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基于熵权物元模型的皖江城市带土地生态安全评价
摘要
针对目前生态安全评价中信息屏蔽和主观性问题,运用熵权物元模型对皖江城市带的土地生态安全空间差异及其影响因子进行了研究。结果表明:(1)皖江城市带土地生态安全等级可划分为"向理想安全转化"、"向临界安全转化"、"向较不安全转化"、"向极不安全转化"4个等级,其中超过88%的区域处于临界安全及以下水平,土地生态安全整体状况不容乐观;(2)皖江城市带土地生态安全状态整体稳定性较差,对于外界的干扰较为敏感;(3)皖江城市带土地生态安全空间差异明显,西部优于东部,南部优于北部;(4)单位土地工业废水负荷、自然保护区面积比重、人均水资源量、经济密度、环保支出占GDP比重、森林覆盖率是造成皖江城市带土地生态安全空间差异的主要影响因子。从而得出结论:熵权物元模型既能反映评价对象的稳定状态,也可以揭示单个评价指标的分异,评价结果较为全面客观地反映了研究区域的土地生态安全状况。
Aiming at the problems of information shield and subjectivity of the evaluation of land eco-security in China,this paper analyzed the spatial difference and the main impact factor of land eco-security in Wanjiang Urban Belt based on the entropy matter-element model.The results indicated that:(1)the whole level of land eco-security in Wanjiang Urban Belt could be divided into four classes:ideal security,critical security,relative insecurity and serious insecurity,the quality of Wanjiang Urban Belt was poor as a whole,more than 88% of area was under the critical security level;(2)the stability of land eco-security in Wanjiang Urban Belt was poor,and was sensitive to external disturbance;(3)the spatial difference of land eco-security in Wanjiang Urban Belt was significant,the west was better than the east,the south was better than the north;(4)the main factors affecting land eco-security in Wanjiang Urban Belt were industrial effluent capacity per-unit area,the proportion of nature reserve area,water coverage of per capita,density of economy,the ratio of environment expenditure to GDP,forest coverage rate.In conclusion,the steady status and the discrete information of single factor could be described by matter-element model,and the evaluation results could reflect the actual situation of land eco-security comprehensively and objectively in this region.
引文
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