最大脂肪氧化强度研究进展
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摘要
阐述了最大脂肪氧化运动强度(Fat_(max))进行减脂、促进健康的研究进展,为进行科学运动减脂提供了理论依据。Fat_(max)受最大脂肪氧化率(MFO)制约,而MFO随个体年龄增加而降低,训练有素的人MFO较高,且Fat_(max)较低,性别与肥胖程度对MFO的影响仍存有争议。药物(营养物)不同程度影响个体脂肪氧化;参与运动做功的肌肉量影响个体脂肪氧化。MIIT、HIIT、SIT有着与中等强度或Fat_(max)持续运动相比拟的减脂效果和健康促进作用;并阐述了不同强度运动的脂肪氧化机制。目前研究仍有4大问题亟待解决:(1)Fat_(max)的标准测试协议;(2)Fat_(max)是否是最佳减脂强度?(3)MIIT、HIIT、SIT运动的最佳减脂方案问题;(4)间歇运动减脂的机制:刺激的间歇性或脉动性对机体适应性反应起到怎样的作用?
This paper introduces the research progress of Fatmax in reducing fat and promoting health, which provides a theoretical basis for scientific exercise in reducing fat. Fatmax is restricted by MFO, and MFO decreases with the increase of individual age. The well-trained person has higher MFO and lower Fatmax. The influence of gender and obesity on MFO is still controversial. Drugs(nutrients) affect individual fat oxidation to varying degrees; muscle mass involved in exercise work affects individual fat oxidation. MIIT, HIIT and SIT have the same effect of reducing fat and promoting health as moderate intensity or Fatmax continuous exercise, and the mechanism of fat oxidation in different intensity exercise is expounded. At present, there are still four major problems to be solved urgently: 1) Fatmax Standard Test protocol; 2) Is Fatmax the best fat-reducing strength? 3) MIIT, HIIT, SIT exercise the best program of reducing fat; 4) Intermittent exercise mechanism of reducing fat: what effect does intermittent or pulsating stimulation have on the body's adaptive response?
This paper introduces the research progress of Fatmax in reducing fat and promoting health, which provides a theoretical basis for scientific exercise in reducing fat. Fatmax is restricted by MFO, and MFO decreases with the increase of individual age. The well-trained person has higher MFO and lower Fatmax. The influence of gender and obesity on MFO is still controversial. Drugs(nutrients) affect individual fat oxidation to varying degrees; muscle mass involved in exercise work affects individual fat oxidation. MIIT, HIIT and SIT have the same effect of reducing fat and promoting health as moderate intensity or Fatmax continuous exercise, and the mechanism of fat oxidation in different intensity exercise is expounded. At present, there are still four major problems to be solved urgently: 1) Fatmax Standard Test protocol; 2) Is Fatmax the best fat-reducing strength? 3) MIIT, HIIT, SIT exercise the best program of reducing fat; 4) Intermittent exercise mechanism of reducing fat: what effect does intermittent or pulsating stimulation have on the body's adaptive response?
引文
[1] 李盈盈,彭莉,毕晨超.不同测试方案对年轻女性最大脂肪氧化强度的影响[J].中国组织工程研究,2018,22(32):5145-5149.
[2] 张丽萍,章岚.递增负荷运动方案推算超重/肥胖青年男性FATmax有效性研究[J].中国体育科技,2018,54(3):87-91.
[3] 张勇,李之俊.训练者和无训练者脂肪氧化动力学与最大脂肪氧化强度研究[J].体育科学,2013,33(2):61-68.
[4] 张勇.运动与脂肪氧化动力学及最大脂肪氧化研究[D].上海:上海体育学院,2013.
[5] Achten J,Jeukendrup AE,2004.Relation between plasma lactate concentration and fat oxidation rates over a wide range of exercise intensities[J].International Journal of Sports Medicine,25(1):32-37.
[6] Achten J,Jeukendrup AE,2003.The effect of pre-exercise carbohydrate feedings on the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation[J].Journal of Sports Sciences,21(12):1017-1024.
[7] Achten J,Venables MC,Jeukendrup,AE,2003.Fat oxidation rates are higher during running compared with cycling over a wide range of intensities[J].Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental,52(6):747-752.
[8] Achten J,Gleeson M,Jeukendrup AE,2002.Determination of the exercise intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation[J].Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,34(1):92-97.
