深孔爆破切顶对沿空留巷围岩稳定性影响的研究
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摘要
为了在山西省南阳煤矿3207工作面顺利实施沿空留巷无煤柱开采,在靠近巷旁支护墙的采空区侧进行超前深孔爆破预裂顶板,通过数值模拟计算和现场工业试验,进行了深孔爆破切顶对沿空留巷围岩稳定性影响的研究。以南阳煤矿3207工作面运输巷沿空留巷为背景,构建了数值模拟计算模型,计算了留巷的顶、底板位移和墙体、煤帮的位移,分析了留巷围岩的应力分布与变化。数值计算表明,切顶后沿空留巷围岩应力和位移的减小幅度较大,围岩稳定性显著提高。现场工业试验研究表明,深孔爆破切顶能有效地消除悬臂梁顶板对留巷围岩的旋转挤压破坏,有助于沿空留巷结构保持稳定和完整。
In order to smoothly implement gob-side entry retaining and mining without coal pillar in 3207 working face of Nanyang Coal Mine,Shanxi Province,this paper proposes to carry out advanced deep-hole blasting pre-splitting roof near gob side supporting wall.Through numerical simulation and field industrial test,the influence of deep-hole blasting roof cutting on surrounding rock stability of gob-side retaining roadway is studied.Based on the backdrop of retaining roadway along goaf in 3207 working face of Nanyang coal mine,a numerical simulation model was established,the displacement of roof and floor,wall and coal body of retained roadway,the stress distribution and variation of surrounding rock of retaining roadway were calculated.The numerical calculation shows that the variation of stress and displacement of surrounding rock in gob-side retaining roadway decreases greatly after roof cutting,and the stability of surrounding rock is improved significantly.The field industrial test results show that deep-hole blasting roof cutting can effectively eliminate the rotational extrusion damage of cantilever beam roof to surrounding rock of gob-side retaining roadway,and help to maintain the stability and integrity of gob-side retaining roadway structure.The research results of this paper can be used for reference in the design and construction of gob-side entry retaining project.
In order to smoothly implement gob-side entry retaining and mining without coal pillar in 3207 working face of Nanyang Coal Mine,Shanxi Province,this paper proposes to carry out advanced deep-hole blasting pre-splitting roof near gob side supporting wall.Through numerical simulation and field industrial test,the influence of deep-hole blasting roof cutting on surrounding rock stability of gob-side retaining roadway is studied.Based on the backdrop of retaining roadway along goaf in 3207 working face of Nanyang coal mine,a numerical simulation model was established,the displacement of roof and floor,wall and coal body of retained roadway,the stress distribution and variation of surrounding rock of retaining roadway were calculated.The numerical calculation shows that the variation of stress and displacement of surrounding rock in gob-side retaining roadway decreases greatly after roof cutting,and the stability of surrounding rock is improved significantly.The field industrial test results show that deep-hole blasting roof cutting can effectively eliminate the rotational extrusion damage of cantilever beam roof to surrounding rock of gob-side retaining roadway,and help to maintain the stability and integrity of gob-side retaining roadway structure.The research results of this paper can be used for reference in the design and construction of gob-side entry retaining project.
引文
[1] 岳中文,杨仁树,闫振东,等.复合顶板大断面煤巷围岩稳定性试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2011,36(增1):47-52.Yue Zhongwen,Yang Renshu,Yan Zhendong,et al.Experimental study on stability of surrounding rock of large cross-section coal roadway with composite roof[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(S1):47-52.
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[6] 武景云,李学彬,马鹏鹏,等.高支承压力区沿空留巷围岩稳定性数值分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2010,38(6):23-26.Wu Jingyun,Li Xuebin,Ma Pengpeng,et al.Numerical analysis of surrounding rock stability of gob-side entry retained in high abutment pressure area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2010,38(6):23-26.
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[8] 周保精,徐金海,倪海敏.小宽高比充填体沿空留巷稳定性研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(增1):33-37.Zhou Baojing,Xu Jinhai,Ni Haimin.Study on the stability of gob-side entry retained by filling body with small aspect ratio[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(S1):33-37.
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[10] 李化敏.沿空留巷顶板岩层控制设计[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):651-654.Li Huamin.Design of roof strata control for gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(5):651-654.
