贵州不同地区圆果化香种群年龄结构及空间分布格局分析
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摘要
为揭示喀斯特地区圆果化香种群特征,在喀斯特地貌典型分布区施秉县和普定县分别设置20 m×20 m样地各10个,以种群年龄结构、生命表、存活曲线、生存函数分析圆果化香种群的生命过程,应用6种聚集度指标分析圆果化香种群空间分布格局。结果表明:圆果化香种群年龄结构属金字塔型,种群是增长的;施秉圆果化香种群在第Ⅱ龄级个体数量最多,普定在第Ⅰ龄级出现个体数量高峰,种群结构在一些龄级出现波动,种群的期望寿命在幼年阶段较高;圆果化香种群的存活曲线为对角线型,即DeeveyⅡ型,表示各龄级死亡率大致相同;圆果化香种群的生存率函数随龄级的增加而降低,累积死亡率函数与危险率函数随龄级的增加而逐渐上升,死亡密度函数总体来看随着龄级的增加而逐渐下降,死亡率曲线与损失度曲线变化趋势一致,种群生长发育较为稳定;圆果化香种群的空间分布格局为集群分布。
In order to reveal the characteristics of Platycarya longipes population in karst region, 10 samples of20 m×20 m plots were set up in Shibing County and Puding County, respectively, which were typical distribution regions of karst land forms. The life process of Platycarya longipes was analyzed based on population age structure,life table, survival curve and survivorship function. Six spatial clustering indexes were used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of Platycarya longipes populations. The results showed that the age structure of Platycarya longipes was pyramidal and the population was growing. The population of Platycarya longipes in Shibing was the largest in the age group Ⅱ, while the peak number of individual population in Puding population appeared in theⅠ age class. The population structure fluctuated in some age classes, and the life expectancy of the population was higher in juvenile stage. The survival curve of Platycarya longipes population was a diagonal type, that was Deevey type Ⅱ, indicating that the mortality rates of all age-class were approximately the same. The survival rate function of Platycarya longipes population decreased with the increase of age class, and the cumulative mortality function and risk rate function gradually increased with the increase of age class. In general, the death density function decreased gradually with the increase of age class. The mortality curve was consistent with the loss curve, and the population growth and development were stable. The spatial distribution pattern of Platycarya longipes was a contagious distribution.
In order to reveal the characteristics of Platycarya longipes population in karst region, 10 samples of20 m×20 m plots were set up in Shibing County and Puding County, respectively, which were typical distribution regions of karst land forms. The life process of Platycarya longipes was analyzed based on population age structure,life table, survival curve and survivorship function. Six spatial clustering indexes were used to analyze the spatial distribution pattern of Platycarya longipes populations. The results showed that the age structure of Platycarya longipes was pyramidal and the population was growing. The population of Platycarya longipes in Shibing was the largest in the age group Ⅱ, while the peak number of individual population in Puding population appeared in theⅠ age class. The population structure fluctuated in some age classes, and the life expectancy of the population was higher in juvenile stage. The survival curve of Platycarya longipes population was a diagonal type, that was Deevey type Ⅱ, indicating that the mortality rates of all age-class were approximately the same. The survival rate function of Platycarya longipes population decreased with the increase of age class, and the cumulative mortality function and risk rate function gradually increased with the increase of age class. In general, the death density function decreased gradually with the increase of age class. The mortality curve was consistent with the loss curve, and the population growth and development were stable. The spatial distribution pattern of Platycarya longipes was a contagious distribution.
