贵州鼠害控制项目农民田间学校实施效果与建议
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摘要
2018年4～10月,在贵州省余庆县、三都县、息烽县、瓮安县、岑巩县、都匀市举办了联合国粮农组织(FAO)贵州鼠害控制减少粮食损失保护农业生态安全项目农民田间学校(FFS)15间,培训农民451人,培训采用FAO推荐的参与式、启发式、互动式、成人非正规教育方式进行,学员能力得到明显提升,测试题总体正确率由培训前的75.40%提高到培训后的93.36%;学员对培训过程充分认可,学员非常满意为96.07%,满意率为3.93%;FFS质量控制指标完成良好。为使鼠害控制FFS得到长足发展,不断提高鼠害防控能力,在今后举办FFS时,培训时间与农事活动需要合理协调,培训课程设置需要不断完善,灭鼠技术培训需要长期坚持,培训经费需要加大支持力度。
We held 15 Farmer Field Schools(FFSs) in Yuqing, Sandu, Xifeng, Weng'an, Cengong and Duyun counties(cities) of Guizhou Province from April to October 2018, which is one of the main contents of a FAO project of "Reducing food loss and improving agricultural ecology based pest rodent management in Guizhou Province". A total of 450 farmers were trained through a participatory training and adult non-formal education style introduced by the project. The scores of ballot box test increased from 75.40 for the pre-training participants to 93.36 for the trained farmers, which suggested the participants' ability were obvious improved. At the end of the training, a survey was conduct for examining trainees' satisfaction. The results showed trainees were very satisfied with the training process. Generally, high satisfaction rate was 96.07%, and the common satisfaction rate was 3.93%. A survey of quality control indexes for the training also showed a fine effect. In order to further improve the level of FFS in the future, we have the following advices: coordinate training time of FFS and farming activity time; better curriculums of FFS should be developed; the training of rodent management knowledge and technologies need insist for a long time and more funds should be provided for the training.
We held 15 Farmer Field Schools(FFSs) in Yuqing, Sandu, Xifeng, Weng'an, Cengong and Duyun counties(cities) of Guizhou Province from April to October 2018, which is one of the main contents of a FAO project of "Reducing food loss and improving agricultural ecology based pest rodent management in Guizhou Province". A total of 450 farmers were trained through a participatory training and adult non-formal education style introduced by the project. The scores of ballot box test increased from 75.40 for the pre-training participants to 93.36 for the trained farmers, which suggested the participants' ability were obvious improved. At the end of the training, a survey was conduct for examining trainees' satisfaction. The results showed trainees were very satisfied with the training process. Generally, high satisfaction rate was 96.07%, and the common satisfaction rate was 3.93%. A survey of quality control indexes for the training also showed a fine effect. In order to further improve the level of FFS in the future, we have the following advices: coordinate training time of FFS and farming activity time; better curriculums of FFS should be developed; the training of rodent management knowledge and technologies need insist for a long time and more funds should be provided for the training.
引文
[1] 夏敬源,杨普云,朱恩林. 农业技术推广模式的重大创新——农民田间学校(FFS)[J]中国植保导刊,2004,24(12):83-86.
[2] 杨普云. 农民田间学校概论——参与式农民培训方法与管理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008:1-11.
[3] 朱晓明,杨普云. 农民田间学校在中国的实践与创新发展[J].中国植保导刊,2018,38(9):83-86.
[4] 杨再学,李学琳,谈孝凤. 贵州鼠害控制项目农民田间学校辅导员培训成效及建议[J].中国植保导刊,2018,38(11):85-87.
[5] Arnoud B, Janice J, Niels R A. Global Survey and Review of Farmer Field School Experiences [R].Wageningen:Endelea,2006.
[6] 金星,杨再学,刘晋,等. 贵州省毒饵站灭鼠技术的研究与应用[J].贵州农业科学,2009,37(9):107-112.
[7] 李恩涛,周全忠,余文芹,等. 不同材料毒饵站防治农区害鼠效果对比试验[J].现代农业科技,2016,(13):146,148.
[8] 杨再学,郭永旺,金星,等. TBS技术监测及控制农田害鼠效果初报[J].山地农业生物学报,2012,31(4):301-306.
[9] 韦应敏,留青,杨德辉,等. 开放式和封闭式TBS捕鼠效果观察[J].山地农业生物学报,2016,35(2):35-38.
[10] 杨再学,谈孝凤. 贵州省TBS灭鼠技术规范及应用前景[J].山地农业生物学报,2018,37(3):56-61.
[11] 杨再学. 常用捕鼠器械的种类及使用方法[J]. 农技服务,2004,(9):49-50.
[12] 杨再学,金星. 贵州省农区鼠害监测结果与灾变规律分析[J].山地农业生物学报,2006,25(3):197-202.
[2] 杨普云. 农民田间学校概论——参与式农民培训方法与管理[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2008:1-11.
[3] 朱晓明,杨普云. 农民田间学校在中国的实践与创新发展[J].中国植保导刊,2018,38(9):83-86.
[4] 杨再学,李学琳,谈孝凤. 贵州鼠害控制项目农民田间学校辅导员培训成效及建议[J].中国植保导刊,2018,38(11):85-87.
[5] Arnoud B, Janice J, Niels R A. Global Survey and Review of Farmer Field School Experiences [R].Wageningen:Endelea,2006.
[6] 金星,杨再学,刘晋,等. 贵州省毒饵站灭鼠技术的研究与应用[J].贵州农业科学,2009,37(9):107-112.
[7] 李恩涛,周全忠,余文芹,等. 不同材料毒饵站防治农区害鼠效果对比试验[J].现代农业科技,2016,(13):146,148.
[8] 杨再学,郭永旺,金星,等. TBS技术监测及控制农田害鼠效果初报[J].山地农业生物学报,2012,31(4):301-306.
[9] 韦应敏,留青,杨德辉,等. 开放式和封闭式TBS捕鼠效果观察[J].山地农业生物学报,2016,35(2):35-38.
[10] 杨再学,谈孝凤. 贵州省TBS灭鼠技术规范及应用前景[J].山地农业生物学报,2018,37(3):56-61.
[11] 杨再学. 常用捕鼠器械的种类及使用方法[J]. 农技服务,2004,(9):49-50.
[12] 杨再学,金星. 贵州省农区鼠害监测结果与灾变规律分析[J].山地农业生物学报,2006,25(3):197-202.