甜玉米苞叶与农艺性状的遗传及相关分析
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摘要
以30份甜玉米(Zea mays L. sacharata Sturt)自交系及其配制的26个杂交组合为材料,利用加性-显性遗传模型对7个主要农艺性状和9个苞叶性状进行了遗传分析。结果表明,除最长苞叶宽外,所有性状的组合间均方都达显著或极显著差异,大多数性状的加性方差占比大于显性方差占比,所有性状的误差方差均达显著或极显著水平;对亲本的农艺性状和苞叶性状的加性效应和显性效应值进行了预测,亲本M06的多数性状表现为显著或极显著的加性正效应,组合M06×S85的多数性状表现为显著或极显著的显性正效应;相关分析发现鲜穗重分别与净穗重、穗上叶片数、穗位叶宽、苞叶干重、苞叶总面积和苞叶平均宽呈显著或极显著正相关,净穗重分别与穗位叶宽和苞叶平均宽呈显著正相关,穗位叶长和苞叶总面积、穗位叶宽与苞叶干重呈极显著正相关。
30 sweet corn inbred lines and 26 crosses from them were selected as the materials, 7 agronomic traits and 9 husk traits were identified and analyzed by additive-dominant genetic model. The results showed that the mean squares of all traits except for the width of the longest husk reached significant difference at the 0.05 or 0.01 level. The additive variance ratio was greater than the dominant variance ratio in most traits, and the error variance ratio reached significant at the 0.05 or0.01 level in all traits. The additive and dominant effect values of agronomic traits and husk traits were predicted in 30 sweet corn inbred lines. The additive effect values of most agronomic traits and husk traits in M06 were positive and significant at the level of 0.05 or 0.01. The dominant effect values of most agronomic traits and husk traits in M06×S85 were positive and significant at the level of 0.05 or 0.01. The correlation analysis showed that fresh weight of ear was positively correlated with net weight of ear, number of leaves above ear, the width ear leaf of dry weight of husks, total area of husks and average width of husks, respectively. Net ear weight was positively correlated with the width of ear leaf and average width of husks,respectively. The correlations between the length of ear leaf and the total area of husks, between the width of ear leaf and dry weight of husks were positively and significant.
30 sweet corn inbred lines and 26 crosses from them were selected as the materials, 7 agronomic traits and 9 husk traits were identified and analyzed by additive-dominant genetic model. The results showed that the mean squares of all traits except for the width of the longest husk reached significant difference at the 0.05 or 0.01 level. The additive variance ratio was greater than the dominant variance ratio in most traits, and the error variance ratio reached significant at the 0.05 or0.01 level in all traits. The additive and dominant effect values of agronomic traits and husk traits were predicted in 30 sweet corn inbred lines. The additive effect values of most agronomic traits and husk traits in M06 were positive and significant at the level of 0.05 or 0.01. The dominant effect values of most agronomic traits and husk traits in M06×S85 were positive and significant at the level of 0.05 or 0.01. The correlation analysis showed that fresh weight of ear was positively correlated with net weight of ear, number of leaves above ear, the width ear leaf of dry weight of husks, total area of husks and average width of husks, respectively. Net ear weight was positively correlated with the width of ear leaf and average width of husks,respectively. The correlations between the length of ear leaf and the total area of husks, between the width of ear leaf and dry weight of husks were positively and significant.
引文
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[23]肖炳光,朱军,卢秀萍,等.烤烟主要农艺性状的遗传与相关分析[J].遗传,2006,28(3):317-323.
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[27]刘春晓,赵海军,董树亭,等.玉米不同基因型双列杂交后代抽丝后氮素代谢特性[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(1):33-42.
[28]贺建波,管荣展,盖钧镒.双列杂交设计的主-微位点组遗传分析方法研究[J].作物学报,2010,36(8):1248-1257.
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[30]朱军.作物杂种后代基因型值和杂种优势的预测方法[J].生物数学学报,1993,8(1):32-44.
[31]朱军.估算遗传方差和协方差的混合模型方法[J].生物数学学报,1992,7(1):1-11.
[32]蔡一林,王久光,孙海燕,等.玉米几个株型性状的遗传模型及其与穗粒性状的典型相关分析[J].作物学报,2002,25(6):829-834.
[33]黄成威,陈沛君,秦彤非,等.甜玉米保鲜性状的遗传模型研究[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(6):1375-1378.
[34]霍仕平,晏庆九,许明陆,等.玉米果穗苞叶性状的遗传分析[J].杂粮作物,2000,20(2):8-12.
[2]刘蔚楠,万忠,甘阳英,等.2015年广东甜玉米产业发展形势与对策建议[J].广东农业科学,2016(3):12-16.
[3]王娜,史振声,王志斌,等.甜玉米品质研究进展[J].玉米科学,2007(6):47-50.
