山区县优质耕地空间格局及其产生机制——以福建永春县为例
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摘要
随着对耕地"数量、质量、生态"全方位的日益重视,耕地占补平衡难度的逐渐加大,优质耕地建设成为高效国土建设的重要组成,探索优质耕地空间分布对于引导土地整治项目选址具有一定的价值,对助力乡村振兴具有现实意义。以永春县为例,总结其优质耕地空间分布特征,探究其空间格局产生机制,以期对山区县优质耕地建设探索有所裨益。分布特征结论:永春县优质耕地呈现"大分散、小集聚"的空间格局;沿主要流域相对均衡分布;与居住空间呈衰减态势。产生机制结论:与高程和坡地组合的地形位梯度分布呈现高度相关,主要分布于高程低、坡度小区域;与道路通达性密切正相关,大比例分布在0～50 m内,随距离增加面积减少,不同道路类型相关性为:农村道路>乡道>省道>县道。
With increasing emphasis on the quantity,quality and ecology of cultivated land,the difficulty of arable land's occupation and compensation has gradually increased. The construction of highquality cultivated land has become an important component of efficient land construction. Exploring the spatial distribution of high-quality cultivated land is the guidance for land improvement projects,with practical significance for helping rural revitalization. Taking Yongchun County as an example,this paper summarizes its spatial distribution characteristics and mechanism of its high-quality cultivated land.It is hoped that it will benefit the exploration of high-quality cultivated land construction in mountainous counties. Some conclusions are draw as follows: The high-quality cultivated land in the county presents a spatial pattern of "large dispersion and small agglomeration"; it is relatively evenly distributed along the main watershed; and the living space is attenuated. The mechanism is that the terrain gradient with elevation and slope is highly correlated,mainly distributed in low elevation and small slope area; it is closely related to road accessibility. The large proportion area is within 0 ～ 50 m,and the area increases with distance. The correlations between different road types are rural roads>township roads>provincial roads>county roads.
With increasing emphasis on the quantity,quality and ecology of cultivated land,the difficulty of arable land's occupation and compensation has gradually increased. The construction of highquality cultivated land has become an important component of efficient land construction. Exploring the spatial distribution of high-quality cultivated land is the guidance for land improvement projects,with practical significance for helping rural revitalization. Taking Yongchun County as an example,this paper summarizes its spatial distribution characteristics and mechanism of its high-quality cultivated land.It is hoped that it will benefit the exploration of high-quality cultivated land construction in mountainous counties. Some conclusions are draw as follows: The high-quality cultivated land in the county presents a spatial pattern of "large dispersion and small agglomeration"; it is relatively evenly distributed along the main watershed; and the living space is attenuated. The mechanism is that the terrain gradient with elevation and slope is highly correlated,mainly distributed in low elevation and small slope area; it is closely related to road accessibility. The large proportion area is within 0 ～ 50 m,and the area increases with distance. The correlations between different road types are rural roads>township roads>provincial roads>county roads.
引文
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[2]李柯,何凡能,张学珍.基于MODIS数据网格化重建历史耕地空间分布的方法---以清代云南省为例[J].地理研究,2011,30(11):2281-2288.
[3]关兴良,方创琳,鲁莎莎.中国耕地变化的空间格局与重心曲线动态分析[J].自然资源学报,2010,25(12):1997-2005.
[4]邱炳文.福建省耕地多尺度空间分布特征分析[J].农业工程学报,2008,24(11):63-68.
[5]任平,吴涛,周介铭.基于GIS和空间自相关模型的耕地空间分布格局及变化特征分析---以成都市龙泉驿区为例[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(3):325-334.
[6]陈丹,周启刚,何昌华.基于MPI的典型西南区耕地空间分布影响因素研究---以重庆石柱县为例[J].水土保持研究,2014,21(2):228-233.
[7]王秀春,黄秋昊,蔡运龙,等.贵州省猫跳河流域耕地空间分布格局模拟[J].地理科学,2007,27(2):188-192.
[8]王晓文,田秉涛,李娟,等.1985-2010年福建省耕地重心时空变化研究[J].亚热带资源与环境学报,2014,9(2):1-9.
[9]晏蔚楠,夏建国,辜莉娟,等.四川省耕地等别空间分布特征[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(11):215-218.
[10]曾维军,张建生,刘淑霞,等.云南省耕地自然质量等流域空间分布特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(5):267-273.
[11]汪延彬,胡燕凌,卜春燕,等.甘肃省耕地质量等别特征与空间分布研究[J].中国农业资源与区划,2017,38(11):138-144.
[12]陈镜宇,龚涛,陈运春,等.云南乌蒙山片区耕地自然质量等空间分布特征[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(3):214-220.
[13]喻红,曾辉,江子瀛.快速城市化地区景观组分在地形梯度上的分布特征研究[J].地理科学,2001,21(1):64-69.
[14]TD/T1014-2007.第二次全国土地调查技术规程[S].中华人民共和国国土资源部,2007.
[15]管迟明,崔功豪.公共交通导向的中国大都市空间结构模式探析[J].城市规划,2003,2(10):39-43.