中国金属锆行业辐射环境管理现状研究
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摘要
锆英砂是一种应用广泛的工业原料。在锆英砂开发利用过程中天然放射性核素随着废水、废气和固体废弃物进入到环境,有可能影响到环境辐射水平,甚至造成环境污染。为了控制环境辐射水平,需要加强开发利用过程的辐射环境安全监管。梳理现状,分析不足,有利于该行业辐射环境管理的开展。在对中国锆及氧化锆行业的基本情况进行介绍的基础上,对金属锆生产环节辐射环境管理现状进行了分析,提出了加强行业辐射监测与评价及制定辐射安全相关标准等建议。
The mineral zircon(zirconium silicate) has a wide range of industrial applications. Natural radioactive nuclides are discharged into the environment through wastewater, waste gas and solid waste release in the process of exploitation and utilization of mineral zircon, which may change the background level, or cause environmental pollution on a serious level. In order to control radiation environmental level, Radiation environmental supervision needs to be strengthened in the process. Combing the status quo and analyzing the peck points are beneficial to the development of the radiation environmental supervision of the industry. Relevant information of zircon and zirconia industries was introduced firstly. Current situation of radiation environmental management of the zircon industry was analyzed. Some suggestions for improvement such as strengthening radiation monitoring and evaluation and formulating relevant standards for radiation safety, were put forward in the end.
The mineral zircon(zirconium silicate) has a wide range of industrial applications. Natural radioactive nuclides are discharged into the environment through wastewater, waste gas and solid waste release in the process of exploitation and utilization of mineral zircon, which may change the background level, or cause environmental pollution on a serious level. In order to control radiation environmental level, Radiation environmental supervision needs to be strengthened in the process. Combing the status quo and analyzing the peck points are beneficial to the development of the radiation environmental supervision of the industry. Relevant information of zircon and zirconia industries was introduced firstly. Current situation of radiation environmental management of the zircon industry was analyzed. Some suggestions for improvement such as strengthening radiation monitoring and evaluation and formulating relevant standards for radiation safety, were put forward in the end.
引文
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[2]江光.关于伴生放射性矿辐射环境监管的政策解读和工作思路[J].环境保护,2017,45(18):28-31.
[3]巢哲雄,张京晶.我国矿产资源开发利用辐射环境监管探索与进展[J].核安全,2013(1):11-13.
[4]时良辰,辛强,姜爱庆.我国伴生放射性矿环境管理中存在问题研究[J].科技与创新,2017(8):88-92.
[5]李洋.锆资源开发利用的辐射安全监管[J].钛工业进展,2017,34(3):9-13.
[6]李洋,蒋东民,黄淑梅,等.氧氯化锆生产中放射性废水排放的监管[J].钛工业进展,2019,36(1):44-48.
[7]黄淑梅,陈伟东,王运锋,等.中国氧氯化锆产业现状及发展对策[J].钛工业进展,2014,31(2):1-7.