青冈栎次生林主要树种空间分布格局及其关联性研究
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摘要
青冈栎次生林作为亚热带地区次生林的典型代表之一,研究其林分内主要树种的空间分布格局及关联性,可以更好地开展次生林经营指导工作。通过对9块青冈栎次生林样地的调查,运用空间点格局分析方法对其林分内主要树种的空间分布格局及种间关联性进行研究。结果表明:1)以完全空间随机模型为零假设时,林分整体的空间分布格局在0～12 m尺度上呈聚集分布,在12～25 m尺度呈随机分布,大于25 m尺度趋于均匀分布态势;以异质泊松模型为零假设时,林分整体的空间分布格局总体上呈随机分布;2)样地内青冈栎、杜鹃和拟赤杨在小尺度上呈聚集分布,随尺度增加呈随机分布或均匀分布;甜槠、杉木和檵木基本在所有尺度呈随机分布。3)样地内建群种青冈栎与杉木在所有尺度呈负相关,与其它主要树种在小尺度呈负相关,随着尺度增加变为不相关;所有伴生树种的种间关联性在0～2 m为负相关,在其它尺度上不相关为主。青冈栎次生林的空间分布格局受生境异质性的影响,且空间分布格局和主要树种间的关联性随空间尺度的不同而变化。
As one of the typical secondary forests in subtropical regions, the spatial pattern and the correlation between the main tree species of the secondary forest of Cyclobalanopsis glauca can be studied to better guide the secondary forest management.Based on 9 sample plots of Cyclobalanopsis glauca secondary forest, the spatial distribution pattern and the correlation among the main tree species were studied by means of spatial point pattern analysis.The results showed that: 1) when the complete spatial random model was taken as the null hypothesis, the overall spatial distribution pattern of the stand presented an aggregation distribution on the scale of 0-12 m, and a random distribution on the scale of 12-25 m, and tended to be uniformly distributed on the scale larger than 25 m. When the heterogeneous poissonprocess modek was taken as the null hypothesis, the spatial distribution pattern of the sample plot was random on most scales. 2) On small scales,the distribution among Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Rhododendron simsii, and Alniphyllum fortunei were aggregation distribution, withing the increase of scale, the distribution tendedtorandom distribution or uniform distribution. On all scales, the distribution among Castanopsis eyrei, Cunninghamia lanceolate and Loropetalum chinensis wererandom distribution.3) Cyclobalanopsis glauca and Cunninghamia lanceolate were negatively correlated on all scales,and the relationship between Cyclobalanopsis glauca and other main tree species was negative correlation on small scale,and became irrelevant with the increase of scale. The interspecific correlations of all associated tree species were negative at 0-2 m, and became irrelevant on other scales. The spatial distribution pattern of the secondary forest was affected by the habitat heterogeneity, and the spatial distribution pattern and the correlation among the main tree species varied with the spatial scale.
As one of the typical secondary forests in subtropical regions, the spatial pattern and the correlation between the main tree species of the secondary forest of Cyclobalanopsis glauca can be studied to better guide the secondary forest management.Based on 9 sample plots of Cyclobalanopsis glauca secondary forest, the spatial distribution pattern and the correlation among the main tree species were studied by means of spatial point pattern analysis.The results showed that: 1) when the complete spatial random model was taken as the null hypothesis, the overall spatial distribution pattern of the stand presented an aggregation distribution on the scale of 0-12 m, and a random distribution on the scale of 12-25 m, and tended to be uniformly distributed on the scale larger than 25 m. When the heterogeneous poissonprocess modek was taken as the null hypothesis, the spatial distribution pattern of the sample plot was random on most scales. 2) On small scales,the distribution among Cyclobalanopsis glauca, Rhododendron simsii, and Alniphyllum fortunei were aggregation distribution, withing the increase of scale, the distribution tendedtorandom distribution or uniform distribution. On all scales, the distribution among Castanopsis eyrei, Cunninghamia lanceolate and Loropetalum chinensis wererandom distribution.3) Cyclobalanopsis glauca and Cunninghamia lanceolate were negatively correlated on all scales,and the relationship between Cyclobalanopsis glauca and other main tree species was negative correlation on small scale,and became irrelevant with the increase of scale. The interspecific correlations of all associated tree species were negative at 0-2 m, and became irrelevant on other scales. The spatial distribution pattern of the secondary forest was affected by the habitat heterogeneity, and the spatial distribution pattern and the correlation among the main tree species varied with the spatial scale.
