不同变种甜瓜糖分积累及蔗糖代谢酶活性动态变化
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摘要
为了解不同类型甜瓜糖分积累及糖代谢特点,选用厚皮甜瓜品种X228、普通甜瓜品种B154及越瓜品种H227为材料,定期取样测定果实成熟过程中的葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖含量和蔗糖代谢相关酶活性,研究不同变种甜瓜果实发育过程中糖分积累及相关酶动态变化差异。结果表明,授粉15 d至果实成熟期间,3个甜瓜品种的果实葡萄糖与果糖含量的变化均较小,品种间差异不显著。3个甜瓜品种果实蔗糖含量存在显著性差异,其中H227果实几乎无蔗糖积累,葡萄糖和果糖是果实的主要糖组分;B154和X228果实蔗糖含量随着果实发育而快速增加,蔗糖积累存在明显的转折点,蔗糖是B154和X228这2个品种成熟果实中最主要的糖组分,且果实蔗糖含量提高的同时蔗糖磷酸合成酶(SPS)活性上升、酸性转化酶(AI)活性降低,蔗糖合成酶(SS)合成方向的活性与蔗糖含量关系不显著。根据蔗糖含量的差异,可将甜瓜分为蔗糖积累型和低蔗糖积累型两类,前者果实蔗糖含量的上升被认为是SPS活性上升与转化酶(特别是AI)活性下降共同作用的结果,后者果实内极低的蔗糖含量被认为是SPS活性较低导致的。本研究结果为甜瓜种质资源创新利用和甜瓜果实糖分积累调控研究奠定了理论基础。
In order to improve the fruit quality of melon, and to identify the characteristics of melon varieties that could satisfy the demanding of most consumer and different market trends, three melon varieties, Cucumis melo L. var. saccharinus Naud. cv. X228, Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa Makino cv. B154 and Cucumis melo L. var. conmmon Makino cv. H227 were selected to investigate the physiological mechanism of sucrose accumulation during fruit ripening. Fruit were sampled at each growth stages, and the fruit soluble solid content(Brix grade) and sugar(glucose, fructose, sucrose) content, as well as activities of sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS), sucrose synthase(SS), acid invertase(AI) and neutral invertase(NI) were measured. Results showed that the sucrose contents were significantly different among the varieties; glucose and fructose were the major sugars and only a little amount of sucrose was accumulated in immature and mature H227 fruits, while sucrose is the major sugar in B154 and X228 fruits. During fruit development, the contents of glucose and fructose in three melon varieties were not changed dramatic ally, and there were no pronounced differences in glucose and fructose contents among three varieties. The sucrose contents in B154 and X228 fruits increased remarkably during fruit development with obvious turning points. Moreover, the rise of sucrose content was accompanied by the increase of SPS activity and the decreases of AI and NI activities, while the relationship between the content of sucrose and SS was not significant. According to the changes of sucrose content in developing melon fruits, melon could be divided into two sucrose accumulation types: sucrose accumulation type, i.e. X228 and B154, and low-sucrose accumulation type, i.e. H227. In the sucrose accumulation type, the sucrose content increased accompanied by the increase of SPS activity and the decrease of AI and NI activities. In the low-sucrose accumulation type, the low sucrose content may be caused by low SPS activity. The results provided the theoretical foundation for the innovative use of melon germplasm resources and the research on regulation of sugar accumulation in melon fruits.
In order to improve the fruit quality of melon, and to identify the characteristics of melon varieties that could satisfy the demanding of most consumer and different market trends, three melon varieties, Cucumis melo L. var. saccharinus Naud. cv. X228, Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa Makino cv. B154 and Cucumis melo L. var. conmmon Makino cv. H227 were selected to investigate the physiological mechanism of sucrose accumulation during fruit ripening. Fruit were sampled at each growth stages, and the fruit soluble solid content(Brix grade) and sugar(glucose, fructose, sucrose) content, as well as activities of sucrose phosphate synthase(SPS), sucrose synthase(SS), acid invertase(AI) and neutral invertase(NI) were measured. Results showed that the sucrose contents were significantly different among the varieties; glucose and fructose were the major sugars and only a little amount of sucrose was accumulated in immature and mature H227 fruits, while sucrose is the major sugar in B154 and X228 fruits. During fruit development, the contents of glucose and fructose in three melon varieties were not changed dramatic ally, and there were no pronounced differences in glucose and fructose contents among three varieties. The sucrose contents in B154 and X228 fruits increased remarkably during fruit development with obvious turning points. Moreover, the rise of sucrose content was accompanied by the increase of SPS activity and the decreases of AI and NI activities, while the relationship between the content of sucrose and SS was not significant. According to the changes of sucrose content in developing melon fruits, melon could be divided into two sucrose accumulation types: sucrose accumulation type, i.e. X228 and B154, and low-sucrose accumulation type, i.e. H227. In the sucrose accumulation type, the sucrose content increased accompanied by the increase of SPS activity and the decrease of AI and NI activities. In the low-sucrose accumulation type, the low sucrose content may be caused by low SPS activity. The results provided the theoretical foundation for the innovative use of melon germplasm resources and the research on regulation of sugar accumulation in melon fruits.
