忍冬花蕾延迟开花与内源激素调控研究
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摘要
为研究激素(IAA、ZR、GA_3、ABA)对忍冬(Lonicera japonica Thunb.)花期的调控机理,以忍冬主栽品种'大毛花'和新品种'特蕾1号'为试验材料,观察单花各发育时期花色、形态和花期时长的变化,并采用酶联免疫法检测4种内源激素的变化动态。结果表明,'特蕾1号'各时期花均比'大毛花'大,且二白期、大白期和凋花期均比'大毛花'长,尤其是大白期长达12 d,而'大毛花'仅为1 d。在整个花期内,'特蕾1号'和'大毛花'ZR和GA3含量均表现为先高后低的趋势,ABA含量均表现为逐渐上升的趋势,'特蕾1号'IAA含量先下降后上升,之后再下降再上升,'大毛花'IAA含量先下降后上升。在大白期,'特蕾1号'IAA、ZR含量为'大毛花'的3.36倍和1.61倍,ABA、GA3含量为'大毛花'的0.28倍和0.89倍;'特蕾1号'IAA/ABA、ZR/ABA、IAA/GA3、ZR/GA3比值为'大毛花'的11.96倍、5.67倍、3.80倍和1.81倍,ABA/GA3、ZR/IAA比值为'大毛花'的0.32倍和0.45倍。影响'特蕾1号'大白期时长的主要因素是高水平IAA和低水平ABA,还有高IAA/ABA、ZR/ABA、IAA/GA3及低ABA/GA3、ZR/IAA。本研究结果可供生产中利用外源激素调控忍冬花期,延长忍冬采收期,提高忍冬产量和质量,并为进一步研究花期延长的分子机理提供参考。
To study the regulation mechanism of plant endogenous hormones (IAA,ZR,GA_3,ABA)on the flowering period of Lonicera japonica Thunb.,the main plant of the Lonicera japonica Thunb.cultivar ‘Damaohua' flower and the new cultivar ‘Telei 1' was used as experimental materials. The changes of flower color,morphology and flowering period in each developmental stage of two cultivars were observed,and the dynamics of four endogenous hormones in different developmental stages were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that the flowers of‘Telei 1 'were larger than that of‘ Damaohua',and the two white period,great white period and falling period also lasted longer.During the whole flowering period,the contents of‘Telei 1'and ‘Damaohua'ZR and GA_3 showed the trend of increasing and then decreasing,and the content of ABA showed a gradual increase trend. The content of IAA of‘Telei 1'firstly decreased,then increased,then falled and then rose again,the IAA content of the‘Damaohua'firstly decreased and then rose. In the great white period,the content of IAA and ZR in‘Telei 1'was 3.36 times and 1.61 times that of‘Damaohua',and the content of ABA and GA_3 was 0.28 times and 0.89 times that of‘Damaohua'. The ratios of IAA/ABA,ZR/ABA,IAA/GA_3 and ZR/GA_3 of‘Telei 1'were 11.96 times,5.67 times,3.80 times and 1.81 times of‘Damaohua',and the ratios of ABA/GA_3 and ZR/IAA were 0.32 times and 0.45 times that of‘Damaohua'. The main factors that affected the white period duration of‘Telei 1'were high IAA and low ABA content,as well as high ratio IAA/ABA, ZR/ABA,IAA/GA_3 and low ratio ABA/GA_3,ZR/IAA. In conclusion,with the use of exogenous hormones to control the flowering period,this study prolonged the harvest period of Lonicera japonica Thunb.,increased the yield and quality,and lay a foundation for further study of the molecular mechanism of flowering elongation.