[11] 张自政,王卫军,于宪阳.深部沿空留巷实体煤帮变形影响因素及规律[J].矿业工程研究,2017,32(3):39-44.Zhang Zizheng,Wang Weijun,Yu Xianyang.Influencing factors and laws of deformation of solid coal seam in deep gob-side entry retaining[J].Mining Engineering Research,2017,32(3):39-44.
[12] 赵健,张鹏.沿空留巷围岩给定变形及巷旁支护时机研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(2):68-71.Zhao Jian,Zhang Peng.Study on the surrounding rock deformation and the timing of roadside support for gob-side entry retention[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(2):68-71.
[13] 谭云亮,于凤海,宁建国,等.沿空巷旁支护适应性原理与支护方法[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):376-382.Tan Yunliang,Yu Fenghai,Ning Jianguo,et al.Principle of adaptability and support method of roadside support along goaf[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(2):376-382.
[14] 宁建国,马鹏飞,刘学生,等.坚硬顶板沿空留巷巷旁“让-抗”支护机理[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):369-374.Ning Jianguo,Ma Pengfei,Liu Xuesheng,et al.Supporting mechanism of “jean-resistance” in gob-side entry with hard roof[J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):369-374.
[15] 唐建新,胡海,涂兴东,等.普通混凝土巷旁充填沿空留巷试验[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(9):1425-1429.Tang Jianxin,Hu Hai,Tu Xingdong,et al.Test of gob-side entry retaining with ordinary concrete roadside filling[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(9):1425-1429.
[16] 杨仁树,佟强,杨国梁.聚能管装药预裂爆破模拟试验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(5):631-635.Yang Renshu,Tong Qiang,Yang Guoliang.Simulated experimental study on pre-splitting blasting of shaped charge tube[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2010,39(5):631-635.
[17] 徐刚,贾昆,于永江.深孔爆破技术在煤矿中的应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2006,25(增2):28-30.Xu Gang,Jia Kun,Yu Yongjiang.Application of deep hole blasting technology in coal mine[J].Journal of Liaoning University of Engineering and Technology,2006,25(S2):28-30.
[18] 郭德勇,商登莹,吕鹏飞,等.深孔聚能爆破坚硬顶板弱化试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(7):1149-1153.Guo Deyong,Shang Dengying,Lu Pengfei,et al.Experimental study on the weakening of hard roof by deep hole shaped charge blasting[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(7):1149-1153.
[19] 侯朝炯,李学华.综放沿空掘巷围岩大、小结构的稳定性原理[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(1):1-7.Hou Chaojiong,Li Xuehua.Stability principle of large and small structures of surrounding rock in gob-side driving with fully mechanized caving[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2001,26(1):1-7.
[20] 何满潮,陈上元,郭志飚,等.切顶卸压沿空留巷围岩结构控制及其工程应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(5):959-969.He Manchao,Chen Shangyuan,Guo Zhibiao,et al.Structural control of surrounding rock and engineering application of gob-side entry retained by roof cutting and pressure release[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2017,46(5):959-969.
[21] 郭建伟,赵家巍.沿空留巷下位顶板破断规律与控制机理研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(6):802-807.Guo Jianwei,Zhao Jiawei.Study on the breaking law and control mechanism of the lower roof of gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2012,29(6):802-807.
[22] 周睿,李元辉,闫斌移.基本顶断裂位置条件下沿空留巷充填体参数确定[J].中国矿业,2016,25(12):76-81.Zhou Rui,Li Yuanhui,Yan Binyi.Determination of filling body parameters for gob-side entry retaining under the condition of fracture position of basic roof[J].China Mining,2016,25(12):76-81.
[23] 侯公羽,谢冰冰,胡涛,等.使用BOTDR技术进行隧道监测的光纤护套效应[J].岩土力学,2017,38(8):2441-2447.Hou Gongyu,Xie Bingbing,Hu Tao,et al.Optical fiber sheath effect for tunnel monitoring using BOTDR technology[J].Geomechanics,2017,38(8):2441-2447.
[24] 韩昌良,张农,阚甲广,等.沿空留巷“卸压-锚固”双重主动控制机理与应用[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(增2):323-330.Han Changliang,Zhang Nong,Kan Jiaguang,et al.Dual active control mechanism and application of pressure release and anchorage for gob-side entry retention[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(S2):323-330.