引文
Cai B.L.,Fang H.L.,Song P.,Hong T.,Lin S.W.,Liu L.X.,Li J.,and Tang J.D.,2007,Spatial distribution pattern of Alniphyllum fortunei in Meihuashan natural reserve,Yaredai Nongye Yanjiu(Subtropical Agriculture Research),3(1):44-47(蔡冰玲,范海兰,宋萍,洪滔,林淑伟,刘丽香,李键,唐佳栋,2007,梅花山自然保护区拟赤杨的空间分布格局,亚热带农业研究,3(1):44-47)
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Fan D.X.,and Yu X.X.,2016,Spatial point pattern analysis of Quercus variabilis and Pinus tabulaeformis populations in a mountainous area of Beijing,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),36(2):318-325(樊登星,余新晓,2016,北京山区栓皮栎林优势种群点格局分析,生态学报,36(2):318-325)
Jin H.,Zhao Y.,Yin H.,Qin L.W.,Liu L.J.,Wang C.,Jia X.,and Li B.Y.,2017,Quantitative characteristics and dynamic analysis of the endangered species Rhododendron chrysanthum population in Changbai Mountain,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),36(11):3123-3130(金慧,赵莹,尹航,秦立武,刘丽杰,王超,贾翔,李冰岩,2017,长白山濒危植物牛皮杜鹃(Rhododendron chrysanthum)种群数量特征与动态分析,生态学杂志,36(11):3123-3130)
Kang H.J.,Chen Z.L.,Liu P.,Hao C.Y.,and Wei F.M.,2007,The population structure and distribution pattern of Emmenopterys henryi in Dapanshan Natural Reserve of Zhejiang Province,Shengtaixue Bao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),27(1):389-396(康华靖,陈子林,刘鹏,郝朝运,韦福民,2007,大盘山自然保护区香果树种群结构与分布格局,生态学报,27(1):389-396)
Li G.X.,Chai Y.,Shao J.P.,Wang Y.Z.,He L.P.,and Fang B.,2016,Spatial distribution and life table analysis of Rhododendron protistum population,Senlin Yu Huanjing Xuebao(Journal of Forest and Environment),36(3):332-336(李贵祥,柴勇,邵金平,王元忠,和丽萍,方波,2016,大树杜鹃种群空间分布及生命表分析,森林与环境学报,36(3):332-336)
Liu B.,Chen C.J.,Chen S.P.,and Li S.,2006,The structure and sqatial distribution pattern of Phoebe bournei population,Fu jian Linxueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Fujian College of Forestry),26(3):210-213(刘宝,陈存及,陈世品,李生,2006,闽楠群落优势种群结构与空间分布格局,福建林学院学报,26(3):210-213)
Liu L.,Luo X.J.,Liu Y.L.,Wang S.,and Xu Y.,2017,Life table analysis of Firmiana platanifolia population,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),15(2):781-784(刘璐,罗小菊,刘映良,王帅,胥晏,2017,青桐种群生命表分析,分子植物育种,15(2):781-784)
Liu Y.L.,Du X.Q.,and Fang X.P.,2010,Age structure and spatial distribution pattern of Camellia rubimuricata population,Hubei Nongye Kexue(Hubei Agricultural Sciences),49(9):2172-2174(刘映良,杜兴乔,方小平,2010,荔波瘤果茶种群年龄结构及空间分布格局,湖北农业科学,49(9):2172-2174)
Liu Y.L.,Gao E.G.,Xie S.X.,and Ding G.J.,2005,Effect of lithological characters on the growth of Masson pine,Shandi Nongye Shengwu Xuebao(Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology),24(2):108-113(刘映良,高尔刚,谢双喜,丁贵杰,2005,岩性对马尾松生长的影响,山地农业生物学报,24(2):108-113)
Ma C.,Yang M.L.,Zhang Y.X.,Yan G.R.,and Xu Z.,2018,Age composition and dynamic characteristics of the main populations of endangered Malus sieversii,Ganhanqu Yanjiu(Arid Zone Research),35(1):156-164(马闯,杨美玲,张云秀,阎国荣,许正,2018,新疆野苹果(Malus sieversii)种群年龄结构及其动态特征,干旱区研究,35(1):156-164)
