纳帕海湖滨带优势植物杉叶藻(Hippuris vulgaris)茎解剖结构对模拟增温的响应
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摘要
温度是影响植物茎解剖结构的重要环境因子,但过去对温度如何影响植物茎解剖结构的研究较少涉及湿地植物。基于IPCC对未来大气增温的预测,本研究以滇西北典型高原湿地——纳帕海流域为研究区域,采用开顶式生长室(OTCs)模拟大气增温,研究了湖滨带优势植物杉叶藻(Hippuris vulgaris)茎解剖结构对大气增温的响应。结果显示,增温显著增加了地上茎的表皮细胞厚度及角质层厚度,且地上茎的薄壁细胞大小及表皮细胞大小也呈增大趋势,所有地上茎性状均表现出随温度升高逐步增大的趋势。同时,增温对地下茎角质层厚度也存在显著影响,所有地下茎性状均表现出随温度升高先减小后增大的趋势。在众多温度变量中,年平均温度和日间平均温度对杉叶藻地上茎解剖性状的影响最为显著,且上述两温度变量与地上茎解剖性状均为正相关;年最高温和年平均温度对杉叶藻地下茎解剖性状的影响最为显著,且上述两温度变量与地下茎解剖性状均为负相关。本研究结果表明,气候变暖显著影响杉叶藻的茎解剖结构,体现了杉叶藻对增温的有效适应,进而揭示了高原湿地植物形态结构对气候变暖的响应规律及其生理生态适应策略。
Temperature is an important environmental factor affecting stem anatomical structure.It is less well understood how it affects the structure of wetland plants. In this study,we used open-top growth chambers( OTCs) to simulate climate warming,based on the prediction of future atmospheric warming by IPCC,to study the response of stem anatomical structure of the lakeside dominant species Hippuris vulgaris to the simulated warming in a typical plateau wetland in Northwestern Yunnan( Napahai basin). The results showed that warming significantly increased epidermal cell thickness and cuticle thickness of aboveground stem. The size of parenchyma cells and epidermal cells of the aboveground stem showed increasing trends. All the aboveground stem traits showed increasing trends with increasing temperature. Warming had a significant effect on cuticle thickness of belowground stem. All the belowground stem traits showed trends of decreasing first and then increasing with the increasing temperature. Among temperature variables,the annual mean temperature and daily mean temperature were the most significant factors positively affecting aboveground stem anatomical structure of H. vulgaris. The maximum temperature and annual mean temperature had most significantly negative impacts on the belowground stem anatomical structure of H. vulgaris. Our results suggest that warming significantly affects stem anatomical structure of H. vulgaris,reflecting its effective adaptation to warming,and thus reveal the response patterns and ecophysiological adaptive strategies of plant structure in plateau wetland to climate warming.
Temperature is an important environmental factor affecting stem anatomical structure.It is less well understood how it affects the structure of wetland plants. In this study,we used open-top growth chambers( OTCs) to simulate climate warming,based on the prediction of future atmospheric warming by IPCC,to study the response of stem anatomical structure of the lakeside dominant species Hippuris vulgaris to the simulated warming in a typical plateau wetland in Northwestern Yunnan( Napahai basin). The results showed that warming significantly increased epidermal cell thickness and cuticle thickness of aboveground stem. The size of parenchyma cells and epidermal cells of the aboveground stem showed increasing trends. All the aboveground stem traits showed increasing trends with increasing temperature. Warming had a significant effect on cuticle thickness of belowground stem. All the belowground stem traits showed trends of decreasing first and then increasing with the increasing temperature. Among temperature variables,the annual mean temperature and daily mean temperature were the most significant factors positively affecting aboveground stem anatomical structure of H. vulgaris. The maximum temperature and annual mean temperature had most significantly negative impacts on the belowground stem anatomical structure of H. vulgaris. Our results suggest that warming significantly affects stem anatomical structure of H. vulgaris,reflecting its effective adaptation to warming,and thus reveal the response patterns and ecophysiological adaptive strategies of plant structure in plateau wetland to climate warming.