[4]王振华.甜玉米品质性状与部分农艺性状的相关分析[J].玉米科学,1998(2):22-25.
[5] TRACY W F,HALLAUER A R. Specialty corns[J].World vegetables,1994,81(11):777-807.
[6] ZHANG S L,HUANG Y Q,HE Z H,et al. Variation law of pericarp tenderness of super sweet corn kernel[J].Agricultural science&technology,2016,17(7):1671-1674.
[7]冯发强,王国华,王青峰,等.甜玉米类胡萝卜素合成关键基因PSY1、LCYE和CrtRB1的功能分析[J].华南农业大学学报,2015,36(5):36-42.
[8]于永涛,李高科,祁喜涛,等.甜玉米果皮厚度QTL的定位及上位性互作[J].作物学报,2015,41(3):359-366.
[9]张姿丽,蒋锋,刘鹏飞,等.鲜食甜玉米籽粒蛋白质含量的QTL定位[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2013,41(3):99-104.
[10]张姿丽,蒋锋,刘鹏飞,等.甜玉米穗位叶面积QTL定位[J].湖北农业科学,2014,53(7):1502-1505.
[11]和凤美,朱永平,朱芮,等.超甜玉米自交系主要农艺性状及鲜穗产量的主成分分析[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(18):79-83.
[12]郭惠明,王志纯,赖伦英.福建甜玉米区试品种产量及农艺性状分析[J].亚热带农业研究,2013,9(2):78-81.
[13]陈荣丽,宋文兰,周胜,等.甜玉米鲜穗产量与农艺性状灰色关联度分析[J].种子,2018,37(9):92-95.
[14]马智艳,董永彬,乔大河,等.不同种质玉米杂交种苞叶性状特征分析[J].河南农业科学,2015,44(2):15-18.
[15]吕桂华,陈坚剑,徐秀红,等.鲜食糯玉米苞叶相关性状的遗传相关分析[J].浙江农业学报,2015,27(7):1122-1126.
[16]孟剑霞.玉米雌穗与苞叶发育研究进展[J].安徽农学通报,2007,13(14):78-79.
[17]宋凤斌,徐洪文.玉米苞叶光合生理特性研究进展[J].玉米科学,2008,16(4):31-34.
[18] CUI Z,LUO J,QI C,et al. Genome-wide association study(GWAS)reveals the genetic architecture of four husk traits in maize[J].BMC genomics,2016,17(1):946.
[19] CAO A,SANTIAGO R,RAMOS A J,et al. Critical environmental and genotypic factors for Fusarium verticillioides infection,fungal growth and fumonisin contamination in maize grown in northwestern Spain[J].International journal of food microbiology,2014,177(3):63-71.
[20]朱军.遗传模型分析方法[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1997.
[21]朱军.广义遗传模型与数量遗传分析新方法[J].浙江农业大学学报,1994,20(6):551-559.
[22]阮仁武,傅大雄,戴秀梅.小麦主要产量性状的杂种优势和遗传分析[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2002,24(2):141-145.
[23]肖炳光,朱军,卢秀萍,等.烤烟主要农艺性状的遗传与相关分析[J].遗传,2006,28(3):317-323.
[24]陈建国,朱军.籼粳杂交稻米外观品质性状的遗传及基因型×环境互作效应研究[J].中国农业科学,1998,31(4):1-7.
[25]盖钧镒.作物育种学各论[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2006.
[26]刘艳改.陆地棉农艺与纤维品质性状的双列杂交分析[D].北京:中国农业科学院,2014.
[27]刘春晓,赵海军,董树亭,等.玉米不同基因型双列杂交后代抽丝后氮素代谢特性[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(1):33-42.
[28]贺建波,管荣展,盖钧镒.双列杂交设计的主-微位点组遗传分析方法研究[J].作物学报,2010,36(8):1248-1257.
[29]沈法富,于元杰,毕建杰,等.棉花耐盐性的双列杂交分析[J].作物学报,2001,24(1):50-54.
[30]朱军.作物杂种后代基因型值和杂种优势的预测方法[J].生物数学学报,1993,8(1):32-44.
[31]朱军.估算遗传方差和协方差的混合模型方法[J].生物数学学报,1992,7(1):1-11.
[32]蔡一林,王久光,孙海燕,等.玉米几个株型性状的遗传模型及其与穗粒性状的典型相关分析[J].作物学报,2002,25(6):829-834.
[33]黄成威,陈沛君,秦彤非,等.甜玉米保鲜性状的遗传模型研究[J].湖北农业科学,2016,55(6):1375-1378.
[34]霍仕平,晏庆九,许明陆,等.玉米果穗苞叶性状的遗传分析[J].杂粮作物,2000,20(2):8-12.