孤岛油田东区馆6低含油饱和度特稠油油藏成藏条件及油水分布模式
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摘要
低含油饱和度特稠油油藏的油水关系一般较为复杂,针对该类油藏开展油水分布规律研究是可动用储量评价与开发的基础。应用测井、岩心分析及开发动态等资料对孤岛油田东区馆6开展储层含油性评价及油水分布特征研究,认为其为油水关系复杂的低含油饱和度特稠油油藏。其油气成藏机制为:以重力、浮力为主的弱成藏动力难以排驱较小喉道孔隙中的原生水,致使河道边缘、河间滩地等物性较差的砂体含油饱和度较低;油气成藏后,孤北断层剧烈活动,致使其附近区域的地面原油密度超过1.01 g/cm3,具有一定长度的连续油柱足以克服毛细管力排出孔隙,聚集于构造低部位,形成油水倒置现象。以油藏成因机制研究为指导,根据油水分布特征及控制因素,将孤岛油田东区馆6低含油饱和度特稠油油藏的油水分布模式划分为4种类型,分别为岩性控制的Ⅰ类、构造控制的Ⅱ类、构造和岩性双重控制的Ⅲ类、油水密度分异控制的Ⅳ类,并制定了差异化的开发策略,进而实现储量评价及有效动用。
The oil and water relationship of low oil-saturated super-heavy oil reservoir is generally complicated.In this kind of reservoir,the study of oil-water distribution rule is the basis for probable reserves evaluation and development.Based on the data of logging,core analysis and development performance,the evaluation of oil-bearing property of reservoir and the oil and water distribution characteristics were studied in Ng6 layer in the east region of Gudao Oilfield,and it is believed that the reservoir is a low oil-saturated reservoir with complicated oil and water relationship.The weak driving forces dominated by gravity and buoyancy are difficult to drain the original water in pores with small throats,which leads to a lower oil saturation of sand bodies in the river edge and river beach with poor physical property.After the accumulation of oil and gas,the intense movement of Gubei Fault make oil density increase to 1.01 g/cm3,and continuous oil column with a certain length is able to make oil overcome capillarity pressure and blow out of pore to gather in low part of the structure and make inversion of oil and water.Directed by reservoir development mechanism based on oil-water distribution characteristics and control factors,the oil-water distribution pattern of Ng6 low oil-saturated super-heavy oil can be divided into four patterns including,lithological controlled patternⅠ,tectonic controlled patternⅡ,tectonic and lithological controlled patternⅢ,and oil-water density differentiation controlled patternⅣ.This research formulates the differentiated development strategy and realizes reserves evaluation and effective utilization.
The oil and water relationship of low oil-saturated super-heavy oil reservoir is generally complicated.In this kind of reservoir,the study of oil-water distribution rule is the basis for probable reserves evaluation and development.Based on the data of logging,core analysis and development performance,the evaluation of oil-bearing property of reservoir and the oil and water distribution characteristics were studied in Ng6 layer in the east region of Gudao Oilfield,and it is believed that the reservoir is a low oil-saturated reservoir with complicated oil and water relationship.The weak driving forces dominated by gravity and buoyancy are difficult to drain the original water in pores with small throats,which leads to a lower oil saturation of sand bodies in the river edge and river beach with poor physical property.After the accumulation of oil and gas,the intense movement of Gubei Fault make oil density increase to 1.01 g/cm3,and continuous oil column with a certain length is able to make oil overcome capillarity pressure and blow out of pore to gather in low part of the structure and make inversion of oil and water.Directed by reservoir development mechanism based on oil-water distribution characteristics and control factors,the oil-water distribution pattern of Ng6 low oil-saturated super-heavy oil can be divided into four patterns including,lithological controlled patternⅠ,tectonic controlled patternⅡ,tectonic and lithological controlled patternⅢ,and oil-water density differentiation controlled patternⅣ.This research formulates the differentiated development strategy and realizes reserves evaluation and effective utilization.
引文
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[12]渠芳,陈清华,连承波.河流相储层细分对比方法探讨[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,23(1):17-21.QU Fang,CHEN Qinghua,LIAN Chengbo.Discussion on the method for the subdivision and comparison of fluvial reservoir[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2008,23(1):17-21.
[13]赵翰卿.储层非均质体系、砂体内部建筑结构和流动单元研究思路探讨[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(6):16-18,43.ZHAO Hanqing.Approach to the study thinking about reservoir heterogeneous system,sand-body internal construction structure and flow unit[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2002,21(6):16-18,43.