引文
蔡永立,宋永昌.2001.浙江天童常绿阔叶林藤本植物的适应生态学.I.叶片解剖特征的比较.植物生态学报,25(1):90-98.
陈倩,周志立,史琛媛,等.2015.河北太行山丘陵区不同林分类型枯落物与土壤持水效益.水土保持学报,29(5):206-211.
陈豫梅,陈厚彬,陈国菊,等.2001.香蕉叶片形态结构与抗旱性关系的研究.热带农业科学,(4):14-16.
段喜华,孙立夫,马书荣,等.2003.不同海拔高度泡沙参叶片形态研究.植物研究,23(3):334-336.
高晨光,初敬华,朱秋广.2000.杉叶藻营养器官的解剖构造及适应机理的研究.吉林师范大学学报:自然科学版,(2):27-29.
郭婧宇,赵杏花,左合君.2017.柠条锦鸡儿小叶解剖结构的环境分异性研究.西北植物学报,37(12):2396-2402.
李鸿雁,李志勇,师文贵,等.2012.内蒙古扁蓿豆叶片解剖性状与抗旱性的研究.草业学报,21(3):138-146.
李吉跃,翟洪波.2000.木本植物水力结构与抗旱性.应用生态学报,11(2):301-305.
李宁云,袁华,田昆,等.2011.滇西北纳帕海湿地景观格局变化及其对土壤碳库的影响.生态学报,31(24):7388-7396.
李英年,赵新全,赵亮,等.2003.祁连山海北高寒湿地气候变化及植被演替分析.冰川冻土,25(3):243-249.
陆梅,田昆,莫剑锋.2011.高原湿地纳帕海4种湿地利用类型土壤养分和微生物特征研究.水土保持研究,18(2):241-245.
蒲汉丽,许明宪.1990.杏梨叶片耐旱的解剖学和生理学特性初步研究.甘肃农业科技,(2):14-16.
强胜.2006.植物学.北京:高等植物出版社.
尚文,杨永兴.2012.滇西北高原纳帕海湖滨湿地退化特征、规律与过程.应用生态学报,23(12):3257-3265.
孙碧徽,李荣全,段小春,等.2016.多年生黑麦草叶片形态与低温胁迫的生理响应.草业科学,33(3):450-458.
孙会婷,江莎,刘婧敏,等.2016.青藏高原不同海拔3种菊科植物叶片结构变化及其生态适应性.生态学报,36(6):1559-1570.
孙守琢.1993.杉叶藻的栽培与饲用.中国农业信息,(2):30-31.
屠骊珠.1982.内蒙古西部地区九种旱生植物叶的解剖观察.内蒙古大学学报:自然科学版,(4):485-504.
王晖,周守标,史国芹.2007.假俭草和结缕草营养器官结构对抗逆性的影响.植物研究,27(6):701-707.
肖德荣,田昆,袁华,等.2007.滇西北高原典型退化湿地纳帕海植物群落景观多样性.生态学杂志,26(8):1171-1176.
肖德荣,田昆,张利权.2008.滇西北高原纳帕海湿地植物多样性与土壤肥力的关系.生态学报,28(7):3116-3124.
杨静慧,杨焕婷.1996.苹果属植物叶片角质层厚度与抗旱性.天津农学院学报,(3):27-29.
叶春,李春华,邓婷婷.2015.论湖滨带的结构与生态功能.环境科学研究,28(2):171-181.
张海娜,苏培玺,李善家,等.2013.荒漠区植物光合器官解剖结构对水分利用效率的指示作用.生态学报,33(16):4909-4918.
赵祥,董宽虎,张垚,等.2010.不同居群达乌里胡枝子茎解剖结构与其抗旱性的关系.草地学报,18(5):615-621.
周智彬,李培军.2002.我国旱生植物的形态解剖学研究.干旱区研究,19(2):35-40.
Andrews M,Raven JA,Sprent JI.2001.Environmental effects on dry matter partitioning between shoot and root of crop plants:Relations with growth and shoot protein concentration.Annals of Applied Biology,138:57-68.
