香椿种子特定贮藏条件下活力变化的研究
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摘要
[目的]通过对不同贮藏条件下香椿种子发芽指标、抗氧化酶活性等测定分析,探索种子含水量和贮藏温度对香椿种子生理生化特性的影响,为香椿种子的贮藏方法提供技术支持。[方法]利用100%湿度环境获得9.1%、12.2%、14.0%、15.8%和17.8%五个含水量的香椿种子,在10、15、和20℃下分别贮藏90 d,每30 d测定种子发芽率和抗氧化酶活性等指标。[结果]在相同贮藏条件下,随贮藏时间延长,种子发芽率、活力指数、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性逐渐下降,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性先升后降,浸出液电导率和丙二醛(MDA)逐渐上升。经90 d贮藏,随种子含水量或贮藏温度的升高,香椿种子发芽率和活力指数呈下降趋势,浸出液电导率和MDA含量显著上升,种子中SOD、POD和CAT活性均随贮藏时间的延长而显著下降。[结论]种子浸出液电导率和MDA含量与香椿种子发芽率呈显著负相关,抗氧化系统酶活性与发芽率呈显著正相关,膜质过氧化作用是引起香椿种子老化劣变的重要原因之一。本研究得出的香椿种子安全贮藏条件为:当温度不超过15℃时,含水量应控制在12.2%以下,当温度在15～20℃时,含水量应低于9.1%。
[Objective] To study the effects of seed moisture content and storage temperature on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Toona sinensis by analyzing the germination index and antioxidant enzyme activity, so as to provide references for the storage method of T. sinensis seed. [Method] The seeds of Toona sinensis with five water contents of 9.1%, 12.2%, 14.0%, 15.8% and 17.8% were obtained under 100% humidity environment and stored for 90 days at 10℃, 15℃ and 20℃. The seed germination rate and antioxidant enzyme activity were measured every 30 days. [Result] Under the same storage conditions, the seed germination percentage, vigor index, CAT activity and POD activity decreased gradually with the increase of storage time, and the SOD activity increased at first and then decreased, the conductivity and the content of MDA went up gradually. After 90 days of storage, with the increase of water content or temperature, the seed germination percentage and vigor index of T. sinensis decreased, the conductivity and MDA content of the extract increased significantly. The activities of SOD, POD and CAT decreased significantly with the deepening of aging. [Conclusion] Both conductivity and MDA content indexes are significantly and negatively correlated with germination percentage. Antioxidant enzyme activity is significantly and positively correlated with germination percentage. Membrane lipid peroxidation is one of the important reasons for aging deterioration of T. sinensis seed. The safe storage conditions of T. sinensis seed in this experiment are as follows: when the temperature does not exceed 15℃, the water content should be controlled below 12.2%; when the temperature is between 15℃ and 20℃, the water content should be below 9.1%.
[Objective] To study the effects of seed moisture content and storage temperature on the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Toona sinensis by analyzing the germination index and antioxidant enzyme activity, so as to provide references for the storage method of T. sinensis seed. [Method] The seeds of Toona sinensis with five water contents of 9.1%, 12.2%, 14.0%, 15.8% and 17.8% were obtained under 100% humidity environment and stored for 90 days at 10℃, 15℃ and 20℃. The seed germination rate and antioxidant enzyme activity were measured every 30 days. [Result] Under the same storage conditions, the seed germination percentage, vigor index, CAT activity and POD activity decreased gradually with the increase of storage time, and the SOD activity increased at first and then decreased, the conductivity and the content of MDA went up gradually. After 90 days of storage, with the increase of water content or temperature, the seed germination percentage and vigor index of T. sinensis decreased, the conductivity and MDA content of the extract increased significantly. The activities of SOD, POD and CAT decreased significantly with the deepening of aging. [Conclusion] Both conductivity and MDA content indexes are significantly and negatively correlated with germination percentage. Antioxidant enzyme activity is significantly and positively correlated with germination percentage. Membrane lipid peroxidation is one of the important reasons for aging deterioration of T. sinensis seed. The safe storage conditions of T. sinensis seed in this experiment are as follows: when the temperature does not exceed 15℃, the water content should be controlled below 12.2%; when the temperature is between 15℃ and 20℃, the water content should be below 9.1%.