To study the regulation mechanism of plant endogenous hormones (IAA,ZR,GA_3,ABA)on the flowering period of Lonicera japonica Thunb.,the main plant of the Lonicera japonica Thunb.cultivar ‘Damaohua' flower and the new cultivar ‘Telei 1' was used as experimental materials. The changes of flower color,morphology and flowering period in each developmental stage of two cultivars were observed,and the dynamics of four endogenous hormones in different developmental stages were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that the flowers of‘Telei 1 'were larger than that of‘ Damaohua',and the two white period,great white period and falling period also lasted longer.During the whole flowering period,the contents of‘Telei 1'and ‘Damaohua'ZR and GA_3 showed the trend of increasing and then decreasing,and the content of ABA showed a gradual increase trend. The content of IAA of‘Telei 1'firstly decreased,then increased,then falled and then rose again,the IAA content of the‘Damaohua'firstly decreased and then rose. In the great white period,the content of IAA and ZR in‘Telei 1'was 3.36 times and 1.61 times that of‘Damaohua',and the content of ABA and GA_3 was 0.28 times and 0.89 times that of‘Damaohua'. The ratios of IAA/ABA,ZR/ABA,IAA/GA_3 and ZR/GA_3 of‘Telei 1'were 11.96 times,5.67 times,3.80 times and 1.81 times of‘Damaohua',and the ratios of ABA/GA_3 and ZR/IAA were 0.32 times and 0.45 times that of‘Damaohua'. The main factors that affected the white period duration of‘Telei 1'were high IAA and low ABA content,as well as high ratio IAA/ABA, ZR/ABA,IAA/GA_3 and low ratio ABA/GA_3,ZR/IAA. In conclusion,with the use of exogenous hormones to control the flowering period,this study prolonged the harvest period of Lonicera japonica Thunb.,increased the yield and quality,and lay a foundation for further study of the molecular mechanism of flowering elongation.
引文
Cao Shangyin,Zhang Junchang,Wei Lihua.2000.Changes in endogenous hormones during apple flower bud gestation.Fruit Science,17(4):244-248.(in Chinese)曹尚银，张俊昌，魏立华.2000.苹果花芽孕育过程中内源激素的变化.果树科学，17(4):244-248.
Cao Shangyin,Tang Yizu,Jiang Aihua.2001.GA3 and PP333 regulate the mechanism of apple flower bud gestation.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,28(4):339-341.(in Chinese)曹尚银，汤一卒，江爱华.2001.GA3和PP333调控苹果花芽孕育机理的研究.园艺学报，28(4):339-341.
Cao Xuewei,Cui Hongmi,Yao Yuan,Xiong Aisheng,Hou Xilin,Li Ying.2017.Effects of endogenous hormones on variation of shoot branching in a variety of non-heading Chinese cabbage and related gene expression.Journal of Plant Biology,60(4):343-351.
Du Wei,Ding Jian,Ruan Chengjiang.2018.Dynamic changes of endogenous hormone levels during fruit development of Hippophae rhamnoides L.Acta Botanica Sinica,53(2):219-226.(in Chinese)杜维，丁健，阮成江.2018.沙棘果实发育过程中内源激素水平的动态变化.植物学报，53(2):219-226.
Feng Hui,Wang Jianhong,Wang Maoliang.2006.The role of hormones in flowering results of plants.Beijing Garden,(3):28-30.(in Chinese)冯慧，王建红，王茂良.2006.激素在植物开花结果中的作用.北京园林，(3):28-30.
Gong Yuehua,Zhang Xiaoli,Wang Junru,Chen Yue,Han Shu.2009.Effects of growth retardants on the growth and flower bud yield and quality of Lonicera japonica L.Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,15(4):981-984.(in Chinese)龚月桦，张晓丽，王俊儒，谌悦，韩树.2009.生长延缓剂对忍冬枝条生长和花蕾产量与品质的影响.植物营养与肥料学报，15(4):981-984.
Huang Dihui,Huang Huibai.1992.The relationship between the flowering mechanism of citrus and endogenous hormones.Fruit Science,(1):13-18.(in Chinese)黄迪辉，黄辉白.1992.柑橘成花机理的研究与内源激素的关系.果树科学，(1):13-18
Jiang Yufei.2017.Discussion on the role of auxin on plants.China’s Strategic Emerging Industries,(32):157.(in Chinese)蒋雨霏.2017.浅谈生长素对植物的作用.中国战略新兴产业，(32):157.
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Lan Afeng,Ji Wei,Liang Zongsuo.2007.Regulation of gibberellin on the flowering process of honeysuckle.Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),(5):163-165.(in Chinese)兰阿峰，纪薇，梁宗锁.2007.赤霉素对忍冬成花过程的调控.西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版），(5):163-165.
Li Jianjun,Jia Guolun,Li Jingyun,Liang Jianqiang,Yang Li.2013.Comparative analysis of the quality and index components of different flowering buds of honeysuckle.Henan Agricultural Science,42(10):110-114.(in Chinese)李建军，贾国伦，李静云，梁建强，杨丽.2013.忍冬不同花期花蕾质量及指标成分含量比较分析.河南农业科学，42(10):110-114.