Brodribb TJ,Jordan GJ,Carpenter RJ.2013.Unified changes in cell size permit coordinated leaf evolution.New Phytologist,199:559-570.
Carver TLW,Gurr SJ.2006.Filamentous fungi on plant surfaces//Riederer M,Muller C,eds.Biology of the Plantcuticle.Oxford,UK:Blackwell Publishing:386-397.
Chapin FS III,Walker BH,Hobbs RJ,et al.1997.Biotic control over the functioning of ecosystems.Science,277:500-504.
Domínguez E,Heredia A.2011.The biophysical design of plant cuticles:An overview.New Phytologist,189:938-949.
Erwin KL.2009.Wetlands and global climate change:The role of wetland restoration in a changing world.Wetlands Ecology and Management,17:71.
Givnish TJ.1987.Comparative studies of leaf form:Assessing the relative roles of selective pressures and phylogenetic constraints.New Phytologist,106:131-160.
Heredia A.2003.Biophysical and biochemical characteristics of cutin,a plant barrier biopolymer.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta:General Subjects,1620:1-7.
Higuchi H,Sakuratani T,Utsunomiya N.1999.Photosynthesis,leaf morphology,and shoot growth as affected by temperatures in cherimoya(Annona cherimola Mill.)trees.Scientia Horticulturae,80:91-104.
Holloway PJ.1982.Structure and histochemistry of plant cuticular membranes:An overview//Cutler DF,Alvin KL,Price CE,eds.The Plant Cuticle.London,UK:Academic Press:1-32.
Hooper DU,Vitousek PM.1997.The effects of plant composition and diversity on ecosystem processes.Science,277:1302-1305.
IPCC.2013.Climate Change 2013:The Physical Science Basis.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Javelle M,Vernoud V,Rogowsky PM,et al.2011.Epidermis:The formation and functions of a fundamental plant tissue.New Phytologist,189:17-39.
Jenks MA,Ashworth EN.1999.Plant epicuticular waxes:Function,production,and genetics.Horticultural Review,23:1-68.
Kostina E,Wulff A,Julkunen-Tiitto R.2001.Growth,structure,stomatal responses and secondary metabolites of birch seedlings(Betula pendula)under elevated UV-B radiation in the field.Trees,15:483-491.
Krauss P,Markstadter C,Riederer M.1997.Attenuation of UVradiation by plant cuticles from woody species.Plant,Cell&Environment,20:1079-1085.
Kutschera U,Niklas KJ.2007.The epidermal-growth-control theory of stem elongation:An old and a new perspective.Journal of Plant Physiology,164:1395.
Onoda Y,Richards L,Westoby M.2012.The importance of leaf cuticle for carbon economy and,mechanical strength.New Phytologist,196:441-447.
Richardson D,Holmes P,Esler K,et al.2007.Riparian vegetation:Degradation,alien plant invasions,and restoration prospects.Diversity&Distributions,13:126-139.
Riederer M,Schreiber L.2001.Protecting against water loss:Analysis of the barrier properties of plant cuticles.Journal of Experimental Botany,52:2023-2032.
Riederer M,Müller C.2006.Biology of the Plant Cuticle.Oxford,UK:Blackwell Publishing.
Ristic Z,Jenks MA.2002.Leaf cuticle and water loss in maize lines differing in dehydration avoidance.Journal of Plant Physiology,159:645-651.
Savaldi-Goldstein S,Peto C,Chory J.2007.The epidermis both drives and restricts plant shoot growth.Nature,446:199-202.
Tilman D,Knops J,Wedin D,et al.1997.The influence of functional diversity and composition on ecosystem processes.Science,277:1300-1302.
Wardle DA,Zackrisson O.2005.Effects of species and functional group loss on island ecosystem properties.Nature,435:806-810.
Yeats TH,Rose JK.2013.The formation and function of plant cuticles.Plant Physiology,163:5-20.