引文
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[17] 马梦婕,李鹏鹤,李楠楠,王兰菊.甜瓜果实发育动态和糖积累变化[J].河南农业科学,2015,44(9):82-85
[18] 徐利伟,岑啸,李林香,沈子明,陈景丹,陈馨,陈伟,杨震峰.外源褪黑素对低温胁迫下桃果实蔗糖代谢的影响[J].核农学报,2017,31(10):1963 -1971
[19] 田红梅,方凌,王艳,王明霞,江海坤,严从生,张其安.越瓜果实发育过程中糖的变化与相关酶活性的关系[J].中国蔬菜,2013(8):66-70
[20] 王兰菊,史晓亚,刘颖,李建悟.甜瓜果实糖梯度分布及形成原因研究[J].果树学报,2014(3):430-437
[21] Menon S V,Rao T V R.Health-promoting components and related enzyme activities of muskmelon fruit during its development and ripening[J].Journal of Food Biochemistry,2014,38(4):415-423
[22] Burger Y,Schaffer A A.Contribution of sucrose metabolism enzymes to sucrose accumulation in Cucumis melo[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,2007,132(5):704-712
[23] Hubbard N L,Huber S C,Pharr D M.Sucrose phosphate synthase and acidInvertase as determinants of sucrose concentration in developing muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) fruits [J].Plant Physiology,1989,91(4):1527
[24] 管学玉.网纹甜瓜品质形成特点的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[25] 朱勇,臧全宇,吴茜茜,吴银良,江潇潇.甜瓜中糖的高效液相色谱测定与分析[J].浙江农业科学,2012(1):1014-1016
[26] 张明方,李志凌,陈昆松,钱琼秋,张上隆.网纹甜瓜发育果实糖分积累与蔗糖代谢参与酶的关系[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2003,29(5):455-462
[27] 赵智中,张上隆,徐昌杰,陈昆松,刘栓桃.蔗糖代谢相关酶在温州蜜柑果实糖积累中的作用[J].园艺学报,2001,28(2):112-118
[28] Lester G E,Arias L S,Gomez-Lim M.Muskmelon fruit soluble acid invertase and sucrose phosphate synthase activity and polypeptide profiles during growth and maturation [J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,2001,126(1):33-36
[29] Wang Y,Wyllie S G,Leach D N.Chemical changes during the development and ripening of the fruit of Cucumis melo (cv.Makdimon) [J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1996,44:210-216
[30] Villanueva M J,Tenorio M D,Esteban M A,Mendoza M C.Compositional changes during ripening of two cultivars of muskmelon fruits [J].Food Chemistry,2004,87(2):179-185
[31] Huber S C,Huber J L.Role and regulation of sucrose-phosphate synthase in higher plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology & Plant Molecular Biology,1996,47(2):431-444
[2] 王琛,吴敬学,杨艳涛.世界甜瓜生产贸易分析及对中国的启示[J].中国食物与营养,2016,22(2):18-22
[3] 陈克农,盛云燕,朱子成.不同甜瓜品种含糖量差异分析[J].北方园艺,2012(10):35-38
[4] 马光恕,刘明鑫,王萌,宿晓琳,高铃铃,马彦良,廉华.磷对薄皮甜瓜生理代谢和产量形成影响的研究[J].核农学报,2017,31(5):1014 -1021
[5] Mccollum T G,Huber D J,Cantliffe D J.Soluble sugar accumulation and activity of related enzymes during muskmelon fruit development [J].Journal of American Society for Horticultural Science,1988,113(3):399-403
[6] 刘有春,陶承光,魏永祥,刘成,王兴东,刘威生,杨艳敏.越橘果实糖酸含量和不同发育阶段的变化及其与叶片中可溶性糖含量的相关关系[J].中国农业科学,2013,46(19):4110-4118
[7] 高美玲,袁成志,汪晓霞.不同甜瓜品种资源糖酸组分含量及其相关性[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(3):134-135
[8] 郑贺云,耿新丽,张翠环,姚军,再吐娜·买买提,廖新福.甜瓜生长发育与糖组分梯度积累动态研究[J].江西农业学报,2017,29(9):32-35