[14]张昌民,尹太举,赵磊,等.辫状河储层内部建筑结构分析[J].地质科技情报,2013,32(4):7-13.ZHANG Changmin,YIN Taiju,ZHAO Lei,et al.Reservoir architectural analysis of braided channel[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2013,32(4):7-13.
[15]鲜本忠.孤岛油田馆陶组上段河流相建筑结构及其在油藏描述中的应用[C].2004第三届油气储层研讨会论文摘要集,2004.XIAN Benzhong.Architecture of fluvial facies in Upper Ng Member of Gudao Oilfield and its application to reservoir description[C].Abstract of the Third Oil and Gas Reservoir Symposium(2004),2004.
[16]杨晓敏.披覆构造混源油来源与富集特征--以孤岛凸起为例[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2009.YANG Xiaomin.Sources and accumulation characteristics of mixed oil in drape structure:a case study of Gudao Uplift[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2009.
[17]万雪峰.断裂向上和向下输导油气特征的差异性[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2018,37(3):16-21.WAN Xuefeng.Differences in the characteristics of the upward and downward hydrocarbon transportations by the faults[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2018,37(3):16-21.
[18]田世澄,陈建渝,张树林,等.论成藏动力学系统[J].勘探家,1996,1(2):20-24.TIAN Shicheng,CHEN Jianyu,ZHANG Shulin,et al.Dynamic pool-formation system[J].Explorationist,1996,1(2):20-24.
[19]严科,任怀强.稠油油藏油水倒置现象探讨--以孤岛油田中一区馆陶组6-7砂层组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(5):635-640.YAN Ke,REN Huaiqiang.Oil/water inversion and juxtaposition in heavy oil reservoirs:Taking6-7 sand members of Guantao Formation,Gudao Oilfield as an example[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(5):635-640.
[20]陈振标.超稠油油藏油水倒置成因及含油面积圈定探析--以埕东油田埕911-平1块馆下段为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(5):53-57.CHEN Zhenbiao.Genesis of oil/water inversion and delineation of oil-bearing area in super-heavy oil reservoirs:A case study of the lower member of Guantao Formation in Block Cheng911-Ping1,Chengdong Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(5):53-57.
[21]严科,杨少春,任怀强.稠油油藏油水分布模式及成因探讨[J].特种油气藏,2008,15(论文集):143-147.YAN Ke,YANG Shaochun,REN Huaiqiang.Study on oil and water distribution pattern and cause in heavy oil reservoir[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoir,2008,15(Proceedings):143-147.
[22]孙洪军.“水包油”油藏成因机制探讨及石油地质意义[J].自然科学,2017,5(5):457-465.SUN Hongjun.Genetic mechanism discussion and petroleum geological significance of“oil-in-water”reservoir[J].Natural Science,2017,5(5):457-465.
[2]许秀才.古龙凹陷葡萄花油层低饱和度油藏成因[J].断块油气田,2017,24(3):320-323.XU Xiucai.Genesis of low oil-saturated reservoir of Putaohua oil layer in Gulong Sag[J].Fault-Block Oil&Gas Field,2017,24(3):320-323.
[3]刘俊田,李斌,郑玉萍,等.红台地区低饱和度油气藏成藏主控因素分析[J].特种油气藏,2016,23(4):37-41.LIU Juntian,LI Bin,ZHENG Yuping,et al.Key controlling-factors of low-saturation hydrocarbon accumulation in Hongtai[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2016,23(4):37-41.
[4]陆先亮,束青林,曾祥平,等.孤岛油田精细地质研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005.LU Xianliang,SHU Qinglin,ZENG Xiangping,et al.Fine geological study of Gudao Oilfield[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2005.
[5]王忠.孤岛油田馆陶组含油层系多源供烃判识及成藏分析[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(3):399-406.WANG Zhong.Oil sources in multi-directions and accumulation analysis in Guantao Formation of Gudao Oilfield in Zhanhua Sag[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(3):399-406.
[6]张善文,王永诗,石砥石,等.网毯式油气成藏体系--以济阳坳陷新近系为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(1):1-10.ZHANG Shanwen,WANG Yongshi,SHI Dishi,et al.Meshworkcarpet type oil and gas pool-forming system:Taking Neogene of Jiyang depression as an example[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2003,30(1):1-10.
[7]渠芳,陈清华.对孤岛油田西南缘断层活动性的新认识[J].地球科学与环境学报,2009,31(4):394-399,422.QU Fang,CHEN Qinghua.New recognitions about fault activity of the southwestern margin of Gudao oilfield[J].Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,2009,31(4):394-399,422.