引文
[1] 汤菊香,李广领,彩改玲,等.花生种子活力与生理生化性状关系的研究[J].河南农业大学学报,2005,39(3):300-303.
[2] 李庆梅,侯龙鱼,段新芳,等.油松种子超干贮藏生理生化特征的研究[J].林业科学研究,2009,22(1):124-128.
[3] 陈有民.园林树木学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1990.
[4] 金波,东惠茹.香椿种子及贮藏过程中的生理变化[J].上海农业学报,1991,7(4):38-42.
[5] 李秀信.香椿资源开发与利用[D].扬凌:西北农林科技大学,2005.
[6] GB 10016—1999 林木种子贮藏[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.
[7] GB 7908—1999 林木种子质量分级[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.
[8] GB 2772—1999 林木种子检验规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.
[9] 刘子凡.种子学实验指南[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2011.
[10] 高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[11] 林程,沈杭琪,关亚静,等.不同含水量和包装方式杂交水稻种子贮藏后生理生化及ABA和GA3相关基因表达的变化[J].植物生理学报,2017,53(6):1077-1086.
[12] 曾杰,翁启杰,郑海水.西南桦种子贮藏试验[J].林业科学研究,2001,14(4):430-434.
[13] 李春杰,王彦荣,朱廷恒,等.紫花苜蓿种子对逆境贮藏条件的反应[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(8):957-961.
[14] Goel A,Sheoran I S.Lipid peroxidation and peroxide scavenging enzymes in cotton seeds under natural ageing[J] .Biologia Plantarum,2003,46(3):429-434.
[15] Harrington J F.Thumb rules of drying seeds[J] .Crops and Soils,1960,13:16-17
[16] 王彦荣,余玲,刘友良,沈益新.数种牧草种子劣变的生活力与膜透性的关系[J].草业学报,2002,11(3):85-91.
[17] 杨晗,刘鸿飞,杨合龙,等.贮藏温度和种子含水量对扁穗冰草种子质量的影响[J].草业科学,2016,33(10):2033-2040.
[18] 马红媛,梁正伟.不同贮藏条件和发芽方法对羊草种子萌发的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(5):999-1004.
[19] 常海文,张凤兰,杨忠仁,等.沙葱种子贮藏陈化过程中的生理生化应答反应[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(7):1075-1081.
[20] 喻方圆,邵岚,沈永宝.杉木、马尾松种子贮藏过程中生理生化变化研究[J].林业科学,2006,42(12):137-142.
[21] 孙春青,杨伟,戴忠良,等.人工老化处理对结球甘蓝种子生理生化特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(8):1615-1620.
[22] Tang Shande,TeKrony D M,Egli D B.An alternative model to predict corn seed deterioration during storage [J].Crop Science,2000,40(2):463-470.
[23] Kong L Q,Mao P S,Yu X D,et al.Physiological changes in oat seeds aged at different moisture contents[J].Seed Science and technology,2014,42(2):190-201.
[24] 廖文燕,高捍东.金钱松种子贮藏过程中的生理生化特征研究[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(2):52-58.
[25] 白亚利,云岚,宋百枝.新麦草种子贮藏时间对种子活力的影响[J].种子,2015,34(8):33-38.
[26] 李吟平,程秋香,席鹏洲,等.含水量对黄精种子贮藏生理的影响[J].种子,2016,35(5):18-22,26.
[27] 李春雷,马世骏,彭滨,等.人工老化对玉米种子活力指标、内含物质含量及生理指标的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2014,36(5):505-509,514.
[28] Xia F S,Chen L L,Sun Yan,et al.Relationships between ultrastructure of embryo cells and biochemical variations during ageing of oat(Avena sativa L.)seeds with different moisture content[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2015,37(4):89-100.
[29] 陈玲玲,程航,张阳阳,等.不同贮藏年限敖汉苜蓿种子活力及生理特性的研究[J].种子,2017,36(3):23-27+32
[30] 解楠楠,骆文坚,姜琴,等.温度与含水量对金钱松种子贮藏的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2011,33(6):1100-1106.