[9] 马慧,白立华,李浩然,闫文芝,杜瑞霞,刘艳.2种甜度差异型甜瓜果实糖分积累及其相关酶代谢特征研究[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(31):51-56
[10] 李响,王玲,聂鑫,韩墨,张萌,靳亚忠.不同肉色薄皮甜瓜糖积累变化规律[J].北方园艺,2016(20):22-27
[11] 黄松,高路银,杨森要,刘海英,胡建斌.薄皮甜瓜糖酸含量及其与果实性状的灰色关联度分析[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(7):112-115
[12] Gao Z,Petreikov M,Zamski E,Schaffer A A.Carbohydrate metabolism during early fruit development of sweet melon (Cucumis melo) [J].Physiologia Plantarum,1999,106(1):1-8
[13] 乔永旭,刘栓桃,赵智中,邢国明,何启伟.甜瓜果实发育过程中糖积累与蔗糖代谢相关酶的关系[J].果树学报,2004,21(5):447-450
[14] 张明方,蒋有条,余抗.甜瓜不同变种果实发育过程中的糖分转化与酶活性变化[J].浙江农业学报,1998(6):310-312
[15] 张中霞,刘艳,白立华,蔡贵芳.河套蜜瓜果实发育过程中糖积累与蔗糖代谢相关酶的关系[J].西北植物学报,2011,31(1):123-129
[16] Schaffer A,Aloni B,Fogelman E.Sucrose metabolism and accumulation in developing fruit of Cucumis[J].Phytochemistry,1987,26(7):1883-1887
[17] 马梦婕,李鹏鹤,李楠楠,王兰菊.甜瓜果实发育动态和糖积累变化[J].河南农业科学,2015,44(9):82-85
[18] 徐利伟,岑啸,李林香,沈子明,陈景丹,陈馨,陈伟,杨震峰.外源褪黑素对低温胁迫下桃果实蔗糖代谢的影响[J].核农学报,2017,31(10):1963 -1971
[19] 田红梅,方凌,王艳,王明霞,江海坤,严从生,张其安.越瓜果实发育过程中糖的变化与相关酶活性的关系[J].中国蔬菜,2013(8):66-70
[20] 王兰菊,史晓亚,刘颖,李建悟.甜瓜果实糖梯度分布及形成原因研究[J].果树学报,2014(3):430-437
[21] Menon S V,Rao T V R.Health-promoting components and related enzyme activities of muskmelon fruit during its development and ripening[J].Journal of Food Biochemistry,2014,38(4):415-423
[22] Burger Y,Schaffer A A.Contribution of sucrose metabolism enzymes to sucrose accumulation in Cucumis melo[J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,2007,132(5):704-712
[23] Hubbard N L,Huber S C,Pharr D M.Sucrose phosphate synthase and acidInvertase as determinants of sucrose concentration in developing muskmelon (Cucumis melo L.) fruits [J].Plant Physiology,1989,91(4):1527
[24] 管学玉.网纹甜瓜品质形成特点的研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2006
[25] 朱勇,臧全宇,吴茜茜,吴银良,江潇潇.甜瓜中糖的高效液相色谱测定与分析[J].浙江农业科学,2012(1):1014-1016
[26] 张明方,李志凌,陈昆松,钱琼秋,张上隆.网纹甜瓜发育果实糖分积累与蔗糖代谢参与酶的关系[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2003,29(5):455-462
[27] 赵智中,张上隆,徐昌杰,陈昆松,刘栓桃.蔗糖代谢相关酶在温州蜜柑果实糖积累中的作用[J].园艺学报,2001,28(2):112-118
[28] Lester G E,Arias L S,Gomez-Lim M.Muskmelon fruit soluble acid invertase and sucrose phosphate synthase activity and polypeptide profiles during growth and maturation [J].Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,2001,126(1):33-36
[29] Wang Y,Wyllie S G,Leach D N.Chemical changes during the development and ripening of the fruit of Cucumis melo (cv.Makdimon) [J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,1996,44:210-216
[30] Villanueva M J,Tenorio M D,Esteban M A,Mendoza M C.Compositional changes during ripening of two cultivars of muskmelon fruits [J].Food Chemistry,2004,87(2):179-185
[31] Huber S C,Huber J L.Role and regulation of sucrose-phosphate synthase in higher plants[J].Annual Review of Plant Physiology & Plant Molecular Biology,1996,47(2):431-444