基于腾讯位置大数据的人口流动网络特征研究——以山东省为例
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摘要
基于腾讯位置大数据,利用复杂网络分析和社会网络分析方法,以山东省为例,从规模分布和空间格局出发探讨其人口流动网络特征。结果表明:(1)从规模分布来看,山东省人口集散能力呈金字塔结构,城市数量随着集散层级的增大而减少,济南、青岛的人口集散能力明显强于其他地市;人口流动呈位次型规模分布,人口流动规模总体上在各城市之间相对分散、平衡。(2)从空间格局来看,省际人口流动网络空间分布不均衡,呈"东密西疏,北强南弱"的空间格局和双纵一横的带状模式,具有向"邻"性和向"优"性的显著特征;省内人口流动网络呈以"济南、淄博、潍坊、青岛和临沂"为核心的空间均衡联系模式,以"济南-青岛-临沂,淄博-滨州-德州-聊城,东营-潍坊-烟台-威海,济宁-菏泽-枣庄-泰安-日照"为子群的组团分异特征。
Based on Tencent location big data,this paper uses the complex network analysis and social network analysis methods,and by taking Shandong Province as an example to explore the characteristics of its population flow network from the scale distribution and spatial pattern.The results show:(1)From the perspective of scale distribution,the population distribution capacity of Shandong Province is pyramidal,the number of cities decreases with the increase in the distribution level,and the population distribution capacity of Jinan,Qingdao is significantly stronger than other cities;The population flow is in a subscale distribution,and the population flow scale is relatively scattered and balanced among the cities as a whole.(2)From the perspective of spatial pattern,the spatial distribution of interprovincial population flow network is uneven,showing the spatial pattern of"Intensive in the east and sparse in the west,Strong in the north and weak in the south"and the double vertical and horizontal belt pattern,with a significant feature of"neighborhood"and"superiority";The population flow network within the province presents a spatial equilibrium linkage model centered on"Jinan,Zibo,Weifang,Qingdao and Linyi"and shows a group differentiation characteristics by taking"Jinan,Qingdao,Linyi,Zibo,Binzhou,Dezhou,Liaocheng,Dongying,Weifang,Yantai,Weihai,Jining,Heze,Zaozhuang,Ta'an,Rizhao"as the subgroups.
Based on Tencent location big data,this paper uses the complex network analysis and social network analysis methods,and by taking Shandong Province as an example to explore the characteristics of its population flow network from the scale distribution and spatial pattern.The results show:(1)From the perspective of scale distribution,the population distribution capacity of Shandong Province is pyramidal,the number of cities decreases with the increase in the distribution level,and the population distribution capacity of Jinan,Qingdao is significantly stronger than other cities;The population flow is in a subscale distribution,and the population flow scale is relatively scattered and balanced among the cities as a whole.(2)From the perspective of spatial pattern,the spatial distribution of interprovincial population flow network is uneven,showing the spatial pattern of"Intensive in the east and sparse in the west,Strong in the north and weak in the south"and the double vertical and horizontal belt pattern,with a significant feature of"neighborhood"and"superiority";The population flow network within the province presents a spatial equilibrium linkage model centered on"Jinan,Zibo,Weifang,Qingdao and Linyi"and shows a group differentiation characteristics by taking"Jinan,Qingdao,Linyi,Zibo,Binzhou,Dezhou,Liaocheng,Dongying,Weifang,Yantai,Weihai,Jining,Heze,Zaozhuang,Ta'an,Rizhao"as the subgroups.
引文
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[23]宋冬林,齐文浩.东北区域经济一体化演变的社会网络分析[J].吉林大学学报(社会科学版),2018,58(4):97-107.
[24]WINDZIO M.The network of global migration 1990—2013Using ERGMs to test theories of migration betweencountries[J].Social Networks,2017.
[2]王珏,陈雯,袁丰.基于社会网络分析的长三角地区人口迁移及演化[J].地理研究,2014,33(2):385-400.
[3]张祚,闫平平.复杂网络背景下城市间人口空间流动模型与实证相关研究回顾[J].城市,2017(7):23-27.
[4]李树茁,杨绪松,靳小怡,等.中国乡城流动人口社会网络复杂性特征分析[J].人口与发展,2006,12(5):13-22.
[5]侯贺平,刘艳芳,李纪伟,等.基于改进辐射模型的乡镇人口流动网络研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2013,23(8):107-115.
[6]陈锐,王宁宁,赵宇,等.基于改进重力模型的省际流动人口的复杂网络分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2014,24(10):104-113.
[7]蒋小荣,汪胜兰.中国地级以上城市人口流动网络研究——基于百度迁徙大数据的分析[J].中国人口科学,2017,(2):35-46.
[8]魏冶,修春亮,刘志敏,等.春运人口流动透视的转型期中国城市网络结构[J].地理科学,2016,36(11):1654-1660.
[9]赵梓渝,魏冶,庞瑞秋,等.基于人口省际流动的中国城市网络转变中心性与控制力研究——兼论递归理论用于城市网络研究的条件性[J].地理学报,2017,72(6):1032-1048.
[10]赵梓渝,魏冶,王士君,等.有向加权城市网络的转变中心性与控制力测度——以中国春运人口流动网络为例[J].地理研究,2017,36(4):647-660.
[11]赵梓渝,魏冶,庞瑞秋,等.中国春运人口省际流动的时空与结构特征[J].地理科学进展,2017,36(8):952-964.
[12]戚伟,刘盛和.中国城市流动人口位序规模分布研究[J].地理研究,2015,34(10):1981-1993.
[13]赵落涛,曹卫东,魏冶,等.泛长三角人口流动网络及其特征研究[J].长江流域资源与环境,2018(4).
[14]钟斌青,刘湘南.基于空间化PageRank算法的人口流动空间集聚性分析[J].地理与地理信息科学,2011,27(5):82-86.
[15]高更和,罗庆,新生,等.中国农村人口省际流动研究——基于第六次人口普查数据[J].地理科学,2015,35(12):1511-1517.
[16]贺艳华,邓凯韶,唐承丽,等.长株潭城市群城乡人口流动特征及动力机制[J].经济地理,2017,37(1):74-81.
[17]刘望保,石恩名.基于ICT的中国城市间人口日常流动空间格局——以百度迁徙为例[J].地理学报,2016,10:1667-1679.
[18]HUO J,WANG X M,ZHAO N,et al.Statistical characteristics of dynamics for population migration driven by the economic interests[J].Physica A Statistical Mechanics&Its Applications,2016,451:123-134.
[19]冷炳荣,杨永春,李英杰,等.中国城市经济网络结构空间特征及其复杂性分析[J].地理学报,2011,66(2):199-211.
[20]刘铮,王世福,赵渺希,等.有向加权型城市网络的探索性分析[J].地理研究,2013,32(7):1253-1268.
[21]许学强,周一星,宁越敏.城市地理学(第2版)[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2009.
[22]刘法建,张捷,陈冬冬.中国入境旅游流网络结构特征及动因研究[J].地理学报,2010,65(8):1013-1024.
[23]宋冬林,齐文浩.东北区域经济一体化演变的社会网络分析[J].吉林大学学报(社会科学版),2018,58(4):97-107.
[24]WINDZIO M.The network of global migration 1990—2013Using ERGMs to test theories of migration betweencountries[J].Social Networks,2017.