市场化程度对花卉产业组织影响实证分析
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摘要
以刘易斯市场规模分析框架为基础,采用2008—2014年中国各省区市花卉产业的面板数据,对市场化进程与花卉产业组织的关系进行实证分析,结果表明:市场化程度对企业数量、小企业数量和小企业比例具有正向影响作用,市场化是促进花卉产业组织演化的重要因素,有利于优化花卉产业组织的规模和结构。因此,政府应该从市场组织与制度完善角度维护好市场竞争秩序,企业应该提升核心竞争力而不是简单扩大规模。
⑴ Background——China is the largest flower producer in the world.Socialist market economy is the most important external institutional environment which the development of flower industry is facing.Research shows that the process of marketization has an important impact on the development of flower industry.Economic organization is an important entry point for empirical research on market system and changes in economic organization can effectively measure the utility of marketization.⑵ Methods——Based on Lewis' market scale analysis framework,this paper constructs a model of the influence of marketization degree on flower industry organizations,in order to measure the effect of market system on flower industry.The data of flower industry organizations come from China Forestry Statistical Yearbook,and the market index of each province comes from China Provincial Marketization Index Report(2016).The data of control variables come from China Labor Statistics Yearbook,China Demographic Yearbook and China Statistical Yearbook.⑶ Results——Through the panel data analysis of flower industry in 30 provinces and municipalities of China from 2008 to 2014,it is found that the number of flower growers in flower industry organizations is huge,and the enterprise structure is mainly small enterprises.Fixed-effect model was used to quantitatively estimate the impact of regional marketization on China's flower industry organizations,indicating that marketization degree is an important variable in the evolution of flower industry organizations.The four variables of the estimated results have passed the significant test: the coefficient of enterprises is 168.483,indicating that the marketization degree has a positive impact on the number of enterprises; the coefficient of small enterprises is 147.788,indicating that the marketization degree has a positive impact on the number of small enterprises; and the coefficient of the proportion of small enterprises is 0.046,indicating that the marketization degree has a positive impact on the proportion of small enterprises.The coefficient of flower growers is-0.366,which indicates that the marketization degree has a reverse effect on the number of flower growers.At the same time,the impact of control variables of the proportion of female employees in cities and towns and the total retail sales of social consumer goods on flower industry organizations has also passed the significant test.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Marketization is conducive to moderate scale expansion centered on core capacity improvement,and can optimize the scale and structure of the flower industry organizations.Its policy enlightenment is:⑴The government can create and maintain a good market environment,which can promote the healthy development of the flower industry.The government should provide more service-oriented governance to maintain the market's competitive order rather than simply intervene too much in the development of flower industry with administrative governance.⑵The government may consider supporting the construction of large-scale flower market and logistics center,and exerting the important influence of the government on market organization and system innovation.⑶Flower industry policy should focus on improving the core competitiveness of organizations,and support products and service innovation through the promotion of science and technology,tax incentives,beneficiary agricultural loans and other policy means and support product and service innovation to strengthen the flower industry.
⑴ Background——China is the largest flower producer in the world.Socialist market economy is the most important external institutional environment which the development of flower industry is facing.Research shows that the process of marketization has an important impact on the development of flower industry.Economic organization is an important entry point for empirical research on market system and changes in economic organization can effectively measure the utility of marketization.⑵ Methods——Based on Lewis' market scale analysis framework,this paper constructs a model of the influence of marketization degree on flower industry organizations,in order to measure the effect of market system on flower industry.The data of flower industry organizations come from China Forestry Statistical Yearbook,and the market index of each province comes from China Provincial Marketization Index Report(2016).The data of control variables come from China Labor Statistics Yearbook,China Demographic Yearbook and China Statistical Yearbook.⑶ Results——Through the panel data analysis of flower industry in 30 provinces and municipalities of China from 2008 to 2014,it is found that the number of flower growers in flower industry organizations is huge,and the enterprise structure is mainly small enterprises.Fixed-effect model was used to quantitatively estimate the impact of regional marketization on China's flower industry organizations,indicating that marketization degree is an important variable in the evolution of flower industry organizations.The four variables of the estimated results have passed the significant test: the coefficient of enterprises is 168.483,indicating that the marketization degree has a positive impact on the number of enterprises; the coefficient of small enterprises is 147.788,indicating that the marketization degree has a positive impact on the number of small enterprises; and the coefficient of the proportion of small enterprises is 0.046,indicating that the marketization degree has a positive impact on the proportion of small enterprises.The coefficient of flower growers is-0.366,which indicates that the marketization degree has a reverse effect on the number of flower growers.At the same time,the impact of control variables of the proportion of female employees in cities and towns and the total retail sales of social consumer goods on flower industry organizations has also passed the significant test.⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Marketization is conducive to moderate scale expansion centered on core capacity improvement,and can optimize the scale and structure of the flower industry organizations.Its policy enlightenment is:⑴The government can create and maintain a good market environment,which can promote the healthy development of the flower industry.The government should provide more service-oriented governance to maintain the market's competitive order rather than simply intervene too much in the development of flower industry with administrative governance.⑵The government may consider supporting the construction of large-scale flower market and logistics center,and exerting the important influence of the government on market organization and system innovation.⑶Flower industry policy should focus on improving the core competitiveness of organizations,and support products and service innovation through the promotion of science and technology,tax incentives,beneficiary agricultural loans and other policy means and support product and service innovation to strengthen the flower industry.
