保水剂施用量对秦巴山区土壤特性及烤烟生长的影响
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摘要
为了改善土壤特性,减少季节性干旱对烤烟生长的影响,促进保水剂在烤烟生产中的应用,以不施保水剂为对照,设置45、60和75 kg/hm~2 3个聚丙烯酸钾保水剂施用量,分析不同施用量对秦巴山区黄棕壤烟田土壤水分、土壤体积质量和烤烟生长状况、烤烟常规化学成分及烤烟经济性状的影响。结果表明:在烤烟还苗期至团棵期施用量为75 kg/hm~2的处理对土壤水分影响相对较大,旺长期至采收后则为施用量为60 kg/hm~2的处理,但从还苗期到采收后不同施用量均未对土壤水分产生显著影响。施用量为60 kg/hm~2的处理可显著降低0～20和>20～40cm土层的土壤体积质量,而施用量为45和75 kg/hm~2的处理对土壤体积质量未产生显著影响。不同施用量均可促进烤烟生长,提高烤烟产量、烤烟常规化学成分及产值,其中施用量为60 kg/hm~2的处理显著提高了上等烟的比例,降低了下等烟比例,提高了烤烟净产值。表明秦巴山区黄棕壤烟田聚丙烯酸钾保水剂的适宜施用量以60 kg/hm~2左右为宜。
In order to improve soil characteristics, reduce the effect of seasonal drought on the growth of fluecured tobacco, and promote the application of super absorbent polymer in flue-cured tobacco production, we analyzed the effects of different super absorbent polymer application rates on soil moisture, soil bulk density, fluecured tobacco growth, conventional chemical composition and economic characteristics. The potassium polyacrylate super absorbent polymer of 45, 60 and 75 kg/hm~2 was separately applied to the tobacco field with yellow brown soil in Qinba mountain area, and no super absorbent polymer was applied as a control. The results showed that the application rate of 75 kg/hm~2 had a relatively large effect on the soil moisture from seedling survival stage to rosette stage of flue-cured tobacco, while the treatment with application rate of 60 kg/hm~2 had a relatively greater effect on soil moisture from flourishing growth stage to after maturity stage. However, different application rates of potassium polyacrylate super absorbent polymer had no significant effect on soil moisture from seedling survival stage to after maturity stage. The soil bulk density of 0-20 and >20-40 cm soil layers was significantly reduced by the treatment with application rate of 60 kg/hm~2, but the treatments with application rate of 45 and 75 kg/hm~2 had no significant effect on soil bulk density. All application rates of potassium polyacrylate super absorbent polymer promoted the growth of flue-cured tobacco, increased flue-cured tobacco yield, conventional chemical composition and output value. The proportion of superior tobacco significantly increased, while the proportion of inferior tobacco significantly decreased, and the net output value of the fluecured tobacco significantly increased by the treatment with application rate of 60 kg/hm~2. In sum, the suitable application rate of potassium polyacrylate super absorbent ploymer is about 60 kg/hm~2 in the tobacco field with yellow brown soil in Qinba mountain area.
In order to improve soil characteristics, reduce the effect of seasonal drought on the growth of fluecured tobacco, and promote the application of super absorbent polymer in flue-cured tobacco production, we analyzed the effects of different super absorbent polymer application rates on soil moisture, soil bulk density, fluecured tobacco growth, conventional chemical composition and economic characteristics. The potassium polyacrylate super absorbent polymer of 45, 60 and 75 kg/hm~2 was separately applied to the tobacco field with yellow brown soil in Qinba mountain area, and no super absorbent polymer was applied as a control. The results showed that the application rate of 75 kg/hm~2 had a relatively large effect on the soil moisture from seedling survival stage to rosette stage of flue-cured tobacco, while the treatment with application rate of 60 kg/hm~2 had a relatively greater effect on soil moisture from flourishing growth stage to after maturity stage. However, different application rates of potassium polyacrylate super absorbent polymer had no significant effect on soil moisture from seedling survival stage to after maturity stage. The soil bulk density of 0-20 and >20-40 cm soil layers was significantly reduced by the treatment with application rate of 60 kg/hm~2, but the treatments with application rate of 45 and 75 kg/hm~2 had no significant effect on soil bulk density. All application rates of potassium polyacrylate super absorbent polymer promoted the growth of flue-cured tobacco, increased flue-cured tobacco yield, conventional chemical composition and output value. The proportion of superior tobacco significantly increased, while the proportion of inferior tobacco significantly decreased, and the net output value of the fluecured tobacco significantly increased by the treatment with application rate of 60 kg/hm~2. In sum, the suitable application rate of potassium polyacrylate super absorbent ploymer is about 60 kg/hm~2 in the tobacco field with yellow brown soil in Qinba mountain area.
引文
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