Li Xiaoyan,Wang Zhenxing,Qin Hongyan,Fan Shutian,Ai Jun.2016.Dynamic changes of endogenous hormones during flower bud development of male and female kiwifruit.Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,38(3):281-286.(in Chinese)李晓艳，王振兴，秦红艳，范书田，艾军.2016.软枣猕猴桃雌雄株花蕾发育过程中内源激素的动态变化.吉林农业大学学报，38(3):281-286.
Niu Hui-ling.2015.Jujube flower formation process and its endogenous hormone dynamics[M.D.Dissertation].Yangling:Northwest A&FUniversity.(in Chinese)牛辉陵.2015.枣花形成过程及其内源激素动态研究[硕士论文].杨凌：西北农林科技大学.
Nobutoshi Y,Cara M W,Wu M F,Yuri K,Ayako Y.2014.Gibberellin acts positively then negatively to control onset of flower formation in Arabidopsis.Science,344:638-641
Peng Guodong,Yang Zhijun,Zhang Xianhua,Wang Wei,Tan Yuping.2008.Research on the regulation technology of honeysuckle flowering.Shandong Forestry Science and Technology,(5):33-71.(in Chinese)彭国栋，杨志军，张现华，王伟，谭玉屏.2008.忍冬花期调控技术的研究.山东林业科技，(5):33-71.
Qi Fei-yan,Peng Zhen-hua,Hu Tao,Gao Jian.2013.Changes in endogenous hormone contents in different organs of flowering bamboo.Forestry Science Research,26(3):332-336.(in Chinese)齐飞艳，彭镇华，胡陶，高健.2013.毛竹花期不同器官内源激素含量的变化.林业科学研究，26(3):332-336.
Rakngan J,Gemma H,Iwahori S.1995.Flower bud formation in Japanese pear trees under adverse conditions and effects of some growth regulator.J Trop Agr,39:1-6.
Sun Bin.2015.Preliminary study on the regulation of potted honeysuckle flowering period.Shandong Forestry Science and Technology,45(6):41-43.(in Chinese)孙斌.2015.盆栽忍冬花期调控初步研究.山东林业科技，45(6):41-43.
Sun Yongdong,Li Zhenxia,Luo Weirong,Chang Huaicheng,Wang Guangyin.2018.Effects of indole acetic acid on growth and endogenous hormone levels of cucumber fruit.International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,20(1):197-202.
The Pharmacopoeia Commission of the Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China.2015.Beijing:China Medical Science and Technology Press:205-206.(in Chinese)中华人民共和国卫生部药典委员会.2015.中华人民共和国药典．北京：中国医药科技出版社：205-206.
Wang Lixia.2008.Changes in source hormone content and flowering fruit control during flowering period.Anhui Agricultural Sciences,(24):10341-10343.(in Chinese)王丽霞.2008.植物花期内源激素含量的变化与开花坐果控制研究.安徽农业科学，(24):10341-10343.
Wang Wei.2010.Study on the relationship between early-season flower induction and endogenous hormones and other growth substances[M.D.Dissertation].Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University.(in Chinese)王伟.2010.龙眼反季节成花诱导与内源激素及其他生长物质关系的研究[硕士论文].福州：福建农林大学.
Wen Luhua,Wang Zhen,Zhuang Weibing,Wang Miao,Zhu Xianqiu,Li Baijian,Gao Zhihong.2015.Exogenous GA4 treatment to relieve the physiological effects of flower bud dormancy in South China.South China Fruits,44(5):16-22.(in Chinese)温璐华，王真，庄维兵，王淼，朱銑秋，李百健，高志红.2015.外源GA4处理解除果梅花芽休眠的生理效应研究.中国南方果树，44(5):16-22.
Xiao Anqi.2016.Endogenous hormonal changes and flowering regulation of Bougainvillea bud differentiation[M.D.Dissertation].Guangzhou:South China Agricultural University.(in Chinese)肖安琪.2016.三角梅花芽分化的内源激素变化与花期调控研究[硕士论文].广州：华南农业大学.
