贵州遵义松林Ni-Mo多金属矿区土壤Mo污染及农作物健康风险初步评价
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摘要
为了研究贵州遵义松林Ni-Mo多金属矿区土壤和农作物Mo污染情况,测定矿区不同类型土壤(旱地土、水稻土和森林土)和农作物样品Mo含量,采用地质累积指数法评价了土壤Mo污染状况,并采用危险商法评价农作物Mo健康风险.分析结果显示,矿区旱地土、水稻土和森林土Mo平均含量分别为64.66 mg·kg~(-1)、11.83 mg·kg~(-1)和40.24 mg·kg~(-1),相比于本研究的对照样品Mo含量(0.54 mg·kg~(-1))及贵州土壤Mo背景值(2.40 mg·kg~(-1)),3种类型土壤均具有高Mo含量特征.地质累积指数评价结果显示,3种类型土壤均出现不同程度的Mo污染.其中,旱地土Mo污染最为严重,污染级别在中度污染至极重污染之间;其次为森林土,处于中度污染至重度污染-极重污染之间;水稻土Mo污染相对较轻,污染级别在轻度污染至中度污染-重度污染之间.6种农作物样品Mo含量范围为0.36—59.97 mg·kg~(-1).危险商法评价结果表明,水稻和白菜的健康风险指数(HQ)大于1,长期食用可能对人体产生一定的健康风险;玉米、甘薯、辣椒和萝卜的健康风险指数小于1,对人体造成健康风险的可能性较小.若同时食用这6种农作物,Mo造成的总风险值高达3.62,存在较高的健康风险.季节性食用农作物(玉米、甘薯、白菜和萝卜)在食用季节(秋季)将具有更高的健康风险.本研究的结果表明,矿区Mo元素存在Ni-Mo多金属矿石及其围岩(黑色页岩)-土壤-农作物的迁移过程,并在土壤和农作物中富集,造成了一定程度的土壤Mo污染和农作物Mo健康风险.
To understand the contamination degree of molybdenum in soils around the Ni-Mo polymetallic mining area in Songlin, Zunyi, China, and to evaluate the human health risk of this heavy metal in crops planted on the soils, contents of molybdenum in the soil and crop samples from this area were analyzed. Meanwhile, the contamination degree of molybdenum in the soils was assessed using the geoaccumulation index, while the human health risk of molybdenum in the crops was evaluated by the hazard quotient. Firstly, results of the present study show that the three different types of soil(dryland soil, paddy soil and forest soil) from the mining area contained high Mo contents. The average concentrations of Mo in the dryland soil, paddy soil, and forest soil were 64.66 mg·kg~(-1), 11.83 mg·kg~(-1) and 40.24 mg·kg~(-1), respectively, which were significantly higher than the values of both the control sample in this study(0.54 mg·kg~(-1)) and the molybdenum background of Guizhou Province(2.40 mg·kg~(-1)). The geoaccumulation indexes of molybdenum in the soils indicate that the three different types of soil may have been contaminated by molybdenum. Secondly, the concentration range of Mo in the crops(Chinese cabbage, radish, sweet potato, rice, pepper, maize) is 0.36—59.97 mg·kg~(-1). The human health risk indexes of molybdenum in rice and Chinese cabbage were higher than 1, which suggests that molybdenum in rice and Chinese cabbage may cause a certain degree of health risk to human. Although the human health risk indexes of molybdenum in radish, maize, sweet potato and pepper were lower than 1, that index would be up to 3.62 if all the 6 crops in this study were considered, suggesting that the health risk to human would be caused by long-term regular consumption of these crops. In autumn, there is a higher health risk caused by the potential intake of molybdenum in the seasonal crops(Chinese cabbage, radish, sweet potato, maize) consumed more than any other seasons. Finally, the results herein suggested that the molybdenum in the mining area migrated from Ni-Mo polymetallic ores to their surrounding rocks(black shale), to the soil and crops, and were enriched in the soil and crops, resulting in a certain level of soil Mo contamination and crop Mo health risks.
To understand the contamination degree of molybdenum in soils around the Ni-Mo polymetallic mining area in Songlin, Zunyi, China, and to evaluate the human health risk of this heavy metal in crops planted on the soils, contents of molybdenum in the soil and crop samples from this area were analyzed. Meanwhile, the contamination degree of molybdenum in the soils was assessed using the geoaccumulation index, while the human health risk of molybdenum in the crops was evaluated by the hazard quotient. Firstly, results of the present study show that the three different types of soil(dryland soil, paddy soil and forest soil) from the mining area contained high Mo contents. The average concentrations of Mo in the dryland soil, paddy soil, and forest soil were 64.66 mg·kg~(-1), 11.83 mg·kg~(-1) and 40.24 mg·kg~(-1), respectively, which were significantly higher than the values of both the control sample in this study(0.54 mg·kg~(-1)) and the molybdenum background of Guizhou Province(2.40 mg·kg~(-1)). The geoaccumulation indexes of molybdenum in the soils indicate that the three different types of soil may have been contaminated by molybdenum. Secondly, the concentration range of Mo in the crops(Chinese cabbage, radish, sweet potato, rice, pepper, maize) is 0.36—59.97 mg·kg~(-1). The human health risk indexes of molybdenum in rice and Chinese cabbage were higher than 1, which suggests that molybdenum in rice and Chinese cabbage may cause a certain degree of health risk to human. Although the human health risk indexes of molybdenum in radish, maize, sweet potato and pepper were lower than 1, that index would be up to 3.62 if all the 6 crops in this study were considered, suggesting that the health risk to human would be caused by long-term regular consumption of these crops. In autumn, there is a higher health risk caused by the potential intake of molybdenum in the seasonal crops(Chinese cabbage, radish, sweet potato, maize) consumed more than any other seasons. Finally, the results herein suggested that the molybdenum in the mining area migrated from Ni-Mo polymetallic ores to their surrounding rocks(black shale), to the soil and crops, and were enriched in the soil and crops, resulting in a certain level of soil Mo contamination and crop Mo health risks.
引文
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