[9] Alkahtani S,2014.Comparing Fat Oxidation in an Exercise Test with Moderate-Intensity Interval Training[J].Journal of Sports Science and Medicine,13(1):51-58.
[10] Alkahtani SA,2013.Effect of interval training intensity on fat oxidation,blood lactate and the rate of perceived exertion in obese men[J].Springerplus,(2).
[11] Alkhatib A,2014.Yerba Mate (Illex Paraguariensis) ingestion augments fat oxidation and energy expenditure during exercise at various submaximal intensities[J].Nutrition & Metabolism,11(42).
[12] Andreato LV,Esteves JV,Coimbra DR,et al,2019.The influence of high-intensity interval training on anthropometric variables of adults with overweight or obesity:a systematic review and network meta-analysis[J].Obesity Reviews,20(1):142-155.
[13] Arad AD,DiMenna FJ,Thomas N,et al,2015.High-intensity interval training without weight loss improves exercise but not basal or insulin-induced metabolism in overweight/obese African American women[J].Journal of Applied Physiology,119(4):352-362.
[14] Aslankeser Z,Balci SS,2017.Substrate oxidation during incremental exercise in young women:the effects of 2-week high intensity interval training[J].Medicina Dello Sport,70(2):137-149.
[15] Astorino TA,Schubert MM,2018.Changes in fat oxidation in response to various regimes of high intensity interval training (HIIT)[J].European Journal of Applied Physiology,118(1):51-63.
[16] Astorino TA,Edmunds RM,Clark A,et al,2017.Change in maximal fat oxidation in response to different regimes of periodized high-intensity interval training (HIIT)[J].European Journal of Applied Physiology,117(4):745-755.
[2] 张丽萍,章岚.递增负荷运动方案推算超重/肥胖青年男性FATmax有效性研究[J].中国体育科技,2018,54(3):87-91.
[3] 张勇,李之俊.训练者和无训练者脂肪氧化动力学与最大脂肪氧化强度研究[J].体育科学,2013,33(2):61-68.
[4] 张勇.运动与脂肪氧化动力学及最大脂肪氧化研究[D].上海:上海体育学院,2013.
[5] Achten J,Jeukendrup AE,2004.Relation between plasma lactate concentration and fat oxidation rates over a wide range of exercise intensities[J].International Journal of Sports Medicine,25(1):32-37.
[6] Achten J,Jeukendrup AE,2003.The effect of pre-exercise carbohydrate feedings on the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation[J].Journal of Sports Sciences,21(12):1017-1024.
[7] Achten J,Venables MC,Jeukendrup,AE,2003.Fat oxidation rates are higher during running compared with cycling over a wide range of intensities[J].Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental,52(6):747-752.
[8] Achten J,Gleeson M,Jeukendrup AE,2002.Determination of the exercise intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation[J].Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise,34(1):92-97.
[9] Alkahtani S,2014.Comparing Fat Oxidation in an Exercise Test with Moderate-Intensity Interval Training[J].Journal of Sports Science and Medicine,13(1):51-58.
[10] Alkahtani SA,2013.Effect of interval training intensity on fat oxidation,blood lactate and the rate of perceived exertion in obese men[J].Springerplus,(2).
[11] Alkhatib A,2014.Yerba Mate (Illex Paraguariensis) ingestion augments fat oxidation and energy expenditure during exercise at various submaximal intensities[J].Nutrition & Metabolism,11(42).
[12] Andreato LV,Esteves JV,Coimbra DR,et al,2019.The influence of high-intensity interval training on anthropometric variables of adults with overweight or obesity:a systematic review and network meta-analysis[J].Obesity Reviews,20(1):142-155.
[13] Arad AD,DiMenna FJ,Thomas N,et al,2015.High-intensity interval training without weight loss improves exercise but not basal or insulin-induced metabolism in overweight/obese African American women[J].Journal of Applied Physiology,119(4):352-362.
[14] Aslankeser Z,Balci SS,2017.Substrate oxidation during incremental exercise in young women:the effects of 2-week high intensity interval training[J].Medicina Dello Sport,70(2):137-149.
[15] Astorino TA,Schubert MM,2018.Changes in fat oxidation in response to various regimes of high intensity interval training (HIIT)[J].European Journal of Applied Physiology,118(1):51-63.
[16] Astorino TA,Edmunds RM,Clark A,et al,2017.Change in maximal fat oxidation in response to different regimes of periodized high-intensity interval training (HIIT)[J].European Journal of Applied Physiology,117(4):745-755.