不同气体配比对哈密瓜采后贮藏品质的影响
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摘要
采用不同的气体配比(O_2∶CO_2)处理西州密25号哈密瓜,探讨4℃,相对湿度70%～75%条件下贮藏45 d期间果实品质的变化规律。结果表明,西周密25号哈密瓜的呼吸强度、乙烯释放速率、可滴定酸(total acid,TA)含量、可溶性固形物(total soluble solid,TSS)含量、多酚氧化酶(polyphenol oxidase,PPO)酶活、总糖及还原糖含量在贮藏过程中呈先上升后下降的趋势;维生素C含量和硬度呈逐渐下降的趋势;而过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)酶活和丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量呈逐渐上升的趋势。6%O_2+1%CO_2和3%O_2+1%CO_2两个处理的果实呼吸强度和乙烯释放速率均低于对照组,而TA、TSS、PPO、总糖及还原糖的含量均高于对照组;VC含量、硬度、POD酶活和MDA含量变化速率比对照组变化缓慢。试验结果说明两种处理均有利于保持哈密瓜的贮藏品质,但是两种处理之间的差异却并不显著。总体来说,3%O_2+1%CO_2处理的果实品质略高6%O_2+1%CO_2处理,更有利于西周密25号哈密瓜的贮藏保鲜。
Cantaloupe 'Xizhoumi No.25' was treated with different gas ratios(O_2∶CO_2),and the changes of fruit quality during the period of 45 days were studied at 4 ℃ and relative humidity of 70 %-75 %. The results showed that the respiration intensity,ethylene release rate;the content of total acid(TA),total soluble solid(TSS);the activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO);the content of total sugar and reducing sugar of cantaloupe increased first and then decreased in the storage process;the trend of VCcontent and hardness were gradually decreased;while the trend of peroxidase(POD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were gradually increased. The respiration rate and ethylene release rate of 6 % O_2+ 1 % CO_2 and 3 % O_2+ 1 % CO_2 were lower than those of the control group;while the contents of TA,TSS,PPO,total sugar and reducing sugar were higher than those of the control group. The rate of changes about content of VC,hardness,enzyme activity of POD and content of MDA were relatively slower than that of the control group. The results showed that the two treatments were beneficial to keep the storage quality of cantaloupe,but the difference between the two treatments was not obvious.In general,the fruit quality of 3 %O_2+ 1 %CO_2 treatment was slightly advanced than 6 %O_2+ 1 %CO_2 treatment,which indicated that 3 %O_2+ 1 %CO_2 treatment may be more conducive to the preservation of Hami melon.
Cantaloupe 'Xizhoumi No.25' was treated with different gas ratios(O_2∶CO_2),and the changes of fruit quality during the period of 45 days were studied at 4 ℃ and relative humidity of 70 %-75 %. The results showed that the respiration intensity,ethylene release rate;the content of total acid(TA),total soluble solid(TSS);the activity of polyphenol oxidase(PPO);the content of total sugar and reducing sugar of cantaloupe increased first and then decreased in the storage process;the trend of VCcontent and hardness were gradually decreased;while the trend of peroxidase(POD)and malondialdehyde(MDA)were gradually increased. The respiration rate and ethylene release rate of 6 % O_2+ 1 % CO_2 and 3 % O_2+ 1 % CO_2 were lower than those of the control group;while the contents of TA,TSS,PPO,total sugar and reducing sugar were higher than those of the control group. The rate of changes about content of VC,hardness,enzyme activity of POD and content of MDA were relatively slower than that of the control group. The results showed that the two treatments were beneficial to keep the storage quality of cantaloupe,but the difference between the two treatments was not obvious.In general,the fruit quality of 3 %O_2+ 1 %CO_2 treatment was slightly advanced than 6 %O_2+ 1 %CO_2 treatment,which indicated that 3 %O_2+ 1 %CO_2 treatment may be more conducive to the preservation of Hami melon.