[25] 钱鸣高,石平五,许家林.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2010.
[26] 余一松.岩石碎胀系数与深孔爆破补偿空间的关系[J].现代矿业,2015(12):138-139.Yu Yisong.The relationship between rock fragmentation coefficient and compensation space of deep-hole blasting[J].Modern Mining Industry,2015(12):138-139.
[27] 缪协兴,茅献彪.岩石(煤)的碎胀与压实特性研究[J].试验力学,1997(3):394-400.Miao Xiexing,Mao Xianbiao.Study on the fragmentation and compaction characteristics of rock(coal)[J].Experimental Mechanics,1997(3):394-400.
[2] 郭庆勇,高明涛,周明.无煤柱开采巷道围岩稳定性分析[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(增1):33-37.Guo Qingyong,Gao Mingtao,Zhou Ming.Stability analysis of roadway surrounding rock in pillarless mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(S1):33-37.
[3] 裴孟松,鲁岩,郭卫彬,等.含夹矸厚煤层沿空巷道围岩稳定性及支护技术研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2014,31(6):950-956.Pei Mengsong,Lu Yan,Guo Weibin,et al.Study on stability and support technology of gob-side roadway surrounding rock in thick coal seam containing gangue[J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2014,31(6):950-956.
[4] 巨峰,陈志维,张强,等.固体充填采煤沿空留巷围岩稳定性控制研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2015,32(6):936-942.Ju Feng,Chen Zhiwei,Zhang Qiang,et al.Study on stability control of surrounding rock of gob-side entry retained by solid filling mining[J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2015,32(6):936-942.
[5] 张山松,李志华.深部沿空留巷围岩稳定性变化规律研究[J].煤矿开采,2015,20(5):39-42.Zhang Shansong,Li Zhihua.Study on the stability of surrounding rock of gob-side entry retained in deep seam[J].Coal Mining,2015,20(5):39-42.
[6] 武景云,李学彬,马鹏鹏,等.高支承压力区沿空留巷围岩稳定性数值分析[J].煤炭科学技术,2010,38(6):23-26.Wu Jingyun,Li Xuebin,Ma Pengpeng,et al.Numerical analysis of surrounding rock stability of gob-side entry retained in high abutment pressure area[J].Coal Science and Technology,2010,38(6):23-26.
[7] 谢文兵.综放沿空留巷围岩稳定性影响分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(18):3059-3065.Xie Wenbing.Analysis of stability of surrounding rock of gob-side entry retaining in fully mechanized caving[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(18):3059-3065.
[8] 周保精,徐金海,倪海敏.小宽高比充填体沿空留巷稳定性研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(增1):33-37.Zhou Baojing,Xu Jinhai,Ni Haimin.Study on the stability of gob-side entry retained by filling body with small aspect ratio[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(S1):33-37.
[9] 陈勇,柏建彪,王襄禹,等.沿空留巷巷内支护技术研究与应用[J].煤炭学报,2012,37(6):903-910.Chen Yong,Bai Jianbiao,Wang Xiangyu,et al.Research and application of support technology in gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2012,37(6):903-910.
[10] 李化敏.沿空留巷顶板岩层控制设计[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2000,19(5):651-654.Li Huamin.Design of roof strata control for gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2000,19(5):651-654.
[11] 张自政,王卫军,于宪阳.深部沿空留巷实体煤帮变形影响因素及规律[J].矿业工程研究,2017,32(3):39-44.Zhang Zizheng,Wang Weijun,Yu Xianyang.Influencing factors and laws of deformation of solid coal seam in deep gob-side entry retaining[J].Mining Engineering Research,2017,32(3):39-44.
[12] 赵健,张鹏.沿空留巷围岩给定变形及巷旁支护时机研究[J].煤炭工程,2017,49(2):68-71.Zhao Jian,Zhang Peng.Study on the surrounding rock deformation and the timing of roadside support for gob-side entry retention[J].Coal Engineering,2017,49(2):68-71.
[13] 谭云亮,于凤海,宁建国,等.沿空巷旁支护适应性原理与支护方法[J].煤炭学报,2016,41(2):376-382.Tan Yunliang,Yu Fenghai,Ning Jianguo,et al.Principle of adaptability and support method of roadside support along goaf[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(2):376-382.
