8个甘蓝型冬油菜在陇东南干旱山区适应性分析
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摘要
采用多点试验,对8个甘蓝型冬油菜品种在陇东南干旱山区的越冬率、生育期、经济性状及产量进行了研究。结果表明,不同品种抗寒性和产量差异较大,参试品种的越冬率为52.1%～98.6%,折合产量为1 205.1～4 174.2 kg/hm~2。其中天油2288越冬率为88.2%～96.1%,折合产量为1 687.5～4 120.5 kg/hm~2,平均折合产量最高,为3 456.5 kg/hm~2。陕油2016越冬率为55.6%～96.7%,折合产量为1 205.1～4 174.2 kg/hm~2,在陇南市徽县试验点单产最高,为4 174.2kg/hm~2,平均折合产量为3 185.6 kg/hm~2。各品种经济性状差异也较明显。综合分析,天油2288、天油2255和15ML22抗寒性较强,属强冬性、中熟、丰产型油菜品种,可在甘肃中东部较高海拔干旱山区种植;陕油2016和陕油28经济性状优良,是弱冬性、早熟、丰产型油菜品种,可在陇南市及天水市低海拔的渭河流域种植。
A multi-point experiment was conducted to study the overwintering rate,growth period,economic character and yield of eight winter rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) cultivars in arid mountainous areas of Southeast Gansu. The results showed that different cultivars of Brassica napus were quite different in cold resistance. The overwintering rates of 8 testing cultivars were 52.1%～98.6%,and the yields were 1 205.1～4 174.2 kg/hm~2. The overwintering rate of Tianyou 2288 were 88.2%～96.1%,the yield was 1 687.5～4 120.5 kg/hm~2,and the average yield was 3 456.5 kg/hm~2 as the highest. The overwintering rate of Shanyou 2016 was55.6%～96.7%,and the yield was 1 205.1～4 174.2 kg/hm~2. The highest per unit area yield was 4 174.2 kg/hm~2 at the test point of Huixian. The differences of economic characters among cultivars were also obvious.Comprehensive analysis showed that Tianyou 2288,Tianyou 2255 and 15 ML22 had strong cold resistance and belonged to strong winter,medium maturity and the high-yield cultivars,which could be planted in arid mountainous areas at higher altitudes in the middle and eastern areas of Gansu. Shaanyou 2016 and Shaanyou 28 have excellent economic characteristics,they are weak winter,early maturity and the high-yield cultivars,which could be planted in Longnan City and the Weihe River Basin of Tianshui City at low altitude.
A multi-point experiment was conducted to study the overwintering rate,growth period,economic character and yield of eight winter rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) cultivars in arid mountainous areas of Southeast Gansu. The results showed that different cultivars of Brassica napus were quite different in cold resistance. The overwintering rates of 8 testing cultivars were 52.1%～98.6%,and the yields were 1 205.1～4 174.2 kg/hm~2. The overwintering rate of Tianyou 2288 were 88.2%～96.1%,the yield was 1 687.5～4 120.5 kg/hm~2,and the average yield was 3 456.5 kg/hm~2 as the highest. The overwintering rate of Shanyou 2016 was55.6%～96.7%,and the yield was 1 205.1～4 174.2 kg/hm~2. The highest per unit area yield was 4 174.2 kg/hm~2 at the test point of Huixian. The differences of economic characters among cultivars were also obvious.Comprehensive analysis showed that Tianyou 2288,Tianyou 2255 and 15 ML22 had strong cold resistance and belonged to strong winter,medium maturity and the high-yield cultivars,which could be planted in arid mountainous areas at higher altitudes in the middle and eastern areas of Gansu. Shaanyou 2016 and Shaanyou 28 have excellent economic characteristics,they are weak winter,early maturity and the high-yield cultivars,which could be planted in Longnan City and the Weihe River Basin of Tianshui City at low altitude.
引文
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[10]罗斌,赵卫国,李保军,等.我国白菜型冬油菜与甘蓝型冬油菜抗寒性研究进展[J].陕西农业科学,2017(9):80-83.
[11]王亚宏,雷建明,张建学.起垄覆膜方式对半干旱山区甘蓝型冬油菜天油9号的影响[J].甘肃农业科技,2014(11):47-49.
[2]孙万仓,马卫国,雷建民,等.冬油菜在西北旱寒区的适应性和北移的可行性研究[J].中国农业科学,2007(12):2716-2726.
[3]陈姣荣,孙万仓,方彦,等.白菜型冬油菜在北方寒旱区的适应性分析[J].干旱地区农业研究,2012(6):17-22.
[4]刘海卿,孙万仓,刘自刚,等.北方旱寒区白菜型冬油菜品种抗寒性与适应性分析[J].西北农业学报,2014(6):109-117.
[5]王学芳,孙万仓,李芳,等.中国西部冬油菜种植的生态效应评价[J].应用生态学报2009(3):647-652.
[6]刘海卿,孙万仓,刘自刚,等.北方寒旱区白菜型冬油菜的越冬安全性及经济效益和生态效益[J].应用生态学报,2015(10):3035-3044.
[7]张亚宏,雷建明,张岩,等.浅析强冬性甘蓝型油菜的生产与发展潜力[J].农业科技通讯,2010(1):103-106.
[8]吴莉莉,张亚宏,雷建明,等.天水市甘蓝型冬油菜高产栽培技术[J].甘肃农业科技,2012(6):55-56.
[9]武军艳,孙万仓,杨杰,等.不同覆盖处理对甘肃中部地区甘蓝型冬油菜越冬率及产量的影响[J].干旱地区农业研究,2010(3):96-99.
[10]罗斌,赵卫国,李保军,等.我国白菜型冬油菜与甘蓝型冬油菜抗寒性研究进展[J].陕西农业科学,2017(9):80-83.
[11]王亚宏,雷建明,张建学.起垄覆膜方式对半干旱山区甘蓝型冬油菜天油9号的影响[J].甘肃农业科技,2014(11):47-49.