[8]李兴国.陆相储层沉积微相与微型构造[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000.LI Xingguo.Continental reservoir sedimentary microfacies and microstructure[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2000.
[9]乔雨朋,邱隆伟,邵先杰,等.辫状河储层构型表征研究进展[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(6):34-42.QIAO Yupeng,QIU Longwei,SHAO Xianjie,et al.Research progress on characterization of braided river reservoir architecture[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(6):34-42.
[10]李俊飞,霍春亮,叶小明,等.渤海海域L油田砂质辫状河储层构型特征[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(6):48-53.LI Junfei,HUO Chunliang,YE Xiaoming,et al.Internal architecture characteristics of sandy braided-river reservoirs in L Oilfield,Bohai Bay Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(6):48-53.
[11]渠芳,陈清华,连承波.河流相储层构型及其对油水分布的控制[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,32(3):14-18.QU Fang,CHEN Qinghua,LIAN Chengbo.Fluvial facies reservoir architecture and its control over the distribution of oil and water[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2008,32(3):14-18.
[12]渠芳,陈清华,连承波.河流相储层细分对比方法探讨[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,23(1):17-21.QU Fang,CHEN Qinghua,LIAN Chengbo.Discussion on the method for the subdivision and comparison of fluvial reservoir[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2008,23(1):17-21.
[13]赵翰卿.储层非均质体系、砂体内部建筑结构和流动单元研究思路探讨[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(6):16-18,43.ZHAO Hanqing.Approach to the study thinking about reservoir heterogeneous system,sand-body internal construction structure and flow unit[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2002,21(6):16-18,43.
[14]张昌民,尹太举,赵磊,等.辫状河储层内部建筑结构分析[J].地质科技情报,2013,32(4):7-13.ZHANG Changmin,YIN Taiju,ZHAO Lei,et al.Reservoir architectural analysis of braided channel[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2013,32(4):7-13.
[15]鲜本忠.孤岛油田馆陶组上段河流相建筑结构及其在油藏描述中的应用[C].2004第三届油气储层研讨会论文摘要集,2004.XIAN Benzhong.Architecture of fluvial facies in Upper Ng Member of Gudao Oilfield and its application to reservoir description[C].Abstract of the Third Oil and Gas Reservoir Symposium(2004),2004.
[16]杨晓敏.披覆构造混源油来源与富集特征--以孤岛凸起为例[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2009.YANG Xiaomin.Sources and accumulation characteristics of mixed oil in drape structure:a case study of Gudao Uplift[D].Beijing:China University of Geosciences(Beijing),2009.
[17]万雪峰.断裂向上和向下输导油气特征的差异性[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2018,37(3):16-21.WAN Xuefeng.Differences in the characteristics of the upward and downward hydrocarbon transportations by the faults[J].Petroleum Geology&Oilfield Development in Daqing,2018,37(3):16-21.
[18]田世澄,陈建渝,张树林,等.论成藏动力学系统[J].勘探家,1996,1(2):20-24.TIAN Shicheng,CHEN Jianyu,ZHANG Shulin,et al.Dynamic pool-formation system[J].Explorationist,1996,1(2):20-24.
[19]严科,任怀强.稠油油藏油水倒置现象探讨--以孤岛油田中一区馆陶组6-7砂层组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(5):635-640.YAN Ke,REN Huaiqiang.Oil/water inversion and juxtaposition in heavy oil reservoirs:Taking6-7 sand members of Guantao Formation,Gudao Oilfield as an example[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(5):635-640.
[20]陈振标.超稠油油藏油水倒置成因及含油面积圈定探析--以埕东油田埕911-平1块馆下段为例[J].油气地质与采收率,2017,24(5):53-57.CHEN Zhenbiao.Genesis of oil/water inversion and delineation of oil-bearing area in super-heavy oil reservoirs:A case study of the lower member of Guantao Formation in Block Cheng911-Ping1,Chengdong Oilfield[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2017,24(5):53-57.
[21]严科,杨少春,任怀强.稠油油藏油水分布模式及成因探讨[J].特种油气藏,2008,15(论文集):143-147.YAN Ke,YANG Shaochun,REN Huaiqiang.Study on oil and water distribution pattern and cause in heavy oil reservoir[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoir,2008,15(Proceedings):143-147.
[22]孙洪军.“水包油”油藏成因机制探讨及石油地质意义[J].自然科学,2017,5(5):457-465.SUN Hongjun.Genetic mechanism discussion and petroleum geological significance of“oil-in-water”reservoir[J].Natural Science,2017,5(5):457-465.