[14] 宁建国,马鹏飞,刘学生,等.坚硬顶板沿空留巷巷旁“让-抗”支护机理[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2013,30(3):369-374.Ning Jianguo,Ma Pengfei,Liu Xuesheng,et al.Supporting mechanism of “jean-resistance” in gob-side entry with hard roof[J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):369-374.
[15] 唐建新,胡海,涂兴东,等.普通混凝土巷旁充填沿空留巷试验[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(9):1425-1429.Tang Jianxin,Hu Hai,Tu Xingdong,et al.Test of gob-side entry retaining with ordinary concrete roadside filling[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(9):1425-1429.
[16] 杨仁树,佟强,杨国梁.聚能管装药预裂爆破模拟试验研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(5):631-635.Yang Renshu,Tong Qiang,Yang Guoliang.Simulated experimental study on pre-splitting blasting of shaped charge tube[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2010,39(5):631-635.
[17] 徐刚,贾昆,于永江.深孔爆破技术在煤矿中的应用[J].辽宁工程技术大学学报,2006,25(增2):28-30.Xu Gang,Jia Kun,Yu Yongjiang.Application of deep hole blasting technology in coal mine[J].Journal of Liaoning University of Engineering and Technology,2006,25(S2):28-30.
[18] 郭德勇,商登莹,吕鹏飞,等.深孔聚能爆破坚硬顶板弱化试验研究[J].煤炭学报,2013,38(7):1149-1153.Guo Deyong,Shang Dengying,Lu Pengfei,et al.Experimental study on the weakening of hard roof by deep hole shaped charge blasting[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2013,38(7):1149-1153.
[19] 侯朝炯,李学华.综放沿空掘巷围岩大、小结构的稳定性原理[J].煤炭学报,2001,26(1):1-7.Hou Chaojiong,Li Xuehua.Stability principle of large and small structures of surrounding rock in gob-side driving with fully mechanized caving[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2001,26(1):1-7.
[20] 何满潮,陈上元,郭志飚,等.切顶卸压沿空留巷围岩结构控制及其工程应用[J].中国矿业大学学报,2017,46(5):959-969.He Manchao,Chen Shangyuan,Guo Zhibiao,et al.Structural control of surrounding rock and engineering application of gob-side entry retained by roof cutting and pressure release[J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2017,46(5):959-969.
[21] 郭建伟,赵家巍.沿空留巷下位顶板破断规律与控制机理研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2012,29(6):802-807.Guo Jianwei,Zhao Jiawei.Study on the breaking law and control mechanism of the lower roof of gob-side entry retaining[J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2012,29(6):802-807.
[22] 周睿,李元辉,闫斌移.基本顶断裂位置条件下沿空留巷充填体参数确定[J].中国矿业,2016,25(12):76-81.Zhou Rui,Li Yuanhui,Yan Binyi.Determination of filling body parameters for gob-side entry retaining under the condition of fracture position of basic roof[J].China Mining,2016,25(12):76-81.
[23] 侯公羽,谢冰冰,胡涛,等.使用BOTDR技术进行隧道监测的光纤护套效应[J].岩土力学,2017,38(8):2441-2447.Hou Gongyu,Xie Bingbing,Hu Tao,et al.Optical fiber sheath effect for tunnel monitoring using BOTDR technology[J].Geomechanics,2017,38(8):2441-2447.
[24] 韩昌良,张农,阚甲广,等.沿空留巷“卸压-锚固”双重主动控制机理与应用[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(增2):323-330.Han Changliang,Zhang Nong,Kan Jiaguang,et al.Dual active control mechanism and application of pressure release and anchorage for gob-side entry retention[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(S2):323-330.
[25] 钱鸣高,石平五,许家林.矿山压力与岩层控制[M].徐州:中国矿业大学出版社,2010.
[26] 余一松.岩石碎胀系数与深孔爆破补偿空间的关系[J].现代矿业,2015(12):138-139.Yu Yisong.The relationship between rock fragmentation coefficient and compensation space of deep-hole blasting[J].Modern Mining Industry,2015(12):138-139.
[27] 缪协兴,茅献彪.岩石(煤)的碎胀与压实特性研究[J].试验力学,1997(3):394-400.Miao Xiexing,Mao Xianbiao.Study on the fragmentation and compaction characteristics of rock(coal)[J].Experimental Mechanics,1997(3):394-400.