引文
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[20]张钢,罗军.组织网络化研究评述[J].科学管理研究,2003(1):60-64.
[21]杨蕙馨,冯文娜.中间性组织的竞争优势分析[J].人文杂志,2005(1):63-68.
[22]冯伟,徐康宁.影响市场规模的因素研究:基于刘易斯的分析框架[J].经济科学,2011(4):5-15.
[23]张晓君,彭正波.制度环境、公共服务供需对社会组织发展的影响:基于中国省级经验的实证研究[J].华东经济管理,2017,31(8):34-43.
[24]杨德才,王明.为什么小农经济会长期存在?一个交易效率视角的探讨[J].农业经济问题,2016,37(5):77-87.
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[27]财经界杂志社.博士咖啡[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2003:1-8.
[2]张启翔.转型期中国花卉业形势及面临的挑战[J].中国园林,2015,31(10):17-19.
[3]庄诚,姜新.经济发达城市花卉市场O2O模式分析:以苏州花卉市场为例[J].农民科技培训,2018(6):29-31.
[4]袁焕泽,曾素梅.多角度论证广州花卉市场发展状况[J].品牌研究,2018(2):88-89.
[5]秦开大,彭世广.昆明国际花卉市场价格波动实证研究:对昆明国际花卉拍卖市场价格波动的日历效应分析[J].价格理论与实践,2017(1):161-164.
[6]杨小凯,张永生.新兴古典经济学与超边际分析[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2003:3-9.
[7]奥利弗·E 威廉姆森.资本主义经济制度:论企业签约与市场签约[M].段毅才,王伟,译.上海:商务印书馆,2014:128-190.
[8]郭红彩.政企关系、市场化进程与地方政府环境信息公开:基于中国A股高污染行业的经验证据[J].中国地质大学学报(社会科学版),2014,14(6):55-62.
[9]树成琳,宋达.国家审计效果、政府行为与市场化进程:基于中介效应理论的实证分析[J].审计与经济研究,2015,30(6):11-18.
[10]陈志斌,王诗雨.产品市场竞争程度、融资约束与企业现金流风险[J].财务研究,2015(4):14-23.
[11]阚大学.对外直接投资、市场化进程与内资企业技术创新:基于省级大中型工业企业面板数据的实证研究[J].研究与发展管理,2014,26(5):14-22.
[12]潘静,张学志.市场化、城镇化与社会信任:基于WVS中国数据的实证研究[J].云南财经大学学报,2015,31(6):34-44.
[13]戴永务,余建辉,刘燕娜.市场化进程对木材加工企业技术创新投入影响的实证分析[J].农业技术经济,2014(7):121-128.
[14]王小鲁,樊纲,余静文.中国分省份市场化指数报告(2016)[M].北京:社会科学文献出版社,2017:58-209.
[15]崔剑,凌江怀,李颖.中国农业生产经营组织形式的演进和启示[J].江西社会科学,2010(8):197-200.
[16]汪爱娥,包玉泽.农业产业组织与绩效综述[J].华中农业大学学报(社会科学版),2014(4):70-75.
[17]耿明斋,吴乐,蔡胜勋.农业适度规模家庭经营的理论思考与政策建议[J].河南大学学报(社会科学版),2015,55(1):50-57.
[18]杨春华.适度规模经营视角下的农地制度创新:相关改革试点情况的调查与思考[J].农村经济,2018(9):83-86.
[19]张自强,李怡,高岚.农户林地经营的适度规模研究:基于粤、浙、皖三省的调查数据[J].中国农业大学学报,2018,23(9):231-240.
[20]张钢,罗军.组织网络化研究评述[J].科学管理研究,2003(1):60-64.
[21]杨蕙馨,冯文娜.中间性组织的竞争优势分析[J].人文杂志,2005(1):63-68.
[22]冯伟,徐康宁.影响市场规模的因素研究:基于刘易斯的分析框架[J].经济科学,2011(4):5-15.
[23]张晓君,彭正波.制度环境、公共服务供需对社会组织发展的影响:基于中国省级经验的实证研究[J].华东经济管理,2017,31(8):34-43.
[24]杨德才,王明.为什么小农经济会长期存在?一个交易效率视角的探讨[J].农业经济问题,2016,37(5):77-87.
[25]黄季焜.四十年中国农业发展改革和未来政策选择[J].农业技术经济,2018(3):4-15.
[26]罗必良.论服务规模经营:从纵向分工到横向分工及连片专业化[J].中国农村经济,2017(11):2-16.
[27]财经界杂志社.博士咖啡[M].北京:中国经济出版社,2003:1-8.