数字孪生技术在产品生命周期中的应用与展望
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摘要
数字孪生的出现为产品全生命周期管理理念的实现提供了新的思路和途径。为探索数字孪生在产品生命周期各阶段的应用模式,从"面向对象"与"面向过程"两个角度阐述了数字孪生的含义,给出了基于数字孪生的产品生命周期的内涵,在此基础上分析了数字孪生在产品研发、制造、维护、报废等产品生命周期各阶段典型场景中的应用方式,总结了数字孪生体的全生命周期,并指出了基于数据的制造这一可能的未来制造模式和数字孪生体的发展方向。
The emergence of digital twin provides new ideas and approaches for the application of the Product Lifecycle Management(PLM)concept.To explore the application mode of digital twin in each stage of product lifecycle,the meaning of"object-oriented"and"process-oriented"aspects of digital twin was interpreted and the conception of PLM based on digital twin was given.On this basis,the application method of digital twin in typical scenarios of product development,manufacturing,maintenance and scrapping were expounded,and the lifecycle of digital twin was summarized.Data based manufacturing was indicated,which was a probable future manufacturing mode and a development trend of digital twin.
The emergence of digital twin provides new ideas and approaches for the application of the Product Lifecycle Management(PLM)concept.To explore the application mode of digital twin in each stage of product lifecycle,the meaning of"object-oriented"and"process-oriented"aspects of digital twin was interpreted and the conception of PLM based on digital twin was given.On this basis,the application method of digital twin in typical scenarios of product development,manufacturing,maintenance and scrapping were expounded,and the lifecycle of digital twin was summarized.Data based manufacturing was indicated,which was a probable future manufacturing mode and a development trend of digital twin.
引文
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[3]GRIEVES M.Product lifecycle management:driving the next generation of lean thinking[M].New York,N.Y.,USA:McGraw-Hill,2006.
[4]ZHUANG Cunbo,LIU Jianhua,XIONG Hui,et al.Connotation,architecture and trends of product digital twin[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2017(4):753-768(in Chinese).[庄存波,刘检华,熊辉,等.产品数字孪生体的内涵、体系结构及其发展趋势[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017(4):753-768.]
[5]GRIEVES M.product lifecycle management:the new paradigm for enterprise[J].International Journal of Product Development,2005,2(1/2):71-84.
[6]GRIEVES M.digital twin:manufacturing excellence through virtual factory replication[EB/OL].(2016-12-20)[2018-11-25].http://www.apriso.com/library/Whitepaper_Dr_Grieves_DigitalTwin_ManufacturingExcellenc.php.2014.
[7]GRIEVES M,VICKERS J.Digital twin:mitigating unpredictable,undesirable emergent behavior in complex systems[M]//Transdisciplinary Perspectives on Complex Systems,Berlin,Germany:Springe-Verlag,2017:85-113.
[8]YU Yong,FAN Shengyan,PENG Guanwei,et al.Study on application of digital twin model in product configuration management[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology,2017,526(7):41-45(in Chinese).[于勇,范胜廷,彭关伟,等.数字孪生模型在产品构型管理中应用探讨[J].航空制造技术,2017,526(7):41-45.]
[9]GLAESSGEN,EDWARD H,STARGEL D S.The digital twin paradigm for future NASA and U.S.air force vehicles[C]//Proceedings of the 53rd AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures,Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference-Special Session on the Digital Twin.Reston,Va.,USA:AIAA,2012.DOI:10.2514/6.2012-1818.
[10]TAO F,ZHANG Meng,CHENG Jiangfeng,et al.Digital twin workshop:a new paradigm for future workshop[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2017,23(1):1-9(in Chinese).[陶飞,张萌,程江峰,等.数字孪生车间---一种未来车间的运行新模式[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017,23(1):1-9.]
[11]TAO F,LIU Weiran,LIU Jianhua,et al.Digital twin and its potential application exploration[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2018,24(1):1-18(in chinese)[陶飞,刘蔚然,刘检华,等.数字孪生及其应用探索[J].计算机集成制造系统,2018,24(1):1-18.]
[12]TAO F,CHENG Ying,CHENG Jiangfeng,et al.Theories and technologies for cyber-physical fusion in digital twin shop-floor[J].Computer Integrated Manufacturing Systems,2017(8):4-12(in Chinese).[陶飞,程颖,程江峰,等.数字孪生车间信息物理融合理论与技术[J].计算机集成制造系统,2017(8):4-12.]
[13]WIKIPEDIA.Object-oriented programming[G/OL].[2018-12-12].https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Object-oriented_programming.2018-12-11.
[14]WIKIPEDIA.Procedural programming[G/OL].[2018-12-12].https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procedural_programming.
[15]CHEN Ming,LIANG Naiming.Smart manufacturing System And Practices[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2017(in Chinese).[陈明,梁乃明.智能制造之路---数字化工厂[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2017.]
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[17]GRIEVES M.Back to the future:product lifecycle management and the virtualization of product information[M]//Berlin,Germany:Springer-Verlag,2009.
[18]LING Xueping,ZHAO Guang.On the ten relationships of digital twin[EB/OL].(2018-06-22)[2018-12-12].https://www.sohu.com/a/237296945_488176,2018-06-22(in Chinese).[林雪萍,赵光.论数字孪生的十大关系[EB/OL].(2018-06-22)[2018-12-12].https://www.sohu.com/a/237296945_488176,2018-06-22.]
[19]ZHAN Xianghui,LI Xiaoda,LIU Xiangyang.Study on Product data structure and realization of model based on PLM[J].Intelligence Computation and Evolutionary Computation,2013,180:1001-1008.
[20]National Standardization Technical Committee of Technical Product Documentation.GB/T26100-2010General principie of digital mock-up for mechanical products[S].Beijing:National Standardization Technieal Committee of Technical Product Documentation,2010(in Chinese).[全国技术产品文件标准化技术委员会.GB/T26100-2010机械产品数字样机通用要求[S].北京:全国技术产品文件标准化技术委员会,2010.]
[21]wikipedia.Procurement[G/OL].[2018-12-13].https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procurement.
[22]SCHLEICH B,ANWER N,MATHIEU L,et al.Shaping the digital twin for design and production engineering[J].CIRP Annals-Manufacturing Technology,2017,66(1):141-144.
[23]ROSEN R,VON WICHERT G,LOG G,et al.About the importance of autonomy and digital twins for the future of manufacturing[J].IFAC-PapersonLine,2015,48(3):567-572.
[24]BOSCHERT S,ROSEN R.Digital Twin-the simulation aspect[M]//Mechatronic Futures.Berlin,Germany:Springeverlag,2016:59-74.