有源电力滤波器基于准比例谐振的电流协调控制策略研究
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摘要
利用有源电力滤波器实现对电能质量的综合控制是配电网智能化的关键,但现有文献均未考虑补偿时各频率分量电流的协调控制,且控制系统对频率的波动敏感,参数整定困难,补偿效果较差。该文通过等效电路变换,建立了三相四线制三电平三桥臂有源电力滤波器在实现正序无功电流、负序电流、谐波电流和中线电流补偿时的等效电压源电路模型;基于瞬时功率理论求得三相指令电流的参考值,无需基波电流正负序分量的分离和无功及各次谐波电流的提取,简化了控制结构设计;在静止坐标系下基于准比例谐振控制实现了对指令电流各频率分量的协调控制,利用数字锁相环实现了单位工频周期的定点数采样,保证了控制系统对频率波动的自适应性;给出了控制器在现场可编程门阵列上的离散化实现方法。仿真及0.4kV/50A模块化有源电力滤波器的实验研究表明,该文所建立简化模型准确,所提控制策略的稳态特性好,动态响应快,对频率波动和负荷突变的适应性好,控制算法实现简单可靠。
Integrated power quality control using active power filter is very important for smart distribution network. However, coordinated current control of various frequency components is not taken into consideration in present literature. This paper built up a simplified equivalent circuit model of active power filter in implementing compensation of positive sequence reactive current, negative sequence current, harmonic current, and neutral current. Based on instantaneous power theory, the reference current could be obtained without separation of the positive and negative sequence components and extraction of each harmonic current. The coordinated control of various frequency component currents was realized based on quasi-proportional resonance(quasi-PR) control. Fixed point sampling in each frequency period was realized by using digital phase-locked loop so that robustness of control system in frequency fluctuation was ensured. A discretization implementation method of the controller on the field programmable gate array was provided. Simulation and experiment testing on a 0.4kV/50A module active power filter showed that the simplified model proposed in this paper was accurate, and above-mentioned control strategy had good stability and quick dynamic response, and well adapted to frequency fluctuation and load mutation, and realization of the control algorithm was simple and reliable.
Integrated power quality control using active power filter is very important for smart distribution network. However, coordinated current control of various frequency components is not taken into consideration in present literature. This paper built up a simplified equivalent circuit model of active power filter in implementing compensation of positive sequence reactive current, negative sequence current, harmonic current, and neutral current. Based on instantaneous power theory, the reference current could be obtained without separation of the positive and negative sequence components and extraction of each harmonic current. The coordinated control of various frequency component currents was realized based on quasi-proportional resonance(quasi-PR) control. Fixed point sampling in each frequency period was realized by using digital phase-locked loop so that robustness of control system in frequency fluctuation was ensured. A discretization implementation method of the controller on the field programmable gate array was provided. Simulation and experiment testing on a 0.4kV/50A module active power filter showed that the simplified model proposed in this paper was accurate, and above-mentioned control strategy had good stability and quick dynamic response, and well adapted to frequency fluctuation and load mutation, and realization of the control algorithm was simple and reliable.
引文
[1]周娟,孙宁,张海军,等.一种耦合点隔离型模块化有源电力滤波器[J].电网技术,2018,42(4):1281-1289.Zhou Juan,Sun Ning,Zhang Haijun,et al.A modular active power filer based on point of common coupling isolated[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(4):1281-1289(in Chinese).
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[7]周鑫,郭源博,张晓华,等.基于自适应跟踪控制的三相电压型PWM整流器[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(27):76-82.Zhou Xin,Guo Yuanbo,Zhang Xiaohua,et al.Three phase voltage type PWM rectifier based on adaptive tracking control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(27):76-82(in Chinese).
[8]Zmood D N,Holmes D G,Bode G H.Frequency-domain analysis of three-phase linear current regulators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2001,37(2):601-610.
[9]Zmood D N,Holmes D G.Stationary frame current regulation of pwm inverters with zero steady-state error[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2003,18(3):814-822.