引文
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[2]BUNYAVEJCHEWIN S,LAFRANKIE J V,BAKER P J,et al.Spatial distribution patterns of thedominant canopy dipterocarpspecies in a seasonal dry evergreen forest in western Thailand[J].Forest Ecology and Management,2005,175(1-3):87-101.
[3]郭忠玲,马元丹,郑金萍,等.长白山落叶阔叶混交林的物种多样性、种群空间分布格局及种间关联性研究[J].应用生态学报,2004,15(11):2013-2018.
[4]祝燕,白帆,等.北京暖温带次生林种群分布格局与种间空间关联性[J].生物多样性,2011,19(2):252-259.
[5]郑德祥,廖晓丽.茫荡山不同海拔小叶青冈林幼苗分布格局的研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2013,33(10):5-8.
[6]陈科屹,张会儒,雷相东.天然次生林蒙古栎种群空间格局[J].生态学报,2018,38(10):3462-3470.
[7]陈俊,艾训儒,姚兰,等.木林子大样地两个青冈属优势种的点格局对比[J].林业科学,2018,54(10):1-10.
[8]吴初平,袁位高,盛卫星,等.浙江省典型天然次生林主要树种空间分布格局及其关联性[J].生态学报,2018,38(2):537-549.
[9]常伟,党坤良,武朋辉,等.秦岭林区锐齿栎次生林种群空间分布格局[J].生态学报,2016,36(4):1021-1029.
[10]杨华,李艳丽,沈林,等.长白山云冷杉针阔混交林主要树种空间分布及其关联性[J].生态学报,2014,34(16):4698-4706.
[11]曾思齐,龙时胜,肖化顺,等.南方地区青冈栎次生林种内与种间竞争研究[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2016,36(10):1-5.
[12]龙时胜,曾思齐,肖化顺,等.基于Hegyi改进模型的青冈栎次生林竞争分析[J].林业资源管理,2018(1):50-56.
[13]刘球,吴际友,程勇,等.青冈栎不同种源幼苗生长初探[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2017,37(8):24-28.
[14]陈秋夏,廖亮,郑坚,等.光照强度对青冈栎容器苗生长和生理特征的影响[J].林业科学,2011,47(12):53-59.
[15]王均伟.长白山落叶阔叶红松林主要树种空间格局及环境解释[D].北京:北京林业大学,2016.
[16]张兰.黑河下游绿洲胡杨种群空间点格局及其潜在分布研究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2015.
[17]姚杰,张春雨,赵秀海.吉林蛟河阔叶红松林树种空间分布格局及其种间关联性[J].林业科学,2018,54(8):23-31.
[18]李立,陈建华,任海保,等.古田山常绿阔叶林优势树种甜槠和木荷的空间格局分析[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(3):241-252.
[19]仲磊,张杨家豪,卢品,等.次生常绿阔叶林的群落结构与物种组成:基于浙江乌岩岭9 ha森林动态样地[J].生物多样性,2015,23(5):619-629.
[20]CONDIT R,ASHTON P S,BAKER P,et al.Spatial patterns in the distribution of tropical tree species[J].Science,2000,288(5470):1414-1418.
[21]杜志,亢新刚,孟京辉,等.长白山杨桦次生林主要树种的空间分布格局及其关联性[J].东北林业大学学报,2013,41(4):36-42.
[22]闫海冰,韩有志,杨秀清,等.华北山地典型天然次生林群落的树种空间分布格局及其关联性[J].生态学报,2010,30(9):2311-2321.