人工智能与底线思维
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摘要
在对人工智能的思考中,是持一种高调思维还是底线思维,将引出相当不同的结论。面对这样一种很难预测其后果的高科技发展,充分考虑可能出现的最坏情况,防止和化解最坏情况出现的底线思维看来是更为可取和应该优先考虑的。对几种高调观点的分析显示,它们并无可靠的论据支撑。对人工智能的治理研究可以诉诸一种源自古希腊哲学意义上的"人类命运共同体"的概念。同时,不应忽视"关键少数"的作用。
When it comes to artificial intelligence,whether we hold a high-profile thinking or bottom-line thinking( the worst-case scenarios in mind) will lead to quite different conclusions. In the face of such a hightech development,whose consequences are difficult to predict,it appears to be of greater priority and desirability for us to take full account of the worst-case scenario,preventing and defusing the worst possible case. In this regard,we need to turn to the concept of a "community of shared destiny for mankind",which originates from ancient Greece,while in no way ignoring the role of "key minorities".
When it comes to artificial intelligence,whether we hold a high-profile thinking or bottom-line thinking( the worst-case scenarios in mind) will lead to quite different conclusions. In the face of such a hightech development,whose consequences are difficult to predict,it appears to be of greater priority and desirability for us to take full account of the worst-case scenario,preventing and defusing the worst possible case. In this regard,we need to turn to the concept of a "community of shared destiny for mankind",which originates from ancient Greece,while in no way ignoring the role of "key minorities".
引文
(1)有关这方面的详细论述参见何怀宏:《底线伦理》,辽宁人民出版社,1998年版;何怀宏:《良心论:传统良知的社会转化》(修订版),北京大学出版社,2017年版。
(2)尤瓦尔·赫拉利著,林俊宏译:《未来简史》,中信出版社,2017年版,第一章。
(3)詹姆斯·巴拉特著,闾佳译:《我们最后的发明》,电子工业出版社,2016年版。
(4)牛金霞:《对斯图尔特·拉塞尔的采访》,《浙商》,2016年第15期。
(5)冯象:《我是阿尔法》,中信出版社,2018年版。
(2)尤瓦尔·赫拉利著,林俊宏译:《未来简史》,中信出版社,2017年版,第一章。
(3)詹姆斯·巴拉特著,闾佳译:《我们最后的发明》,电子工业出版社,2016年版。
(4)牛金霞:《对斯图尔特·拉塞尔的采访》,《浙商》,2016年第15期。
(5)冯象:《我是阿尔法》,中信出版社,2018年版。