Yuan YP,Dang QL.2003.Effects of soil temperature on biomass production and allocation in seedlings of four boreal tree species.Forest Ecology and Management,180:1-9.
陈倩,周志立,史琛媛,等.2015.河北太行山丘陵区不同林分类型枯落物与土壤持水效益.水土保持学报,29(5):206-211.
陈豫梅,陈厚彬,陈国菊,等.2001.香蕉叶片形态结构与抗旱性关系的研究.热带农业科学,(4):14-16.
段喜华,孙立夫,马书荣,等.2003.不同海拔高度泡沙参叶片形态研究.植物研究,23(3):334-336.
高晨光,初敬华,朱秋广.2000.杉叶藻营养器官的解剖构造及适应机理的研究.吉林师范大学学报:自然科学版,(2):27-29.
郭婧宇,赵杏花,左合君.2017.柠条锦鸡儿小叶解剖结构的环境分异性研究.西北植物学报,37(12):2396-2402.
李鸿雁,李志勇,师文贵,等.2012.内蒙古扁蓿豆叶片解剖性状与抗旱性的研究.草业学报,21(3):138-146.
李吉跃,翟洪波.2000.木本植物水力结构与抗旱性.应用生态学报,11(2):301-305.
李宁云,袁华,田昆,等.2011.滇西北纳帕海湿地景观格局变化及其对土壤碳库的影响.生态学报,31(24):7388-7396.
李英年,赵新全,赵亮,等.2003.祁连山海北高寒湿地气候变化及植被演替分析.冰川冻土,25(3):243-249.
陆梅,田昆,莫剑锋.2011.高原湿地纳帕海4种湿地利用类型土壤养分和微生物特征研究.水土保持研究,18(2):241-245.
蒲汉丽,许明宪.1990.杏梨叶片耐旱的解剖学和生理学特性初步研究.甘肃农业科技,(2):14-16.
强胜.2006.植物学.北京:高等植物出版社.
尚文,杨永兴.2012.滇西北高原纳帕海湖滨湿地退化特征、规律与过程.应用生态学报,23(12):3257-3265.
孙碧徽,李荣全,段小春,等.2016.多年生黑麦草叶片形态与低温胁迫的生理响应.草业科学,33(3):450-458.
孙会婷,江莎,刘婧敏,等.2016.青藏高原不同海拔3种菊科植物叶片结构变化及其生态适应性.生态学报,36(6):1559-1570.
孙守琢.1993.杉叶藻的栽培与饲用.中国农业信息,(2):30-31.
屠骊珠.1982.内蒙古西部地区九种旱生植物叶的解剖观察.内蒙古大学学报:自然科学版,(4):485-504.
王晖,周守标,史国芹.2007.假俭草和结缕草营养器官结构对抗逆性的影响.植物研究,27(6):701-707.
肖德荣,田昆,袁华,等.2007.滇西北高原典型退化湿地纳帕海植物群落景观多样性.生态学杂志,26(8):1171-1176.
肖德荣,田昆,张利权.2008.滇西北高原纳帕海湿地植物多样性与土壤肥力的关系.生态学报,28(7):3116-3124.
杨静慧,杨焕婷.1996.苹果属植物叶片角质层厚度与抗旱性.天津农学院学报,(3):27-29.
叶春,李春华,邓婷婷.2015.论湖滨带的结构与生态功能.环境科学研究,28(2):171-181.
张海娜,苏培玺,李善家,等.2013.荒漠区植物光合器官解剖结构对水分利用效率的指示作用.生态学报,33(16):4909-4918.
赵祥,董宽虎,张垚,等.2010.不同居群达乌里胡枝子茎解剖结构与其抗旱性的关系.草地学报,18(5):615-621.
周智彬,李培军.2002.我国旱生植物的形态解剖学研究.干旱区研究,19(2):35-40.
Andrews M,Raven JA,Sprent JI.2001.Environmental effects on dry matter partitioning between shoot and root of crop plants:Relations with growth and shoot protein concentration.Annals of Applied Biology,138:57-68.
