大数据背景下侦查模式的转变
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摘要
大数据背景下的侦查模式具有侦查对象全景化、侦查体制一体化和侦查方式算法化等特点。在内外因的作用下,侦查机关转变传统侦查模式成为必然选择。这种转变主要发生在从个案分析到整体分析、从回溯型侦查到预测型侦查以及从"人、案"侦查要素到"人、数、案"侦查要素三个方面。在此背景下,侦查人员可以通过犯罪数据搜索、犯罪数据碰撞、犯罪数据挖掘、犯罪嫌疑人数据画像和犯罪网络分析等方式开展侦查。值得注意的是,在利用大数据技术进行侦查时,公安机关还应当着力加强对公民个人信息的保护、完善机关内外数据共享机制以及强化侦查工作与大数据技术的深度融合,以进一步完善大数据背景下的侦查模式。
The investigation mode under the background of big data has the characteristics of the panorama of investigation object, the integration of investigation system and the algorithm of detection. Under the influence of internal and external causes, it is inevitable for the investigation organ to transform the traditional investigation mode. This shift occurred mainly from the case analysis to the overall analysis, from the back investigation to the predictive investigation as well as from the investigation elements of "person-case" to "person-number-case". In this context, investigators can conduct investigation through data search, data collision, data mining, data portrait and criminal network analysis. It is important to note that when using the big data technology investigation,public security organs should also strive to strengthen the protection of citizens' personal information, improve the internal and external data sharing mechanism, and strengthen the investigation work and the depth of the technology of data fusion, to further improve the investigation under the background of big data model.
The investigation mode under the background of big data has the characteristics of the panorama of investigation object, the integration of investigation system and the algorithm of detection. Under the influence of internal and external causes, it is inevitable for the investigation organ to transform the traditional investigation mode. This shift occurred mainly from the case analysis to the overall analysis, from the back investigation to the predictive investigation as well as from the investigation elements of "person-case" to "person-number-case". In this context, investigators can conduct investigation through data search, data collision, data mining, data portrait and criminal network analysis. It is important to note that when using the big data technology investigation,public security organs should also strive to strengthen the protection of citizens' personal information, improve the internal and external data sharing mechanism, and strengthen the investigation work and the depth of the technology of data fusion, to further improve the investigation under the background of big data model.
引文
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[2][英]维克托·舍恩伯格,肯尼斯·库克耶.大数据时代[M].盛杨燕,周涛,译.杭州:浙江人民出版社,2013.
[3]杨郁娟.大数据侦查的证成:从信息化到大数据[J].铁道警察学院学报,2017(3):20-23.
[4]杨郁娟.侦查模式基本问题研究[J].吉林公安高等专科学校学报,2008(2):41-44.
[5]何军.大数据与侦查模式变革研究[J].中国人民公安大学学报:社会科学版,2015(1):72-80.
[6]最新《诺顿网络安全调查报告》揭示网络犯罪现状[EB/OL].(2015-11-24)[2018-09-03].http://tech.163.com/15/1124/22/B97ITTDN00094PDU.html.
[7]中国诈骗基地深度揭秘(3)[EB/OL].(2016-05-19)[2018-09-03].http://www.jiemian.com/article/654007.html.
[8]张俊岳.大数据背景下侦查工作的变革[J].北京警察学院学报,2014(4):48-50.
[9]刘鹏.大数据背景下的“盗抢骗”犯罪及打防对策[J].山东警察学院学报,2016(5):91-98.
[10]陈刚.李松岩.对以异常行为信息为基础科学构建积分预警系统的思考[J].北京警察学院学报,2013(1):49-52.
[11]网易新闻中心.39人涉嫌利用未公开信息非法交易被移送公安机关[EB/OL].(2014-12-27)[2018-09-03].http://news.163.com/14/1227/09/AEFASM5100014AED.html.
[12]陈东升.浙江公安厅长披露“浙江第一悬案”侦破五大关键[EB/OL].(2017-04-01)[2018-09-03].http://www.sohu.com/a/131477146_119038.
[13]王彬.杀人案件侦查中的大数据运用研究[J].广西警察学院学报,2017(6).
[14]王燃.大数据侦查[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2017.
[15]王彬.犯罪侦查中大数据运用的困境与破解[J].铁道警察学院学报,2017(4):38-44.
[16]王彬.犯罪中的大数据分析[J].中国刑警学院学报,2017(4).