile stress and the compressive stress. Compared with the gas pressure effect,the stress amplitude in the high stress region on the inner wall is weakened,and presents a trend of falling first and then rising with the temperature.
In order to explore the transient impact effect of high-temperature and high-pressure propellant gas on the response to barrel strength,the finite element method is utilized to establish a three-dimensional numerical model for a large-caliber gun barrel. The variation of loading boundary of propellant gas with the projectile motion is defined. The evolution process of non-uniform distribution of temperature field in barrel at different moments under the first firing condition was obtained through numeric computation. The influences of thermal load,pressure and the heat-pressure joint effect on the dynamic stress response of barrel are further investigated,respectively. The calculated results show that the difference of thermal shock loads at different axial positions leads to an axial non-uniform temperature distribution,which makes the axial temperature gradient large and causes a significant axial thermal stress. In the area with intense temperature response,the compressive stress induced by thermal load and the tensile stress induced by pressure incircumferential direction make the stress component act as the interaction between the tensile stress and the compressive stress. Compared with the gas pressure effect,the stress amplitude in the high stress region on the inner wall is weakened,and presents a trend of falling first and then rising with the temperature.
引文
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[14]郑小涛,轩福贞.热-机载荷下厚壁圆筒自增强压力与安全性分析[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(16):156-161.ZHENG X T,XUAN F Z.Investigation on autofrettage and safety of the thick-walled cylinder under thermo-mechanical loadings[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(16):156-161.(in Chinese)
[15]罗来科,宣益民,韩玉阁.坦克炮管温度场的有限元计算[J].兵工学报,2005,26(1):6-9.LUO L K,XUAN Y M,HAN Y G.Finite element calculation of the temperature field for tank gun barrel[J].Acta Armamentarii,2005,26(1):6-9.(in Chinese)
[16]朱文芳,王育维,魏建国,等.某火炮多发连续射击炮管传热计算分析[J].火炮发射与控制学报,2010,31(2):74-78.ZHU W F,WANG Y W,WEI J G,et al.Calculation and analysis on heat transfer for a gun barrel during multiround continuous firing[J].Journal of Gun Launch&Control,2010,31(2):74-78.(in Chinese)
[17]LAWTON B.Thermo-chemical erosion in gun barrels[J].Wear,2001,251:827-838.
[2]于情波,杨国来,葛建立,等.基于异常压力场的火炮身管断裂失效再现数值模拟[J].弹道学报,2018,30(1):80-86.YU Q B,YANG G L,GE J L,et al.Numerical simulation on reappearance of artillery barrel fracture damage under the effect of abnormal gas flow[J].Journal of Ballistics,2018,30(1):80-86.(in Chinese)
[3]侯健,韩肓礼.火炮身管强度设计理论和安全系数的研究[J].弹道学报,2009,21(3):44-47.HOU J,HAN Y L.Research of gun barrel strength design theory and safety coefficient[J].Journal of Ballistics,2009,21(3):44-47.(in Chinese)
[4]谈乐斌,蔡樑,袁人枢.厚壁圆筒动态强度的有限元分析和实验研究[J].弹道学报,2010,22(4):86-88.TAN L B,CAI L,YUAN R S.Finite element analysis and test research for dynamic strength of thick-wall cylinder[J].Journal of Ballistics,2010,22(4):86-88.(in Chinese)
[5]曾志银,宁变芳,王在森.身管动态应力有限元通用求解方法[J].兵工学报,2005,26(6):7-10.ZENG Z Y,NING B F,WANG Z S.Universal finite element solution method of gun barrel dynamic stress[J].Acta Armamentarii,2005,26(6):7-10.(in Chinese)
[6]CHUNG D Y,SHIN N,OH M,et al.Prediction of erosion from heat transfer measurements of 40 mm gun tubes[J].Wear,2007,263:246-250.
[7]徐达,罗业,范文博.火炮身管传热数值模拟及温度分布规律[J].装甲兵工程学院学报,2016,30(6):50-54.XU D,LUO Y,FAN W B.Numerical simulation of heat transfer and temperature distribution of artillery barrel[J].Journal of A-cademy of Armored Force Engineering,2016,30(6):50-54.(in Chinese)
[8]朱文芳,王育维,郭映华,等.某火炮身管温度仿真计算及其影响因素分析[J].火炮发射与控制学报,2016,37(4):58-62.ZHU W F,WANG Y W,GUO Y H,et al.Temperature simulation calculation and analysis of influential factors of a certain gun barrel[J].Journal of Gun Launch&Control,2016,37(4):58-62.(in Chinese)
[9]WU B,CHEN G,XIA W.Heat transfer in a 155 mm compound gun barrel with full length integral midwall cooling channels[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2008,28(8/9):881-888.
[10]徐亚栋,钱林方,陈龙淼.复合材料身管非线性热弹性有限元分析[J].兵工学报,2007,28(12):1428-1432.XU Y D,QIAN L F,CHEN L M.Nonlinear thermo-elastic finite element analysis for composite material barrel[J].Acta Armamentarii,2007,28(12):1428-1432.(in Chinese)
[11]武锋,郑祖华,吴圣川,等.大口径火炮多发连射炮管热力耦合分析[J].中国机械工程,2012,23(9):1056-1059.WU F,ZHENG Z H,WU S C,et al.Thermo-mechanical coupling analysis for a large calibre gun multiround continuous firing process[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2012,23(9):1056-1059.(in Chinese)
[12]胡志刚,赵建波.速射身管发射状态下的温度场及热应力的有限元分析[J].弹箭与制导学报,2006,26(1):555-558.HU Z G,ZHAO J B.Temperature field and thermal stress analysis by FEM for barrel in rapid fire condition[J].Journal of Missile and Guidance,2006,26(1):555-558.(in Chinese)
[13]徐亚栋,钱林方.复合材料身管热-结构耦合分析与优化[J].弹道学报,2006,18(2):31-35.XU Y D,QIAN L F.Coupled thermo-mechanical analysis and optimization of the composite material barrel[J].Journal of Ballistics,2006,18(2):31-35.(in Chinese)
[14]郑小涛,轩福贞.热-机载荷下厚壁圆筒自增强压力与安全性分析[J].机械工程学报,2010,46(16):156-161.ZHENG X T,XUAN F Z.Investigation on autofrettage and safety of the thick-walled cylinder under thermo-mechanical loadings[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2010,46(16):156-161.(in Chinese)
[15]罗来科,宣益民,韩玉阁.坦克炮管温度场的有限元计算[J].兵工学报,2005,26(1):6-9.LUO L K,XUAN Y M,HAN Y G.Finite element calculation of the temperature field for tank gun barrel[J].Acta Armamentarii,2005,26(1):6-9.(in Chinese)
[16]朱文芳,王育维,魏建国,等.某火炮多发连续射击炮管传热计算分析[J].火炮发射与控制学报,2010,31(2):74-78.ZHU W F,WANG Y W,WEI J G,et al.Calculation and analysis on heat transfer for a gun barrel during multiround continuous firing[J].Journal of Gun Launch&Control,2010,31(2):74-78.(in Chinese)
[17]LAWTON B.Thermo-chemical erosion in gun barrels[J].Wear,2001,251:827-838.