Brodribb TJ,Jordan GJ,Carpenter RJ.2013.Unified changes in cell size permit coordinated leaf evolution.New Phytologist,199:559-570.
Carver TLW,Gurr SJ.2006.Filamentous fungi on plant surfaces//Riederer M,Muller C,eds.Biology of the Plantcuticle.Oxford,UK:Blackwell Publishing:386-397.
Chapin FS III,Walker BH,Hobbs RJ,et al.1997.Biotic control over the functioning of ecosystems.Science,277:500-504.
Domínguez E,Heredia A.2011.The biophysical design of plant cuticles:An overview.New Phytologist,189:938-949.
Erwin KL.2009.Wetlands and global climate change:The role of wetland restoration in a changing world.Wetlands Ecology and Management,17:71.
Givnish TJ.1987.Comparative studies of leaf form:Assessing the relative roles of selective pressures and phylogenetic constraints.New Phytologist,106:131-160.
Heredia A.2003.Biophysical and biochemical characteristics of cutin,a plant barrier biopolymer.Biochimica et Biophysica Acta:General Subjects,1620:1-7.
Higuchi H,Sakuratani T,Utsunomiya N.1999.Photosynthesis,leaf morphology,and shoot growth as affected by temperatures in cherimoya(Annona cherimola Mill.)trees.Scientia Horticulturae,80:91-104.
Holloway PJ.1982.Structure and histochemistry of plant cuticular membranes:An overview//Cutler DF,Alvin KL,Price CE,eds.The Plant Cuticle.London,UK:Academic Press:1-32.
Hooper DU,Vitousek PM.1997.The effects of plant composition and diversity on ecosystem processes.Science,277:1302-1305.
IPCC.2013.Climate Change 2013:The Physical Science Basis.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Javelle M,Vernoud V,Rogowsky PM,et al.2011.Epidermis:The formation and functions of a fundamental plant tissue.New Phytologist,189:17-39.
Jenks MA,Ashworth EN.1999.Plant epicuticular waxes:Function,production,and genetics.Horticultural Review,23:1-68.
Kostina E,Wulff A,Julkunen-Tiitto R.2001.Growth,structure,stomatal responses and secondary metabolites of birch seedlings(Betula pendula)under elevated UV-B radiation in the field.Trees,15:483-491.
Krauss P,Markstadter C,Riederer M.1997.Attenuation of UVradiation by plant cuticles from woody species.Plant,Cell&Environment,20:1079-1085.
Kutschera U,Niklas KJ.2007.The epidermal-growth-control theory of stem elongation:An old and a new perspective.Journal of Plant Physiology,164:1395.
Onoda Y,Richards L,Westoby M.2012.The importance of leaf cuticle for carbon economy and,mechanical strength.New Phytologist,196:441-447.
Richardson D,Holmes P,Esler K,et al.2007.Riparian vegetation:Degradation,alien plant invasions,and restoration prospects.Diversity&Distributions,13:126-139.
Riederer M,Schreiber L.2001.Protecting against water loss:Analysis of the barrier properties of plant cuticles.Journal of Experimental Botany,52:2023-2032.
Riederer M,Müller C.2006.Biology of the Plant Cuticle.Oxford,UK:Blackwell Publishing.
Ristic Z,Jenks MA.2002.Leaf cuticle and water loss in maize lines differing in dehydration avoidance.Journal of Plant Physiology,159:645-651.
Savaldi-Goldstein S,Peto C,Chory J.2007.The epidermis both drives and restricts plant shoot growth.Nature,446:199-202.
Tilman D,Knops J,Wedin D,et al.1997.The influence of functional diversity and composition on ecosystem processes.Science,277:1300-1302.
Wardle DA,Zackrisson O.2005.Effects of species and functional group loss on island ecosystem properties.Nature,435:806-810.
Yeats TH,Rose JK.2013.The formation and function of plant cuticles.Plant Physiology,163:5-20.
Yuan YP,Dang QL.2003.Effects of soil temperature on biomass production and allocation in seedlings of four boreal tree species.Forest Ecology and Management,180:1-9.