Ma F.Q.,Qin A.L.,Guo Q.S.,Jian Z.J.,Pei S.X.,Wang X.F.,Zhang S.Q.,and Xing J.C.,2017,Geographical distribution and habitat characteristics of critically endangered species,Thuja sutchuenensis,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),6(7):1777-1784(马凡强,秦爱丽,郭泉水,简尊吉,裴顺祥,王祥福,张世强,邢继畴,2017,极度濒危物种崖柏的地理分布及其生境特征,生态学杂志,6(7):1777-1784)
Rao S.,and Wu Y.Y.,2017,Comparison of physiological and morphological traits of Platycarya longipes in different slope locations in Karst Area,Diqiu Yu Huanjing(Earth and Environment),45(1):10-17(饶森,吴沿友,2017,喀斯特不同坡位圆果化香的生理与形态特征比较,地球与环境,45(1):10-17)
Tang L.X.,and Yu L.F.,2009,Dynamic life table of leaf population of Platycarya longipes,Guizhou Nongye Kexue(Guizhou Agricultural Sciences),37(9):169-173(唐丽霞,喻理飞,2009,圆果化香叶构件群动态生命表,贵州农业科学,37(9):169-173)
Tang W.J.,Xu W.X.,Deng H.,and Yu Q.,2015,Age structure research of Cinnamomum burmannii population on Qixing Park in Guilin,Hunan Linye Keji(Hunan Forestry Science and Technology),42(2):61-64(唐文杰,徐文炘,邓华,余谦,2015,桂林七星公园阴香种群年龄结构研究,湖南林业科技,42(2):61-64)
Tang X.X.,Yi Y.,and Liu Y.L.,2017,Study on the spatial distribution pattern of Taxus chinensis var.mairei in Mount Yuntai of Shibing Country,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),36(5):2116-2118(汤晓辛,乙引,刘映良,2017,施秉云台山南方红豆杉种群空间分布格局研究,基因组学与应用生物学,36(5):2116-2118)
Xie S.X.,Ding G.J.,and Liu G.H.,2001,Investigation on Karst forest vegetation in Xingbei of Zhenfeng County,Guizhou,Zhejiang Linye Keji(Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology),21(5):63-67(谢双喜,丁贵杰,刘官浩,2001,贵州贞丰县兴北喀斯特森林植被的调查分析,浙江林业科技,21(5):63-67)
Yang L.R.,Zhang Z.L.,Yun Y.,Yan W.P.,Chen X.,Zhang L.,Zhen D.J.,and Chen J.L.,2018,The population structure and dynamics of Dracaena cambodiana,an endangered tree on Hainan Island,Shengtaixue Bao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),38(8):1-12(杨立荣,张治礼,云勇,严武平,陈宣,张浪,郑道君,陈加利,2018,濒危植物海南龙血树的种群结构与动态,生态学报,38(8):1-12)
Yang Y.,Zhou J.,Chen X.,Yang Z.B.,and Long C.M.,2011,Determination of gallic acid in Platycarya longipes,Zhongguo Shiyan Fangjixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae),17(13):107-109(杨艳,周健,陈晓,杨在波,龙成梅,2011,圆果化香树中没食子酸的含量测定,中国实验方剂学杂志,17(13):107-109)
Yu L.F.,2003,Primary study on the structure of bud population for Platycarya longipes,Guizhou Kexue(Gguizhou Science),21(1-2):64-68(喻理飞,2003,圆果化香芽种群结构初步研究,贵州科学,21(1-2):64-68)
Yuan Z.X.,Jin X.M.,Ma T.Y.,Chen B.,Guan Q.W.,and Wang L.,2017,The population structure and dynamics of Quercus variadilis in Nanjing Spirit Valley,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),36(6):1488-1494(袁在翔,金雪梅,马婷瑶,陈斌,关庆伟,王玲,2017,南京灵谷寺栓皮栎种群结构与动态,生态学杂志,36(6):1488-1494)
Zhang Y.,Yi X.M.,Wang Y.X.,Ji L.Z.,and Wu P.L.,2015,Impact of tree harvesting on the population structure and dynamics of Pinus koraiensis(Pinaceae),Shengtai Xuebao(A-cta Ecologica Sinica),35(1):38-45(张悦,易雪梅,王远遐,姬兰柱,吴培莉,2015,采伐对红松种群结构与动态的影响,生态学报,35(1):38-45)
Zhang Y.,Zhang C.Y.,Zhao X.H.,Wu Y.X.,and Zhou H.C.,2008,Spatial distribution patterns of tree species in a secondary forest in Changbai Mountain,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),27(10):1639-1646(张赟,张春雨,赵秀海,武耀祥,周海城,2008,长白山次生林乔木树种空间分布格局,生态学杂志,27(10):1639-1646)