[2] 李庆梅,侯龙鱼,段新芳,等.油松种子超干贮藏生理生化特征的研究[J].林业科学研究,2009,22(1):124-128.
[3] 陈有民.园林树木学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1990.
[4] 金波,东惠茹.香椿种子及贮藏过程中的生理变化[J].上海农业学报,1991,7(4):38-42.
[5] 李秀信.香椿资源开发与利用[D].扬凌:西北农林科技大学,2005.
[6] GB 10016—1999 林木种子贮藏[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.
[7] GB 7908—1999 林木种子质量分级[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.
[8] GB 2772—1999 林木种子检验规程[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2000.
[9] 刘子凡.种子学实验指南[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2011.
[10] 高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[11] 林程,沈杭琪,关亚静,等.不同含水量和包装方式杂交水稻种子贮藏后生理生化及ABA和GA3相关基因表达的变化[J].植物生理学报,2017,53(6):1077-1086.
[12] 曾杰,翁启杰,郑海水.西南桦种子贮藏试验[J].林业科学研究,2001,14(4):430-434.
[13] 李春杰,王彦荣,朱廷恒,等.紫花苜蓿种子对逆境贮藏条件的反应[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(8):957-961.
[14] Goel A,Sheoran I S.Lipid peroxidation and peroxide scavenging enzymes in cotton seeds under natural ageing[J] .Biologia Plantarum,2003,46(3):429-434.
[15] Harrington J F.Thumb rules of drying seeds[J] .Crops and Soils,1960,13:16-17
[16] 王彦荣,余玲,刘友良,沈益新.数种牧草种子劣变的生活力与膜透性的关系[J].草业学报,2002,11(3):85-91.
[17] 杨晗,刘鸿飞,杨合龙,等.贮藏温度和种子含水量对扁穗冰草种子质量的影响[J].草业科学,2016,33(10):2033-2040.
[18] 马红媛,梁正伟.不同贮藏条件和发芽方法对羊草种子萌发的影响[J].应用生态学报,2007,18(5):999-1004.
[19] 常海文,张凤兰,杨忠仁,等.沙葱种子贮藏陈化过程中的生理生化应答反应[J].植物生理学报,2015,51(7):1075-1081.
[20] 喻方圆,邵岚,沈永宝.杉木、马尾松种子贮藏过程中生理生化变化研究[J].林业科学,2006,42(12):137-142.
[21] 孙春青,杨伟,戴忠良,等.人工老化处理对结球甘蓝种子生理生化特性的影响[J].西北植物学报,2012,32(8):1615-1620.
[22] Tang Shande,TeKrony D M,Egli D B.An alternative model to predict corn seed deterioration during storage [J].Crop Science,2000,40(2):463-470.
[23] Kong L Q,Mao P S,Yu X D,et al.Physiological changes in oat seeds aged at different moisture contents[J].Seed Science and technology,2014,42(2):190-201.
[24] 廖文燕,高捍东.金钱松种子贮藏过程中的生理生化特征研究[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2012,36(2):52-58.
[25] 白亚利,云岚,宋百枝.新麦草种子贮藏时间对种子活力的影响[J].种子,2015,34(8):33-38.
[26] 李吟平,程秋香,席鹏洲,等.含水量对黄精种子贮藏生理的影响[J].种子,2016,35(5):18-22,26.
[27] 李春雷,马世骏,彭滨,等.人工老化对玉米种子活力指标、内含物质含量及生理指标的影响[J].吉林农业大学学报,2014,36(5):505-509,514.
[28] Xia F S,Chen L L,Sun Yan,et al.Relationships between ultrastructure of embryo cells and biochemical variations during ageing of oat(Avena sativa L.)seeds with different moisture content[J].Acta Physiologiae Plantarum,2015,37(4):89-100.
[29] 陈玲玲,程航,张阳阳,等.不同贮藏年限敖汉苜蓿种子活力及生理特性的研究[J].种子,2017,36(3):23-27+32
[30] 解楠楠,骆文坚,姜琴,等.温度与含水量对金钱松种子贮藏的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2011,33(6):1100-1106.