新中国70年农业农村改革进程回顾、核心问题与未来展望
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摘要
新中国70年农业农村改革大致可以划分为四个阶段。农业农村改革的核心问题包括产权制度改革、经营制度改革、资源配置方式、农业农村保护机制改革、乡村治理体制机制创新、脱贫攻坚体制机制创新、农村社会保障制度建设等。新时代深化农业农村改革面临着新的形势,应以正确处理好农民与土地的关系问题为主线,以构建新型工农城乡关系为重要遵循,坚持以人为核心的价值取向,统筹考虑农业现代化与农村现代化的综合推进。新时代深化农业农村改革应高度重视从改革方案出台到落地见效的执行问题、从局部试点到全面推行的经验总结与推广问题、从机构调整到职能融合的管理体制调整问题、从政策突破到法治保障的政策衔接配套问题。
The 70-year agricultural and rural reform in PRC can be roughly divided into four stages. The core issues of agricultural and rural reform include the reform of property rights system, the reform of operation system, the mode of resource allocation, the innovation of rural governance system and mechanism, the innovation of poverty alleviation system and mechanism, and the construction of rural social security system. Deepening the reform of agriculture and rural areas in the new era is faced with a new situation. We should take the correct handling of the relationship between farmers and land as the main line, follow the important principle of building a new relationship between industry and agriculture and urban and rural areas, adhere to the people-oriented value orientation, and give overall consideration to the comprehensive promotion of agricultural modernization and rural modernization. To deepen the reform of agriculture and rural areas in the new era, we should attach great importance to the implementation of the reform plan from the introduction to the implementation of the results, we should make much account of the experience summarization and popularization from local pilot projects to comprehensive implementation, we should pay great attention to the adjustment of management system from institutional adjustment to functional integration, we should also attach great importance to policy coherence from policy breakthrough to legal guarantee.
The 70-year agricultural and rural reform in PRC can be roughly divided into four stages. The core issues of agricultural and rural reform include the reform of property rights system, the reform of operation system, the mode of resource allocation, the innovation of rural governance system and mechanism, the innovation of poverty alleviation system and mechanism, and the construction of rural social security system. Deepening the reform of agriculture and rural areas in the new era is faced with a new situation. We should take the correct handling of the relationship between farmers and land as the main line, follow the important principle of building a new relationship between industry and agriculture and urban and rural areas, adhere to the people-oriented value orientation, and give overall consideration to the comprehensive promotion of agricultural modernization and rural modernization. To deepen the reform of agriculture and rural areas in the new era, we should attach great importance to the implementation of the reform plan from the introduction to the implementation of the results, we should make much account of the experience summarization and popularization from local pilot projects to comprehensive implementation, we should pay great attention to the adjustment of management system from institutional adjustment to functional integration, we should also attach great importance to policy coherence from policy breakthrough to legal guarantee.
引文
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[2]陈锡文.农业生产控制方式改革的探索---江西吉安农村的启示[J].江西社会科学,1984(2):68-72.
[3]陈吉元.农村改革十年的理论启迪[J].农村经济与社会,1988(6):1-9.
[4]张红宇.中国土地制度变革与农业结构调整---1978年后的中国农村改革与发展[J].经济体制改革,1992(2):107-112.
[5]沙键孙.中国共产党通史:第2卷[M].长沙:湖南教育出版社,1996:636.
[6]叶兴庆.我国农业支持政策转型:从增产导向到竞争力导向[J].改革,2017(3):19-34.
[7]厉以宁.农民工、新人口红利与人力资本革命[J].改革,2018(6):5-12.