Cai X.Y.,2008,Population structure and its dynamics of Pinus taiwanensis in Wuyi Mountain,Thesis for M.S.,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Supervisors:Hong W.,and Wu C.Z.,pp.7-19(蔡小英,2008,武夷山黄山松种群结构与动态研究,硕士学位论文,福建农林大学,导师:洪伟,吴承祯,pp.7-19)
Fan D.X.,and Yu X.X.,2016,Spatial point pattern analysis of Quercus variabilis and Pinus tabulaeformis populations in a mountainous area of Beijing,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),36(2):318-325(樊登星,余新晓,2016,北京山区栓皮栎林优势种群点格局分析,生态学报,36(2):318-325)
Jin H.,Zhao Y.,Yin H.,Qin L.W.,Liu L.J.,Wang C.,Jia X.,and Li B.Y.,2017,Quantitative characteristics and dynamic analysis of the endangered species Rhododendron chrysanthum population in Changbai Mountain,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),36(11):3123-3130(金慧,赵莹,尹航,秦立武,刘丽杰,王超,贾翔,李冰岩,2017,长白山濒危植物牛皮杜鹃(Rhododendron chrysanthum)种群数量特征与动态分析,生态学杂志,36(11):3123-3130)
Kang H.J.,Chen Z.L.,Liu P.,Hao C.Y.,and Wei F.M.,2007,The population structure and distribution pattern of Emmenopterys henryi in Dapanshan Natural Reserve of Zhejiang Province,Shengtaixue Bao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),27(1):389-396(康华靖,陈子林,刘鹏,郝朝运,韦福民,2007,大盘山自然保护区香果树种群结构与分布格局,生态学报,27(1):389-396)
Li G.X.,Chai Y.,Shao J.P.,Wang Y.Z.,He L.P.,and Fang B.,2016,Spatial distribution and life table analysis of Rhododendron protistum population,Senlin Yu Huanjing Xuebao(Journal of Forest and Environment),36(3):332-336(李贵祥,柴勇,邵金平,王元忠,和丽萍,方波,2016,大树杜鹃种群空间分布及生命表分析,森林与环境学报,36(3):332-336)
Liu B.,Chen C.J.,Chen S.P.,and Li S.,2006,The structure and sqatial distribution pattern of Phoebe bournei population,Fu jian Linxueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Fujian College of Forestry),26(3):210-213(刘宝,陈存及,陈世品,李生,2006,闽楠群落优势种群结构与空间分布格局,福建林学院学报,26(3):210-213)
Liu L.,Luo X.J.,Liu Y.L.,Wang S.,and Xu Y.,2017,Life table analysis of Firmiana platanifolia population,Fenzi Zhiwu Yuzhong(Molecular Plant Breeding),15(2):781-784(刘璐,罗小菊,刘映良,王帅,胥晏,2017,青桐种群生命表分析,分子植物育种,15(2):781-784)
Liu Y.L.,Du X.Q.,and Fang X.P.,2010,Age structure and spatial distribution pattern of Camellia rubimuricata population,Hubei Nongye Kexue(Hubei Agricultural Sciences),49(9):2172-2174(刘映良,杜兴乔,方小平,2010,荔波瘤果茶种群年龄结构及空间分布格局,湖北农业科学,49(9):2172-2174)
Liu Y.L.,Gao E.G.,Xie S.X.,and Ding G.J.,2005,Effect of lithological characters on the growth of Masson pine,Shandi Nongye Shengwu Xuebao(Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology),24(2):108-113(刘映良,高尔刚,谢双喜,丁贵杰,2005,岩性对马尾松生长的影响,山地农业生物学报,24(2):108-113)
Ma C.,Yang M.L.,Zhang Y.X.,Yan G.R.,and Xu Z.,2018,Age composition and dynamic characteristics of the main populations of endangered Malus sieversii,Ganhanqu Yanjiu(Arid Zone Research),35(1):156-164(马闯,杨美玲,张云秀,阎国荣,许正,2018,新疆野苹果(Malus sieversii)种群年龄结构及其动态特征,干旱区研究,35(1):156-164)
