中国人口流动政策的演进、特点与建议
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摘要
随着城市化进程不断加快,中国流动人口规模日渐庞大,对人口流动的管理提出了更高的要求。本文从人口流动的政策演进及政策要素展开分析,研究结果显示:中华人民共和国成立以来,人口流动政策经历了两次"人口流动自由—人口流动管制"变化周期;改革开放后的人口流动政策经历了"人口流动放开—人口流动管制—人口流动加快—人口流动深化"四个时期。从人口流动政策的周期变化规律来看,当前迫切需要加快推进城乡各个领域的体制改革,加快改革城乡户籍制度,加快推进基本公共服务均等化,以促进人口科学流动。
As the process of urbanization continues to accelerate,the size of China's floating population is growing,and higher demands are placed on the management of population movements. This paper analyzes the policy evolution and policy elements of population mobility. The results show that since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the population mobility policy has experienced two cycles of ' population freedom-population control'; the population mobility policy after reform and opening up the four periods of ' population liberalization-population movement control-accelerated population movements-deepening population movements '. Judging from the cyclical changes in the population mobility policy,there is an urgent need to accelerate the institutional reform in various areas of urban and rural areas,accelerate the reform of the urban and rural household registration system,and accelerate the equalization of basic public services to promote the scientific mobility of population.
As the process of urbanization continues to accelerate,the size of China's floating population is growing,and higher demands are placed on the management of population movements. This paper analyzes the policy evolution and policy elements of population mobility. The results show that since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the population mobility policy has experienced two cycles of ' population freedom-population control'; the population mobility policy after reform and opening up the four periods of ' population liberalization-population movement control-accelerated population movements-deepening population movements '. Judging from the cyclical changes in the population mobility policy,there is an urgent need to accelerate the institutional reform in various areas of urban and rural areas,accelerate the reform of the urban and rural household registration system,and accelerate the equalization of basic public services to promote the scientific mobility of population.
引文
(1)李江涛:《建设人口均衡型社会推进国家人口发展战略转型》,《国家行政学院学报》2011年第6期。
(2)邹湘江:《基于“六普”数据的我国人口流动与分布分析》,《人口与经济》2011年第6期。
(3)Davin,D.,Internal Migration In Contemporary China.New York:St. Martin's Press, 1999.
(2)邹湘江:《基于“六普”数据的我国人口流动与分布分析》,《人口与经济》2011年第6期。
(3)Davin,D.,Internal Migration In Contemporary China.New York:St. Martin's Press, 1999.