西方右翼民粹主义现状及思考
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摘要
美国总统特朗普的上台以及英国脱欧公投的决定,显示右翼民粹主义已经复苏,并在以美英为代表的国家的推动下向欧洲大陆蔓延。右翼民粹主义对西方民主制度以及多元文化价值观念的进一步发展产生了不可小觑的威胁,其发展趋势不容乐观。从界定右翼民粹主义谈起,聚焦右翼民粹主义在当今世界的新发展,分析英国公投脱欧和特朗普当选美国总统两大事件背后右翼民粹主义在西方社会重新抬头的原因与条件,探究它的社会文化根源和理论基础。同时,跨越地理边界,进一步探究在右翼民粹主义影响下欧洲一体化建设的发展走向与趋势。最后为西方社会主流政党认识右翼民粹主义提出思考路径。
The decision of US President Trump to come to power and the Brexit referendum shows that right-wing populism has been fully revived and spread to the European continent, driven by the United States and Britain. Right-wing populism has created a threat to the further development of Western democratic institutions and multicultural values, and its development trend is not optimistic. From the definition of right-wing populism, focusing on the new development of right-wing populism in today's world, analyzing the reasons and conditions for the new development of right-wing populism in Western society behind the two events of the British referendum Brexit and Trump's election to the US president, explore it Social and cultural roots and theoretical foundations. At the same time, across the geographical boundaries, we will further explore the future development trend and trend of European integration under the influence of right-wing populism. Finally, it proposes a path of thinking for the mainstream political parties in the West to understand the new development of right-wing populism.
The decision of US President Trump to come to power and the Brexit referendum shows that right-wing populism has been fully revived and spread to the European continent, driven by the United States and Britain. Right-wing populism has created a threat to the further development of Western democratic institutions and multicultural values, and its development trend is not optimistic. From the definition of right-wing populism, focusing on the new development of right-wing populism in today's world, analyzing the reasons and conditions for the new development of right-wing populism in Western society behind the two events of the British referendum Brexit and Trump's election to the US president, explore it Social and cultural roots and theoretical foundations. At the same time, across the geographical boundaries, we will further explore the future development trend and trend of European integration under the influence of right-wing populism. Finally, it proposes a path of thinking for the mainstream political parties in the West to understand the new development of right-wing populism.
引文
[1] 俞可平.现代化进程中的民粹主义[J].战略与管理,1997(1):88-89.
[2] 张莉.西欧民主制度的幽灵——右翼民粹主义政党研究[M].北京:中央编译出版社,2011:48-57.
[3] 周穗明.西方右翼民粹主义政治思潮述评[J].国外理论动态,2017(7):58-72.
[4] 林德山.民粹主义政党崛起对欧美政党政治的结构性变化的影响[J].党政研究,2017(6):39-47.
① 塔西佗陷阱在这里指的是西方传统的政治精英面临着公信力丧失的困境,即不论其所说所做是否真实,往往都会被民众认为是虚假的。
[2] 张莉.西欧民主制度的幽灵——右翼民粹主义政党研究[M].北京:中央编译出版社,2011:48-57.
[3] 周穗明.西方右翼民粹主义政治思潮述评[J].国外理论动态,2017(7):58-72.
[4] 林德山.民粹主义政党崛起对欧美政党政治的结构性变化的影响[J].党政研究,2017(6):39-47.
① 塔西佗陷阱在这里指的是西方传统的政治精英面临着公信力丧失的困境,即不论其所说所做是否真实,往往都会被民众认为是虚假的。