Ma F.Q.,Qin A.L.,Guo Q.S.,Jian Z.J.,Pei S.X.,Wang X.F.,Zhang S.Q.,and Xing J.C.,2017,Geographical distribution and habitat characteristics of critically endangered species,Thuja sutchuenensis,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),6(7):1777-1784(马凡强,秦爱丽,郭泉水,简尊吉,裴顺祥,王祥福,张世强,邢继畴,2017,极度濒危物种崖柏的地理分布及其生境特征,生态学杂志,6(7):1777-1784)
Rao S.,and Wu Y.Y.,2017,Comparison of physiological and morphological traits of Platycarya longipes in different slope locations in Karst Area,Diqiu Yu Huanjing(Earth and Environment),45(1):10-17(饶森,吴沿友,2017,喀斯特不同坡位圆果化香的生理与形态特征比较,地球与环境,45(1):10-17)
Tang L.X.,and Yu L.F.,2009,Dynamic life table of leaf population of Platycarya longipes,Guizhou Nongye Kexue(Guizhou Agricultural Sciences),37(9):169-173(唐丽霞,喻理飞,2009,圆果化香叶构件群动态生命表,贵州农业科学,37(9):169-173)
Tang W.J.,Xu W.X.,Deng H.,and Yu Q.,2015,Age structure research of Cinnamomum burmannii population on Qixing Park in Guilin,Hunan Linye Keji(Hunan Forestry Science and Technology),42(2):61-64(唐文杰,徐文炘,邓华,余谦,2015,桂林七星公园阴香种群年龄结构研究,湖南林业科技,42(2):61-64)
Tang X.X.,Yi Y.,and Liu Y.L.,2017,Study on the spatial distribution pattern of Taxus chinensis var.mairei in Mount Yuntai of Shibing Country,Jiyinzuxue Yu Yingyong Shengwuxue(Genomics and Applied Biology),36(5):2116-2118(汤晓辛,乙引,刘映良,2017,施秉云台山南方红豆杉种群空间分布格局研究,基因组学与应用生物学,36(5):2116-2118)
Xie S.X.,Ding G.J.,and Liu G.H.,2001,Investigation on Karst forest vegetation in Xingbei of Zhenfeng County,Guizhou,Zhejiang Linye Keji(Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology),21(5):63-67(谢双喜,丁贵杰,刘官浩,2001,贵州贞丰县兴北喀斯特森林植被的调查分析,浙江林业科技,21(5):63-67)
Yang L.R.,Zhang Z.L.,Yun Y.,Yan W.P.,Chen X.,Zhang L.,Zhen D.J.,and Chen J.L.,2018,The population structure and dynamics of Dracaena cambodiana,an endangered tree on Hainan Island,Shengtaixue Bao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),38(8):1-12(杨立荣,张治礼,云勇,严武平,陈宣,张浪,郑道君,陈加利,2018,濒危植物海南龙血树的种群结构与动态,生态学报,38(8):1-12)
Yang Y.,Zhou J.,Chen X.,Yang Z.B.,and Long C.M.,2011,Determination of gallic acid in Platycarya longipes,Zhongguo Shiyan Fangjixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae),17(13):107-109(杨艳,周健,陈晓,杨在波,龙成梅,2011,圆果化香树中没食子酸的含量测定,中国实验方剂学杂志,17(13):107-109)
Yu L.F.,2003,Primary study on the structure of bud population for Platycarya longipes,Guizhou Kexue(Gguizhou Science),21(1-2):64-68(喻理飞,2003,圆果化香芽种群结构初步研究,贵州科学,21(1-2):64-68)
Yuan Z.X.,Jin X.M.,Ma T.Y.,Chen B.,Guan Q.W.,and Wang L.,2017,The population structure and dynamics of Quercus variadilis in Nanjing Spirit Valley,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),36(6):1488-1494(袁在翔,金雪梅,马婷瑶,陈斌,关庆伟,王玲,2017,南京灵谷寺栓皮栎种群结构与动态,生态学杂志,36(6):1488-1494)
Zhang Y.,Yi X.M.,Wang Y.X.,Ji L.Z.,and Wu P.L.,2015,Impact of tree harvesting on the population structure and dynamics of Pinus koraiensis(Pinaceae),Shengtai Xuebao(A-cta Ecologica Sinica),35(1):38-45(张悦,易雪梅,王远遐,姬兰柱,吴培莉,2015,采伐对红松种群结构与动态的影响,生态学报,35(1):38-45)
Zhang Y.,Zhang C.Y.,Zhao X.H.,Wu Y.X.,and Zhou H.C.,2008,Spatial distribution patterns of tree species in a secondary forest in Changbai Mountain,Shengtaixue Zazhi(Chinese Journal of Ecology),27(10):1639-1646(张赟,张春雨,赵秀海,武耀祥,周海城,2008,长白山次生林乔木树种空间分布格局,生态学杂志,27(10):1639-1646)