隧道环境的统计物理信道特征参数提取与计算
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摘要
针对隧道无线信道视距和非视距传输环境下的车对车(V2V)通信系统,提出了一种隧道空间物理信道模型,其移动发射机和移动接收机均处于移动状态,无限数量的散射体随机分布在隧道壁上.从隧道空间物理信道模型开始引入了一种随机参考模型,考虑电磁信号的单点散射传播路径,推导出三维空间域信道特征参数,即空-时-频互相关函数、二维时频互相关函数、时间自相关函数和频率相关函数.此外,根据参考模型设计出一种高效的顺式和(SOC)信道仿真模型,其时间自相关和频率相关函数都和参考模型相符合.在信道模型的基础上,分析了V2V系统中天线数量和信噪比与信道容量的关系.
Aiming at the vehicle-to-vehicle(V2V) communication system in the tunnel wireless channel line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight transmission environment,a tunnel space physical channel model was proposed,in which both the mobile transmitter and the mobile receiver were in a moving state,with infinite number of scatterers randomly distributed on the tunnel wall.A random reference model was introduced from the tunnel space physical channel model.Considering the single-point scattering propagation path of electromagnetic signals,the three-dimensional spatial domain channel characteristic parameters were derived,namely,the space-time-frequency cross-correlation function,the two-dimensional time-frequency cross-correlation function,the temporal autocorrelation function and the frequency correlation function.In addition,an efficient sum-of-cisoids(SOC) channel simulation model was designed according to the reference model,and its temporal autocorrelation and frequency correlation functions were consistent with the reference model.Based on the channel model,the relationship between the number of antennas and the signal-to-noise ratio and channel capacity in V2V system was analyzed.
Aiming at the vehicle-to-vehicle(V2V) communication system in the tunnel wireless channel line-of-sight and non-line-of-sight transmission environment,a tunnel space physical channel model was proposed,in which both the mobile transmitter and the mobile receiver were in a moving state,with infinite number of scatterers randomly distributed on the tunnel wall.A random reference model was introduced from the tunnel space physical channel model.Considering the single-point scattering propagation path of electromagnetic signals,the three-dimensional spatial domain channel characteristic parameters were derived,namely,the space-time-frequency cross-correlation function,the two-dimensional time-frequency cross-correlation function,the temporal autocorrelation function and the frequency correlation function.In addition,an efficient sum-of-cisoids(SOC) channel simulation model was designed according to the reference model,and its temporal autocorrelation and frequency correlation functions were consistent with the reference model.Based on the channel model,the relationship between the number of antennas and the signal-to-noise ratio and channel capacity in V2V system was analyzed.
引文
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[2]MA Y,P?TZOLD M.Modeling and statistical characterization of wideband indoor radio propagation channels[C]//Proceedings of International Congress on Ultra Modern Telecommunications and Control Systems and Workshops.Moscow:IEEE,2010:777-783.
[3]PATZOLD M,HOGSTAD B O,Youssef N.Modeling,analysis,and simulation of MIMO mobile-to-mobile fading channels[J].IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,2008,7(2):510-520.
[4]HE Z,WEI C,WEI Z,et al.Modelling of MIMOvehicle-to-vehicle fading channels in T-junction scattering environments[C]//Proceedings of European Conference on Antennas and Propagation.Berlin:IEEE,2009:652-656.
[5]AVAZOV N,P?TZOLD M.Design of wideband MIMOCar-to-Car channel models based on the geometrical street scattering model[J].Modelling and Simulation in Engineering,2012(6):18-23.
[6]ZAJIC A G,STUBER G L,PRATT T G,et al.Wideband MIMO mobile-to-mobile channels:geometry-based statistical modeling with experimental verification[J].IEEETransactions on Vehicular Technology,2009,58(2):517-534.
[7]周杰,曹志钢,菊池久和.基于三维空间域模型的上行链路信道估计[J].哈尔滨工程大学学报,2015,2015(8):1153-1158.
[8]JANASWAMY R.Angle of arrival statistics for a 3-Dspheroid model[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2002,51(5):1242-1247.
[9]BALTZIS K B,SAHALOS J N.A simple 3-D geometric channel model for macrocell mobile communications[J].Wireless Personal Communications,2009,51(2):329-347.
[10]SUN Z,AKYILDIZ I F.A mode-based approach for channel modeling in underground tunnels under the impact of vehicular traffic flow[J].IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications,2011,10(10):3222-3231.
[11]DUDLEY D G,LIENARD M,MAHMOUD S F,et al.Wireless propagation in tunnels[J].IEEE Antennas&Propagation Magazine,2007,49(2):11-26.
[12]AKKI A S,HABER F.A statistical model of mobileto-mobile land communication channel[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,2006,35(1):2-7.
[13]SALZ J,WINTERS J H.Effect of fading correlation on adaptive arrays in digital mobile radio[J].IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology,1994,43(4):1049-1057.
[14]TSAI J A,BUEHRER R M,WOERNER B D.BERperformance of a uniform circular array versus a uniform linear array in a mobile radio environment[J].IEEETransactions on Wireless Communications,2004,3(3):695-700.
[15]TSAI J A,BUEHRER R M,WOERNER B D.Spatial fading correlation function of circular antenna arrays with Laplacian energy distribution[J].Communications Letters IEEE,2002,6(5):178-180.
[16]KENNEY J B.Dedicated short-range communications(DSRC)standards in the united states[J].Proceedings of the IEEE,2011,99(7):1162-1182.