研究性学习在中师化学学科中的实践研究
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摘要
研究性学习是20世纪80年代以来,国际教育界普遍推崇的一种新的教育理念。从研究性学习开设的目的来看,无论是学科教学中的研究性学习,还是单独设立的研究性学习课程,都是为了改变学生被动接受知识的学习方式,为学生构建一种开放的学习环境,提供多渠道获取知识并学以致用的机会,培养学生的创新精神和实践能力,发展学生的个性。学生学习方式的转变最终还需落实到学科教学中。因此,在学科教学中开展研究性学习就显得十分必要。各地近几年的探索和实践表明,研究性学习在促进学生发展和教师观念转变等方面都显示出了它强大的功效。研究性学习作为一种学习活动,强调主动探究,自主发现问题、解决问题,可以在各科教学中渗透运用。在学科教学中,结合学科实际选题或通过穿插专题的方式开展研究性学习,有助于学生探究能力的培养,也有助于学生更深刻地理解学科知识学习的意义,切实保证学生“在研究中学习,在学习中研究”。
     化学研究性学习,是一种新的化学学习活动。本文以化学学科为切入点,以“化学兴趣俱乐部”的形式,在教学过程中实施研究性学习,以利于学生科学素质的培养及综合实践能力的提高。我们在中师化学教学中实施研究性学习的实践探索,旨在论证中师化学学科中开展研究性学习的可行性,寻求开展化学研究性学习的基本途径,探索实施的基木程序,培养学生具备将来指导中小学生开展研究性学习的技能,促进学生综合素质的提高,也为将来大范围开展化学研究性学习积累经验,奠定基础。
     实验研究的结果表明:在中师化学学科中实施研究性学习,是必要的,也是可行的。化学研究性学习的实施,使参加实验的学生在各方面都有了不同程度的收获,学生初步具备指导研究性学习的技能,学习方式也发生
    
    了根木的转变,为中师基础学科的教学开辟了一条新的途径,使得学’}毛学
    习化学的兴趣越来越浓厚,思路越来越开阔。通过本研究的实施,教师也
    收获颇丰,不但提高了科研水平,也积累了一定的经验,为进一步大范伟}
    实施化学研究性学习打下一f良好的基础。
     但是,在目前学科教学任务和教学方式还没有完全改变的情况卜,在
    学科教学中开展研究性学习还存在着许多困难,对于化学研究性学习的实
    施模式,更需要我们进一步研究,以切实提高研究性学习活动的实效性。
Research-Based Learning is a kind of new education theory, which the international education circle has praised highly since the eighties of the 20th century. Regardless of discipline research study of teaching, or the independent research study course that set up, the purpose to set up Research-Based Learning in order to establish an open learning environment; providing opportunities to obtain knowledge and put it into use in many ways; fostering students' creative spirits and practical abilities and developing students' personalities. The transformation of students' learning methods should be eventually put into subject teaching. Therefore, it is essential to develop Research-Based Learning in subject teaching. As it has been shown through research and practice in recent years, Research-Based Learning has shown its strong effect on promoting students' development and transforming teachers' concepts. As a learning activity, Research-Based Learning emphasizes active researching, independent problem finding a
    nd solving and it can be used in the permeating subject teaching. In subject-teaching, according to subject option or through crossing seminars to develop Research-Based Learning, it is helpful to foster students' researching abilities and helpful for students to further deeply understand the meaning of studying subject knowledge so as to guarantee students "to learn while studying and to study while learning".
    Research-Based Learning in chemistry is a new chemistry-learning activity. This essay has the chemistry as a case in point, in the form of "Club of Interest in Chemistry", practicing and permeating Research-Based Learning in teaching course so as to foster and enhance the scientific qualities and comprehensive practical abilities of students. Our practical exploration implemented in chemistry teaching for mid-class teachers' school based on the method of Research-Based Learning is to prove the feasibility of developing Research-Based Learning in the subject of chemistry for the mid-class teachers'
    
    
    
    school; to search for the basic approach to develop Research-Based Learning in chemistry; to explore the basic program of Research-Based Learning in chemistry so as to set up the practical module for the Studying study in chemistry; to foster students' skills to guide the students to develop Research-Based Learning in the future and to accumulate experiences and lay a solid foundation to develop Research-Based Learning in chemistry in a wide range in the future.
    As it indicated in the results of experiment, it is essential and feasible to practice the Studying study in chemistry for mid-school teachers' school. Research-Based Learning is carried out to make the students who take part in the experiment get rewarded in all respects to various degrees; to foster students' abilities to guide and develop Research-Based Learning;; to change students' learning methods preliminarily; to open a new path for the basic subjects teaching for the mid-class teachers school; to make the students' interest in chemistry greater and greater and the students' thinking wider and wider. Through the implementation of Research-Based Learning, teachers have been richly rewarded. Not only have they enhanced their scientific research levels, but also they have accumulated certain experiences so as to lay a solid foundation for the large-scale implementation of Research-Based Learning in chemistry.
    However, under the current conditions that the teaching tasks and methods of subjects have not been changed, it is more complicated and more difficult to develop Research-Based Learning in subject teaching. We need further research on the implementing mode for Research-Based Learning in chemistry in order to enhance the efficiency of Research-Based Learning activities.
引文
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