引文
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[28]魏宝东,梁冰,张鹏,等.1-MCP处理结合冰温贮藏对磨盘柿果实软化衰老的影响[J].食品科学,2014,35(10):236-240
[29]白永亮,余铭,袁根良,等.大蕉后熟期的褐变相关性及褐变底物鉴定[J].食品科学,2012,33(4):271-275
[30]张群,周文化,谭欢,等.涂膜和热处理对葡萄能量和贮藏生理及品质的影响[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(9):255-263
[31]巩惠芳,杜正顺,汪良驹,等.气调处理延长草莓果实保鲜效应的研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2009,32(2):35-39
[2]赵楠.新疆哈密瓜产业的调查及思考[J].新疆农业科技,2008(4):13
[3]熊韬.不同株距配置对不同哈密瓜品种果实品质及产量的影响[J].农村科技,2018(5):55-57
[4]胡国智.新型尿素对新疆哈密瓜产量、品质及氮肥利用的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2018,55(10):1888-1894
[5]熊韬,胡国智,吴海波,等.栽培密度对哈密瓜坐果及品质特性的影响[J].现代农业科技,2018,725(15):93-94
[6]杨建丽,杜娟,廖新福,等.包装方式对哈密瓜干贮藏品质的影响[J].农产品加工,2016(11):36-38
[7]杜娟,廖新福,杨军,等.几种贮藏方式对采后哈密瓜生理及贮藏品质的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2014,42(13):4032-4035
[8]申江,王晓东,张于峰,等.库尔勒香梨冰温储藏实验[J].化工学报,2008,59(15):99-103
[9]汤石生,刘军,龚丽,等.果蔬保鲜贮藏技术研究进展[J].现代农业装备,2018(4):67-73
[10]权伍荣,韩东熙,李铉军.果蔬贮藏保鲜技术的研究现状和发展趋势[J].农机化研究,2007,29(2):8-11
[11]刘同业,张婷,车凤斌,等.不同贮藏温度下西州密25号哈密瓜果实冷害生理的研究[J].新疆农业科学,2015,52(1):26-32
[12]时月,王宇滨,李武,等.气调处理对薄皮甜瓜品质的影响[J].食品科技,2018,43(3):38-42
[13]陈存坤.新疆主栽厚皮甜瓜采后贮藏保鲜试验研究[D].天津:天津科技大学,2009
[14]张晓军,刘长悦,董成虎,等.二氧化氯对西周密25号哈密瓜采后生理及贮藏品质的影响[J].食品研究与开发,2017,38(22):198-203
[15]陈存坤,高芙蓉,薛文通,等.臭氧处理对新疆厚皮甜瓜贮藏品质和生理特性的影响[J].食品科学,2016,37(20):215-220
[16]曹建康,姜微波,赵玉梅.果蔬采后生理生化实验指导[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2007:27-35
[17]斯越秀,胡妙君,汪财生,等.贮藏温度对哈密瓜“黄皮9818”采后营养品质的影响[J].江苏农业科学,2012,40(2):210-212
[18]Paull R.Effect of temperature and relative humidity on fresh commodity quality[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,1999,15(3):263-277
[19]李萍,车凤斌,胡柏文,等.气调贮藏不同气体比例对哈密瓜86-1贮期品质及生理活性的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2010,47(1):104-109
[20]Chen C,Hu W Z,He Y B,et al.Effect of citric acid combined with UV-C on the quality of fresh-cut apples[J].Postharvest Biology and Technology,2015,115:151
[21]Sheng L,Shen D,Luo Y,et al.Exogenousγ-aminobutyric acid treatment affects citrate and amino acid accumulation to improve fruit quality and storage performance of postharvest citrus fruit[J].Food Chemistry,2017,216:138-145
[22]王向阳,姜丽佳,王忠英.莲藕的酶促褐变及其贮藏中褐变的控制[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(4):276-280
[23]孙希生,王文辉,王志华,等.1-MCP对苹果采后生理的影响[J].果树学报,2003,20(1):12-17
[24]Chen F H,Wu G B,Li C F.Effects of modified atmosphere packaging on respiration and quality attributes of loquat fruit during cold storage[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2003,19(5):147-151
[25]陆胜民,徐亚光.鲜切竹笋冷藏过程中生理和生化变化的研究[J].中国食品学报,2004,4(2):25-30
[26]潘超然,鲍世利,陈锦权.锥栗贮藏过程维生素C的降解速率以及保鲜条件研究[J].农业工程学报,2003,19(6):234-237
[27]程顺昌,冷俊颖,任小林,等.不同环丙烯类乙烯抑制剂对苹果常温贮藏保鲜效果的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(6):269-273
[28]魏宝东,梁冰,张鹏,等.1-MCP处理结合冰温贮藏对磨盘柿果实软化衰老的影响[J].食品科学,2014,35(10):236-240
[29]白永亮,余铭,袁根良,等.大蕉后熟期的褐变相关性及褐变底物鉴定[J].食品科学,2012,33(4):271-275
[30]张群,周文化,谭欢,等.涂膜和热处理对葡萄能量和贮藏生理及品质的影响[J].农业工程学报,2016,32(9):255-263
[31]巩惠芳,杜正顺,汪良驹,等.气调处理延长草莓果实保鲜效应的研究[J].南京农业大学学报,2009,32(2):35-39