[10]Herman L,Papic I,Blazic B.A proportional-resonant current controller for selective harmonic compensation in a hybrid active power filter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(5):2055-2065.
[11]周娟,张勇,耿乙文,等.四桥臂有源滤波器在静止坐标系下的改进PR控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(6):113-120.Zhou Juan,Zhang Yong,Geng Yiwen,et al.An improved proportional resonant control strategy in the static coordinate for four leg active power filters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(6):113-120(in Chinese).
[12]闫朝阳,白鹤,张喆,等.不平衡工况下基于虚拟阻抗法的并联三相四桥臂逆变器的桥臂控制[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(23):207-219.Yan Zhaoyang,Bai He,Zhang Zhe,et al.Leg control of parallel threephase four-leg inverter based on virtual impedance method under unbalance conditions[J].Transactions of China Electro technical Society,2017,32(23):207-219(in Chinese).
[13]刘威葳,丁洪发,段献忠.有源电力滤波器选择性谐波电流控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(27):14-20.Liu Weiwei,Ding Hongfa,Duan Xianzhong.Selective harmonic current control strategy in active power filters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(27):14-20(in Chinese).
[14]尹春杰,王芳,石磊,等.基于瞬时电压矢量定向的有源电力滤波器补偿电流检测[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(7):112-118.Yin Chunjie,Wang Fang,Shi Lei,et al.Compensation current detection of active power filter based on instantaneous voltage vector orientation[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2017,32(7):112-118(in Chinese).
[15]Yuan Xiaoming,Merk W,Stemmler H,et al.Stationary frame generalized integrators for current control of active power filters with zero steady-state error for current harmonics of concern under unbalanced and distorted operating conditions[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2002,38(2):523-532.
[16]杨秋霞,梁雄国,郭小强,等.准谐振控制器在有源电力滤波器中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(7):171-176.Yang Qiuxia,Liang Xiongguo,Guo Xiaoqiang,et al.Application of quasi resonant controller for active power filter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(7):171-176(in Chinese).
[17]耿乙文,伍小杰,周德佳,等.基于改进型比例谐振控制器的三相四线制光伏发电和有源滤波器系统[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(8):142-148.Geng Yiwen,Wu Xiaojie,Zhou Dejia,et al.Research on three phase four wire PV-AF system based on improved proportional resonant controllers[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2013,28(8):142-148(in Chinese).
[18]张茂松,李尚盛,查晓明,等.链式D-STATCOM的鲁棒L2性能准则设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(28):71-79.Zhang Maosong,Li Shangshen,Zha Xiaoming,et al.Robust L2performance criteria design for cascade D-STATCOM[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(28):71-79(in Chinese).
[2]罗运松,胡晶,宋萌,等.串联混合型有源电力滤波器的无源滤波器简化设计[J].电网技术,2018,42(4):1149-1156.Luo Yunsong,Hu Jing,Song Meng,et al.Simplified design of passive power filters of series hybrid active power filters[J].Power System Technology,2018,42(4):1149-1156(in Chinese).
[3]张晓,孙传达,刘娟,等.三相四线制有源电力滤波器开路故障诊断[J].电网技术,2016,40(2):571-578.Zhang Xiao,Sun Chuanda,Liu Juan,et al.Open-circuit fault diagnosis in three-phase four-wire active power filters[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(2):571-578(in Chinese).
[4]张茂松,王群京,李国丽,等.中点钳位式三电平D-STATCOM的鲁棒电流和中点电位控制策略研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(14):3868-3877.Zhang Maosong,Wang Qunjing,Li Guoli,et al.Study on robust current and neutral point potential control for the D-STATCOM based on NPC three-level inverter[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(14):3868-3877(in Chinese).
