全面二孩政策下云南省大理州某县居民生育意愿调查
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摘要
目的:掌握育龄人群的二孩生育意愿,为推进全面二孩政策提供借鉴。方法:调查云南省大理州某县365名居民的生育意愿,运用Logistic回归分析等统计方法确定影响生育意愿的主要因素。结果:44.3%的被访者有生育二孩的意愿,主要受传统生育观念影响;55.7%的被访者不愿意生育二孩,主要受家庭经济状况与孩子照料问题的影响。回归分析发现年纪较轻的育龄妇女、期望生育女孩的被访者家庭更倾向于生育二孩。结论:政府一方面应增强医疗、教育等社会公共服务资源的配置,降低家庭照料和养育成本,同时应关注少数民族地区"重女轻男"价值观对生育意愿的影响,这对缓解其他地区出生人口性别比例失调问题有一定的跨文化借鉴意义。
Objective: To find out the current status and influencing factors of residents' fertility intention, and to provide evidence to further promote and improve the reproductive policy. Methods: 365 residents in Yunnan were investigated. Logistic regression analysis and other statistical methods were used to determine the main factors affecting fertility intention. Results: The survey found that 44.3% of residents had the intention to have two children and were mainly based on their emotional needs. The reason why 55.7% residents were unwilling to have two children was mainly due to family economic status and child care. After the regression analysis, it was found that women of childbearing age who were young and expected to have girls were more likely to have two children. Conclusion: The government should strengthen the allocation of social public service resources such as medical care and education, reduce the cost of family care and parenting, and pay attention to the influence of the values of "Feminism" in minority areas on fertility willingness which can solve the problem of unbalanced birth sex ratio in most western areas.
Objective: To find out the current status and influencing factors of residents' fertility intention, and to provide evidence to further promote and improve the reproductive policy. Methods: 365 residents in Yunnan were investigated. Logistic regression analysis and other statistical methods were used to determine the main factors affecting fertility intention. Results: The survey found that 44.3% of residents had the intention to have two children and were mainly based on their emotional needs. The reason why 55.7% residents were unwilling to have two children was mainly due to family economic status and child care. After the regression analysis, it was found that women of childbearing age who were young and expected to have girls were more likely to have two children. Conclusion: The government should strengthen the allocation of social public service resources such as medical care and education, reduce the cost of family care and parenting, and pay attention to the influence of the values of "Feminism" in minority areas on fertility willingness which can solve the problem of unbalanced birth sex ratio in most western areas.
引文
[1]国家卫生和计划生育委员会. 中国卫生和计划生育统计年鉴(2016)[M]. 北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2016.
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[3]DHARMALINGAM A,RAJAN S, MORGAN S P. The determinants of low fertility in India[J]. Demography, 2014, 51(4): 1451- 1475.
[4]张晓玲, 戈祥. “全面两孩”政策下居民生育意愿调查分析报告[J]. 四川职业技术学院学报, 2016, 26(3):21-25.
[5]钟国娥, 邓泽邦, 吕晓青,等. 广东省育龄人群生育意愿调查研究[J]. 科教文汇, 2017(4):182-185.
[6]何兴邦, 王学义, 周葵. 养儿防老观念和农村青年生育意愿——基于CGSS(2013)的经验证据[J]. 西北人口, 2017, 38(2):31-38.
[7]梁海艳, 代燕, 骆华松.“全面二孩”对云南人口与人力资源发展影响研究[J]. 人力资源管理, 2017(1):223-227.
[8]王德睿,王忠民.大连地区二胎生育意愿影响因素的调查研究[J].中国医师进修杂志,2017, 40(10):879-883.
[9]周星星,曹琦,蔡雅情,等.医学高等院校青年教师二胎生育意愿及其阻碍因素的调查分析[J]. 全科护理, 2018(7):769-772.
[10]杨利美. 基层医院剖宫产率增高的原因分析及对策探讨[J]. 医学信息, 2015(21):187.
[11]雷洁,朱丽萍,花静,等.上海市低风险孕产妇二孩分娩意愿与方式的对比研究[J].中国妇幼健康研究, 2017(12):1566-1569.
[12]李智, 张山山, 倪俊学,等. 1953-2010年中国出生人口性别比变化趋势及地理分布[J]. 中国生育健康杂志, 2016, 27(1):13-18.
[13]骆华松, 梁海艳, 代燕. 云南省出生人口性别比基本特征及治理对策分析[J]. 西北人口, 2016, 37(1):13-17.
[14]罗彦莲, 马燕. 西北回族妇女生育文化变迁——以宁夏为例[J]. 回族研究, 2017(3):104-109.
[15]林建宇. 少数民族出生人口性别比问题研究综述[J]. 云南社会主义学院学报, 2016(2):80-84.
[16]何志魁. 我国出生人口性别比例失调问题治理的跨文化启示——基于白族性别文化的视角[J]. 西南民族大学学报(人文社科版), 2011, 32(7):25-28.
[2]陈晓玲,沈费伟.“全面两孩”政策对青年生育意愿的影响——以杭州市80后为例[J].人口与社会, 2016, 32(3): 98-105.
[3]DHARMALINGAM A,RAJAN S, MORGAN S P. The determinants of low fertility in India[J]. Demography, 2014, 51(4): 1451- 1475.
[4]张晓玲, 戈祥. “全面两孩”政策下居民生育意愿调查分析报告[J]. 四川职业技术学院学报, 2016, 26(3):21-25.
[5]钟国娥, 邓泽邦, 吕晓青,等. 广东省育龄人群生育意愿调查研究[J]. 科教文汇, 2017(4):182-185.
[6]何兴邦, 王学义, 周葵. 养儿防老观念和农村青年生育意愿——基于CGSS(2013)的经验证据[J]. 西北人口, 2017, 38(2):31-38.
[7]梁海艳, 代燕, 骆华松.“全面二孩”对云南人口与人力资源发展影响研究[J]. 人力资源管理, 2017(1):223-227.
[8]王德睿,王忠民.大连地区二胎生育意愿影响因素的调查研究[J].中国医师进修杂志,2017, 40(10):879-883.
[9]周星星,曹琦,蔡雅情,等.医学高等院校青年教师二胎生育意愿及其阻碍因素的调查分析[J]. 全科护理, 2018(7):769-772.
[10]杨利美. 基层医院剖宫产率增高的原因分析及对策探讨[J]. 医学信息, 2015(21):187.
[11]雷洁,朱丽萍,花静,等.上海市低风险孕产妇二孩分娩意愿与方式的对比研究[J].中国妇幼健康研究, 2017(12):1566-1569.
[12]李智, 张山山, 倪俊学,等. 1953-2010年中国出生人口性别比变化趋势及地理分布[J]. 中国生育健康杂志, 2016, 27(1):13-18.
[13]骆华松, 梁海艳, 代燕. 云南省出生人口性别比基本特征及治理对策分析[J]. 西北人口, 2016, 37(1):13-17.
[14]罗彦莲, 马燕. 西北回族妇女生育文化变迁——以宁夏为例[J]. 回族研究, 2017(3):104-109.
[15]林建宇. 少数民族出生人口性别比问题研究综述[J]. 云南社会主义学院学报, 2016(2):80-84.
[16]何志魁. 我国出生人口性别比例失调问题治理的跨文化启示——基于白族性别文化的视角[J]. 西南民族大学学报(人文社科版), 2011, 32(7):25-28.