Xu Pingzhen,Liu Tao,Yang Ying,Hu Yunqian.2007.The role of abscisic acid in plant flower development.Yunnan Plant Research,(2):215-222.(in Chinese)徐平珍，刘涛，杨莹，胡运乾.2007.脱落酸在植物花发育过程中的作用.云南植物研究，(2):215-222.
Yang Qiusheng,Huang Xiaoshu,Ji Yue,He Songlin,Song Hongyan.1996.Effects of different temperature storage on endogenous hormone levels in cut lily flowers.Journal of Henan Agricultural University,30(3):203-206.(in Chinese)杨秋生，黄晓书，籍越，何松林，宋鸿雁.1996.不同温度贮藏对百合切花内源激素水平变化的影响.河南农业大学学报，30(3):203-206.
Yang Xiaohong,Chen Xiaoyang,Liu Kefeng.2006.Delayed effects of cytokinin on plant senescence.Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany,(3):256-262.(in Chinese)杨晓红，陈晓阳，刘克锋.2006.细胞分裂素对植物衰老的延缓作用.热带亚热带植物学报，(3):256-262.
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Cao Shangyin,Tang Yizu,Jiang Aihua.2001.GA3 and PP333 regulate the mechanism of apple flower bud gestation.Acta Horticulturae Sinica,28(4):339-341.(in Chinese)曹尚银，汤一卒，江爱华.2001.GA3和PP333调控苹果花芽孕育机理的研究.园艺学报，28(4):339-341.
Cao Xuewei,Cui Hongmi,Yao Yuan,Xiong Aisheng,Hou Xilin,Li Ying.2017.Effects of endogenous hormones on variation of shoot branching in a variety of non-heading Chinese cabbage and related gene expression.Journal of Plant Biology,60(4):343-351.
Du Wei,Ding Jian,Ruan Chengjiang.2018.Dynamic changes of endogenous hormone levels during fruit development of Hippophae rhamnoides L.Acta Botanica Sinica,53(2):219-226.(in Chinese)杜维，丁健，阮成江.2018.沙棘果实发育过程中内源激素水平的动态变化.植物学报，53(2):219-226.
Feng Hui,Wang Jianhong,Wang Maoliang.2006.The role of hormones in flowering results of plants.Beijing Garden,(3):28-30.(in Chinese)冯慧，王建红，王茂良.2006.激素在植物开花结果中的作用.北京园林，(3):28-30.
Gong Yuehua,Zhang Xiaoli,Wang Junru,Chen Yue,Han Shu.2009.Effects of growth retardants on the growth and flower bud yield and quality of Lonicera japonica L.Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,15(4):981-984.(in Chinese)龚月桦，张晓丽，王俊儒，谌悦，韩树.2009.生长延缓剂对忍冬枝条生长和花蕾产量与品质的影响.植物营养与肥料学报，15(4):981-984.
Huang Dihui,Huang Huibai.1992.The relationship between the flowering mechanism of citrus and endogenous hormones.Fruit Science,(1):13-18.(in Chinese)黄迪辉，黄辉白.1992.柑橘成花机理的研究与内源激素的关系.果树科学，(1):13-18
Jiang Yufei.2017.Discussion on the role of auxin on plants.China’s Strategic Emerging Industries,(32):157.(in Chinese)蒋雨霏.2017.浅谈生长素对植物的作用.中国战略新兴产业，(32):157.
Kinet J M.1993.Environmental,chemical and genetic control of flowering.Horticultural Reviews,15:279-334.
Lan Afeng,Ji Wei,Liang Zongsuo.2007.Regulation of gibberellin on the flowering process of honeysuckle.Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition),(5):163-165.(in Chinese)兰阿峰，纪薇，梁宗锁.2007.赤霉素对忍冬成花过程的调控.西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版），(5):163-165.
Li Jianjun,Jia Guolun,Li Jingyun,Liang Jianqiang,Yang Li.2013.Comparative analysis of the quality and index components of different flowering buds of honeysuckle.Henan Agricultural Science,42(10):110-114.(in Chinese)李建军，贾国伦，李静云，梁建强，杨丽.2013.忍冬不同花期花蕾质量及指标成分含量比较分析.河南农业科学，42(10):110-114.