[5]周京华,柴小丰,祝天岳,等.三电平有源电力滤波器谐波电流及中点电位平衡控制[J].电网技术,2017,41(6):2012-2019.Zhou Jinghua,Chai Xiaofeng,Zhu Tianyue,et al.Control of harmonic current and neutral-point potential balance for three-level active power filter[J].Power System Technology,2017,41(6):2012-2019(in Chinese).
[6]耿攀,戴珂,魏学良,等.三相并联型有源电力滤波器电流重复控制[J].电工技术学报,2007,22(2):127-131.Geng Pan,Dai Ke,Wei Xueliang,et al.The repetitive control algorithm based current waveform correction for shunt active power filter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2007,22(2):127-131(in Chinese).
[7]周鑫,郭源博,张晓华,等.基于自适应跟踪控制的三相电压型PWM整流器[J].中国电机工程学报,2010,30(27):76-82.Zhou Xin,Guo Yuanbo,Zhang Xiaohua,et al.Three phase voltage type PWM rectifier based on adaptive tracking control[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(27):76-82(in Chinese).
[8]Zmood D N,Holmes D G,Bode G H.Frequency-domain analysis of three-phase linear current regulators[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2001,37(2):601-610.
[9]Zmood D N,Holmes D G.Stationary frame current regulation of pwm inverters with zero steady-state error[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,2003,18(3):814-822.
[10]Herman L,Papic I,Blazic B.A proportional-resonant current controller for selective harmonic compensation in a hybrid active power filter[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery,2014,29(5):2055-2065.
[11]周娟,张勇,耿乙文,等.四桥臂有源滤波器在静止坐标系下的改进PR控制[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(6):113-120.Zhou Juan,Zhang Yong,Geng Yiwen,et al.An improved proportional resonant control strategy in the static coordinate for four leg active power filters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(6):113-120(in Chinese).
[12]闫朝阳,白鹤,张喆,等.不平衡工况下基于虚拟阻抗法的并联三相四桥臂逆变器的桥臂控制[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(23):207-219.Yan Zhaoyang,Bai He,Zhang Zhe,et al.Leg control of parallel threephase four-leg inverter based on virtual impedance method under unbalance conditions[J].Transactions of China Electro technical Society,2017,32(23):207-219(in Chinese).
[13]刘威葳,丁洪发,段献忠.有源电力滤波器选择性谐波电流控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(27):14-20.Liu Weiwei,Ding Hongfa,Duan Xianzhong.Selective harmonic current control strategy in active power filters[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(27):14-20(in Chinese).
[14]尹春杰,王芳,石磊,等.基于瞬时电压矢量定向的有源电力滤波器补偿电流检测[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(7):112-118.Yin Chunjie,Wang Fang,Shi Lei,et al.Compensation current detection of active power filter based on instantaneous voltage vector orientation[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2017,32(7):112-118(in Chinese).
[15]Yuan Xiaoming,Merk W,Stemmler H,et al.Stationary frame generalized integrators for current control of active power filters with zero steady-state error for current harmonics of concern under unbalanced and distorted operating conditions[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2002,38(2):523-532.
[16]杨秋霞,梁雄国,郭小强,等.准谐振控制器在有源电力滤波器中的应用[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(7):171-176.Yang Qiuxia,Liang Xiongguo,Guo Xiaoqiang,et al.Application of quasi resonant controller for active power filter[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2009,24(7):171-176(in Chinese).
[17]耿乙文,伍小杰,周德佳,等.基于改进型比例谐振控制器的三相四线制光伏发电和有源滤波器系统[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(8):142-148.Geng Yiwen,Wu Xiaojie,Zhou Dejia,et al.Research on three phase four wire PV-AF system based on improved proportional resonant controllers[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2013,28(8):142-148(in Chinese).
[18]张茂松,李尚盛,查晓明,等.链式D-STATCOM的鲁棒L2性能准则设计[J].中国电机工程学报,2011,31(28):71-79.Zhang Maosong,Li Shangshen,Zha Xiaoming,et al.Robust L2performance criteria design for cascade D-STATCOM[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2011,31(28):71-79(in Chinese).