Li Xiaoyan,Wang Zhenxing,Qin Hongyan,Fan Shutian,Ai Jun.2016.Dynamic changes of endogenous hormones during flower bud development of male and female kiwifruit.Journal of Jilin Agricultural University,38(3):281-286.(in Chinese)李晓艳，王振兴，秦红艳，范书田，艾军.2016.软枣猕猴桃雌雄株花蕾发育过程中内源激素的动态变化.吉林农业大学学报，38(3):281-286.
Niu Hui-ling.2015.Jujube flower formation process and its endogenous hormone dynamics[M.D.Dissertation].Yangling:Northwest A&FUniversity.(in Chinese)牛辉陵.2015.枣花形成过程及其内源激素动态研究[硕士论文].杨凌：西北农林科技大学.
Nobutoshi Y,Cara M W,Wu M F,Yuri K,Ayako Y.2014.Gibberellin acts positively then negatively to control onset of flower formation in Arabidopsis.Science,344:638-641
Peng Guodong,Yang Zhijun,Zhang Xianhua,Wang Wei,Tan Yuping.2008.Research on the regulation technology of honeysuckle flowering.Shandong Forestry Science and Technology,(5):33-71.(in Chinese)彭国栋，杨志军，张现华，王伟，谭玉屏.2008.忍冬花期调控技术的研究.山东林业科技，(5):33-71.
Qi Fei-yan,Peng Zhen-hua,Hu Tao,Gao Jian.2013.Changes in endogenous hormone contents in different organs of flowering bamboo.Forestry Science Research,26(3):332-336.(in Chinese)齐飞艳，彭镇华，胡陶，高健.2013.毛竹花期不同器官内源激素含量的变化.林业科学研究，26(3):332-336.
Rakngan J,Gemma H,Iwahori S.1995.Flower bud formation in Japanese pear trees under adverse conditions and effects of some growth regulator.J Trop Agr,39:1-6.
Sun Bin.2015.Preliminary study on the regulation of potted honeysuckle flowering period.Shandong Forestry Science and Technology,45(6):41-43.(in Chinese)孙斌.2015.盆栽忍冬花期调控初步研究.山东林业科技，45(6):41-43.
Sun Yongdong,Li Zhenxia,Luo Weirong,Chang Huaicheng,Wang Guangyin.2018.Effects of indole acetic acid on growth and endogenous hormone levels of cucumber fruit.International Journal of Agriculture and Biology,20(1):197-202.
The Pharmacopoeia Commission of the Ministry of Health of the People’s Republic of China.2015.Beijing:China Medical Science and Technology Press:205-206.(in Chinese)中华人民共和国卫生部药典委员会.2015.中华人民共和国药典．北京：中国医药科技出版社：205-206.
Wang Lixia.2008.Changes in source hormone content and flowering fruit control during flowering period.Anhui Agricultural Sciences,(24):10341-10343.(in Chinese)王丽霞.2008.植物花期内源激素含量的变化与开花坐果控制研究.安徽农业科学，(24):10341-10343.
Wang Wei.2010.Study on the relationship between early-season flower induction and endogenous hormones and other growth substances[M.D.Dissertation].Fuzhou:Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University.(in Chinese)王伟.2010.龙眼反季节成花诱导与内源激素及其他生长物质关系的研究[硕士论文].福州：福建农林大学.
Wen Luhua,Wang Zhen,Zhuang Weibing,Wang Miao,Zhu Xianqiu,Li Baijian,Gao Zhihong.2015.Exogenous GA4 treatment to relieve the physiological effects of flower bud dormancy in South China.South China Fruits,44(5):16-22.(in Chinese)温璐华，王真，庄维兵，王淼，朱銑秋，李百健，高志红.2015.外源GA4处理解除果梅花芽休眠的生理效应研究.中国南方果树，44(5):16-22.
Xiao Anqi.2016.Endogenous hormonal changes and flowering regulation of Bougainvillea bud differentiation[M.D.Dissertation].Guangzhou:South China Agricultural University.(in Chinese)肖安琪.2016.三角梅花芽分化的内源激素变化与花期调控研究[硕士论文].广州：华南农业大学.
Xu Pingzhen,Liu Tao,Yang Ying,Hu Yunqian.2007.The role of abscisic acid in plant flower development.Yunnan Plant Research,(2):215-222.(in Chinese)徐平珍，刘涛，杨莹，胡运乾.2007.脱落酸在植物花发育过程中的作用.云南植物研究，(2):215-222.
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